|
BI-1
The Bereznyak-Isayev BI-1 was a Soviet short-range rocket powered interceptor developed during the Second World War. Early design Soviet research and development of rocket-powered aircraft began with Sergey Korolev's GIRD-6 project in 1932. His interest in stratospheric flight was also shared by Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky who supported this early work. After a long series of unmanned tests of vehicles, Korolev's RP-318-1 rocket aircraft flew on 28 Feb 1940. That Spring, TsAGI (''ЦАГИ – Центра́льный аэрогидродинами́ческий институ́т – Tsentralniy Aerogidrodinamicheskiy Institut'' Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute) hosted a conference for aircraft chief designers on the subject of ramjet and rocket propulsion. On 12 July the SNK (''Sovet Narodnykh Komissarov'' – council of peoples commissars) called for the development of a high-speed stratospheric aircraft. Aircraft designer and head of OKB-293, Viktor Fedorovich Bolkhoviti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Yakovlevich Bereznyak
Aleksandr Yakovlevich Bereznyak ( – 7 July 1974) was a Soviet aircraft and missile designer. He was the Chief Designer of MKB Raduga, from March 1957. Biography Aleksandr Bereznyak was born on 29 December 1912 in Boyarkino, Ozyorsky District, Moscow Oblast. He was employed in aviation industries since 1931. Bereznyak was a graduate of the Moscow Aviation Institute named after Ordzhonikidze (1938). He was an engineer in the experimental design bureau of V. F. Bolkhovitinov. While working in the bureau, he designed the first soviet jet, the BI-1, which was equipped with liquid fuel to power a rocket engine. The BI-1 was created in 1942 in co-operation with A. M. Isaev). He became Vice-chief designer of OKB-2 in 1946, later to become the chief designer in 1957. Other his developments include: * BI-1 — an early rocket-powered aircraft and the world's first rocket fighter developed by Bereznyak and Isaev in 1940-1944. It flew after German's experimental He 176, but still w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Fedorovich Bolkhovitinov
Viktor Fyodorovich Bolkhovitinov (Виктор Фёдорович Болховитинов) (4 February 1899 – 29 January 1970) was a Soviet engineer and team-leader of the developers of the Bereznyak-Isayev BI-1 aircraft. He was also the lead designer of the Bolkhovitinov DB-A bomber named after him. Bolkhovitinov was one of the first graduates of the Zhukovsky Academy. In 1934, he designed a modernized version of the Tupolev TB-3 bomber called the DB-A (long-range bomber of the academy). On August 12 of 1937, a DB-A attempted to fly over the North Pole to the USA, but the crew perished. In 1937, he designed the "S" or "Spartak", a small sleek high-speed bomber with a long greenhouse canopy. Two contra-rotating props were driven by a pair of Klimov M-103 V-12 engines. Development of the aircraft and its planned variants was discontinued when the war began. In 1940, Bolkhovitinov became head of his own experimental design bureau OKB-293. Based on a plane design by Ber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RNII
Reactive Scientific Research Institute (commonly known by the joint initialism RNII; russian: Реактивный научно-исследовательский институт, Reaktivnyy nauchno-issledovatel’skiy institut) was one of the first Soviet research and development institutions to focus on rocket technology. RNII developed the Katyusha rocket launcher and its research and development were very important for later achievements of the Soviet rocket and space programs. History The 'Reactive Scientific Research Institute' (RNII) was officially established on 21 September 1933 by combining the Group for the Study of Reactive Motion (GIRD) with the Gas Dynamics Laboratory (GDL). Personnel based in Leningrad were relocated to Moscow. Background Before 1931 there were two Soviet organizations devoted to researching rocket technology, the Leningrad-based GDL, and the mainly Moscow-based GIRD. The benefits of combining the two groups were recognized, particularly by Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Dushkin
Leonid Stepanovich Dushkin (Леонид Степанович Душкин) (August 15, 1910 in the Spirove settlement of the Tver region – April 4, 1990), was a major pioneer of Soviet rocket engine technology. He graduated from Moscow State University with a degree in mathematics and mechanics. In October 1932, he joined Fridrikh Tsander's brigade of GIRD, the Moscow rocket research group. He assisted in the creation of their first rocket engine OR-2, and after Tsander's death, he oversaw the creation of engine "10" which powered the first Soviet liquid-fuel rocket, GIRD-X. Dushkin became part of the Reactive Scientific Research Institute (RNII) when GIRD and the Gas Dynamics Laboratory (GDL) merged in 1933. Dushkin's engines were among the first to be regeneratively cooled, and he also experimented with uncooled engines of high-temperature ceramic. The 12K engines were both types, and powered the Aviavnito rocket. After the arrest of Valentin Glushko, Dushkin took ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev
Aleksei Mikhailovich Isaev (also Isayev; Russian: Алексе́й Миха́йлович Иса́ев; October 24, 1908, in Saint Petersburg – June 10, 1971, in Moscow) was a Russian rocket engineer. Aleksei Isaev began work under Leonid Dushkin during World War II, on an experimental rocket-powered interceptor plane, the BI-1. In 1944 he formed his own design bureau to engineer liquid-propellant engines. After abandoning the heavy, complex and undercooled German engine designs, Russia's principal engine designer Valentin Glushko turned to Isaev's innovations: thin-walled copper combustion chambers backed by steel support, anti-oscillation baffle to prevent chugging, and the flat injector plate with mixing-swirling injectors. The latter was an enormous simplification of the "plumbing nightmare" of the V-2 engine, because it avoided the need for separate fuel lines to each sprayer. Staged combustion (Замкнутая схема) was first proposed by Alexey Isaev in 194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharashka
A Special Design Bureau (, ''osoboje konstruktorskoe bûro''; ОКБ), commonly informally known as a ''sharashka'' (russian: шара́шка, ; sometimes ''sharaga'', ''sharazhka'') was any of several secret research and development laboratories operating from 1930 to the 1950s within the Soviet Gulag labor-camp system. Etymologically, the word ''sharashka'' derives from a Russian slang expression ''sharashkina kontora'', ("Sharashka's office", which in its turn comes from the criminal argot term ''sharaga'' (шарага) for a band of thieves, hoodlums, etc.) an ironic, derogatory term to denote a poorly-organized, impromptu, or bluffing organization. The scientists and engineers at a ''sharashka'' were prisoners picked by the Soviet government from various camps and prisons and assigned to work on scientific and technological problems for the state. Living conditions were usually much better than in an average ''taiga'' camp, mostly because of the absence of hard labor. The r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentin Glushko
Valentin Petrovich Glushko (russian: Валенти́н Петро́вич Глушко́; uk, Валентин Петрович Глушко, Valentyn Petrovych Hlushko; born 2 September 1908 – 10 January 1989) was a Soviet engineer and the main designer of rocket engines in the Soviet space program during the heights of the Space Race between United States and the Soviet Union. Biography At the age of fourteen he became interested in aeronautics after reading novels by Jules Verne. He is known to have written a letter to Konstantin Tsiolkovsky in 1923. He studied at an Odessa trade school, where he learned to be a sheet metal worker. After graduation he apprenticed at a hydraulics fitting plant. He was first trained as a fitter, then moved to lathe operator. During his time in Odessa, Glushko performed experiments with explosives. These were recovered from unexploded artillery shells that had been left behind by the White Guards during their retreat. From 1924 to 1925 he wro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arvid V
Arvid, Arved, Arnvid or Arvydas is a male given name, most common in Scandinavia but also in Iran and Lithuania. In Scandinavia it is derived from Old Norse and means "forest of eagles" or 'eagle wood'. Arvid is a royal male name that is composed of words with the meanings "king" and "legend". In Old Persian, ''Arvid'' is derived from + means "Aryan knowledge". People named Arvid include: * Arvid Andersson (other), various Olympic Games competitors * Arvid Carlsson (1923–2018), Swedish scientist and Nobel laureate * Arvid Hanssen (1932–1998), Norwegian journalist, newspaper editor, poet, novelist and children's writer * Arvid Harnack (1901–1942), German jurist, economist, and resistance fighter in Nazi Germany * Arvid Horn (1664–1742), Swedish soldier, diplomat and politician * Arvid Järnefelt (1861–1932), Finnish writer * Arvid Johanson (1929–2013), Norwegian newspaper editor and politician * Arvid Knutsen (1944–2009), Norwegian footballer and coach * Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi
Grigory, Grigori and Grigoriy are Russian masculine given names. It may refer to watcher angels or more specifically to the egrḗgoroi or Watcher angels. Grigory * Grigory Baklanov (1923–2009), Russian novelist * Grigory Barenblatt (19272018), Russian mathematician * Grigory Bey-Bienko (1903–1971), Russian entomologist * Grigory Danilevsky (1829–1890), Russian novelist * Grigory Falko (born 1987), Russian swimmer * Grigory Fedotov (1916–1957), Soviet football player and manager * Grigory Frid (1915–2012), Russian composer * Grigory Gagarin (1810–1893), Russian painter and military commander * Grigory Gamarnik (born 1929), Soviet wrestler * Grigory Gamburtsev (1903–1955), Soviet seismologist * Grigory Ginzburg (1904–1961), Russian pianist * Grigory Grum-Grshimailo (1860–1936), Russian entomologist * Grigory Gurkin (1870–1937), Altay landscape painter * Grigory Helbach (1863–1930), Russian chess master * Grigory Kiriyenko (born 1965), Russian fencer * Grigor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Kostikov
Andrey, Andrej or Andrei (in Cyrillic script: Андрей, Андреј or Андрэй) is a form of Andreas/Ἀνδρέας in Slavic languages and Romanian. People with the name include: *Andrei of Polotsk ( – 1399), Lithuanian nobleman *Andrei Alexandrescu, Romanian computer programmer *Andrey Amador, Costa Rican cyclist *Andrei Arlovski, Belarusian mixed martial artist *Andrey Arshavin, Russian football player *Andrej Babiš, Czech prime minister *Andrey Belousov (born 1959), Russian politician *Andrey Bolotov, Russian agriculturalist and memoirist *Andrey Borodin, Russian financial expert and businessman *Andrei Chikatilo, prolific and cannibalistic Russian serial killer and rapist *Andrei Denisov (weightlifter) (born 1963), Israeli Olympic weightlifter *Andrey Ershov, Russian computer scientist *Andrey Esionov, Russian painter *Andrei Glavina, Istro-Romanian writer and politician *Andrei Gromyko (1909–1989), Belarusian Soviet politician and diplomat * Andrey Ivanov, se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
