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Aïn Taïba
'Aïn Taïba (or Hassi Taïba) is an oasis and pit cave in Algeria. Location Aïn Taïba is about south of Ouargla and about north of Bordj Omar Driss, in the middle of the desert. It is above sea level. It is a water hole with a perimeter of about . History Aïn Taïba was known to nineteenth-century explorers as the only water point in the Issaouane Erg (Grande Erg Orientale) dune massif. It was therefore a necessary stopping place. Among others the oasis was visited by Fernand Foureau, Ismaël Bou Derba, Paul Flatters and Gaston Méry Gaston Méry (20 April 1866 – 15 July 1909) was a French author, translator and journalist. He was violently antisemitic and was also hostile to the people of the south of France, whom he saw as racially impure and inferior Italic peoples, Latin .... Notes Sources * * * * Further reading * {{DEFAULTSORT: Oases of Algeria Caves of Algeria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provinces Of Algeria
Algeria, since December 18, 2019, is divided into 58 wilaya, wilayas (province, provinces). Prior to December 18, 2019, there were 48 provinces. The 58 provinces are divided into 1,541 baladiyahs (Municipalities of Algeria, municipalities). The name of a province is always that of its capital city. According to the Algerian constitution, a wilaya is a territorial collectivity enjoying economic and diplomatic freedom, the APW, or ''"Popular Provincial Parliament/Provincial Popular Parliament"'' (the ''Assemblée Populaire Wilayale'', in French) is the political entity governing a province, directed by the "Wali (administrative title), Wali" (Governor), who is chosen by the Algerian President to handle the APW's decisions, the APW has also a president, who is elected by the members of the APW, which Algerians elect. List By 1984 the number of Algerian provinces were fixed at 48 and established the list of municipalities or "communes" attached to each province. In 2019, 10 new pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ouargla Province
Ouargla or Warqla ( ar, ولاية ورقلة) is a province (''wilaya'') in eastern Algeria. Its capital is Ouargla. Other localities include Hassi Ben Abdellah and Hassi Messaoud. It contains the Issaouane Erg desert. History In the past Ouargla was the center of trading of gold and slaves, as well as being an important center of Ibadi Islam. However, the Ibadis have left for the M'zab valley. In 1984 Illizi Province was carved out of its territory. In 2019, Touggourt Province was carved out of its territory. Administrative divisions The province is divided into 6 districts (''daïras''), which are further divided into 10 ''communes'' or municipalities. Districts Geology The region lies within the Algerian Triassic Sedimentary basin containing numerous oil and gas fields, including the Alrar gas field.Hamouda, A., 1980, Petroleum Potential-Ourgla Region Triassic Basin, Algeria, in Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade: 1968-1978, AAPG Memoir 30, Halbouty, M.T., editor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Districts Of Algeria
{{Politics of Algeria The provinces of Algeria are divided into 547 districts (''daïras'' / " دائرة "). The capital of a district is called a ''district seat'' (''chef-lieu de daïra''). Each District is further divided into one or more municipalities (''baladiyahs''). Algiers, the national capital, is the only city in the country which is divided into districts (and municipalities), and the only one which is a province itself. This means that its neighborhoods and suburbs have the same status as those of smaller cities or villages elsewhere in the country. The administration of a district is assigned to a district chief (''chef de daïra'') who is chosen by the Algerian president. The district chief, like the wilaya chief, is an unelected political position. Algeria's districts were created as ''arrondissements'' when Algeria was a colony of France and they had a status equal to those of mainland France. They were, like France's arrondissements, part of ''départements'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ouargla District
Ouargla District is a district in Ouargla Province, Algeria. It was named after its capital, Ouargla, which is also the capital of the province. According to the 2008 census, the total population of the district was 191,136 inhabitants. Communes The district is further divided into two communes: *Ouargla *Rouissat Both communes form part of Ouargla's urban area An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, t .... References Districts of Ouargla Province {{Ouargla-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oasis
In ecology, an oasis (; ) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment'ksar''with its surrounding feeding source, the palm grove, within a relational and circulatory nomadic system.” The location of oases has been of critical importance for trade and transportation routes in desert areas; caravans must travel via oases so that supplies of water and food can be replenished. Thus, political or military control of an oasis has in many cases meant control of trade on a particular route. For example, the oases of Awjila, Ghadames and Kufra, situated in modern-day Libya, have at various times been vital to both north–south and east–west Trans-Saharan trade, trade in the Sahara Desert. The location of oases also informed the Darb El Arba'īn trade route from Sudan to Egypt, as well as the caravan route from the Niger River to Tangier, Morocco. The Silk Road “traced its course from water hole to water hole, relying on oasis communities such as Turpan in China and Sam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pit Cave
A pit cave, shaft cave or vertical cave—or often simply called a pit (in the US) and pothole or pot (in the UK); jama in South Slavic languages scientific and colloquial vocabulary (borrowed since early research in the Western Balkan Dinaric Alpine karst)—is a type of cave which contains one or more significant vertical shafts rather than being predominantly a conventional horizontal cave passage. Pit caves typically form in limestone as a result of long-term erosion by water. They can be open to the surface or found deep within horizontal caves. Among cavers, a pit is a vertical drop of any depth that cannot be negotiated safely without the use of ropes or ladders. Pit caving Techniques Exploration into pit caves ("vertical caving", also called "potholing" in the UK and "pit caving" in US English) requires the use of equipment such as nylon kernmantle rope or cable ladders. The specialized caving techniques of single rope technique (SRT) is common practice and the preferre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ouargla
Ouargla ( Berber: Wargrən, ar, ورقلة) is the capital city of Ouargla Province in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria. It has a flourishing petroleum industry and hosts one of Algeria's universities, the University of Ouargla. The commune of Ouargla had a population of 133,024 in the 2008 census, up from 112,339 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 1.7%. However, including the commune of Rouissat, found in Ouargla's urban area, gives a total population of 191,136. Historical Ouargla According to Ibn Khaldun the town was founded by Banu Wargla who, accompanied by sections of the Maghrawa and Banu Ifran, left the Tlemcen region and founded Ouargla. These Berbers of Ouarghla then embraced Ibadi doctrines, which later made the town an attractive refuge for the citizens of Tahert. In the 11th century, Banu Hilal, an Arab tribe living between Nile and Red Sea, settled in Tunisia, Tripolitania (western Libya) and Constantinois (eastern Algeria) which was Ouargla p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bordj Omar Driss
Bordj Omar Driss is a town and commune in In Amenas District, Illizi Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 5,736, up from 3,547 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 5.0%. Its postal code is 33210 and its municipal code is 3304. Geography Bordj Omar Driss lies at an elevation of at the south-western end of the Hamada de Tinrhert Desert, a vast rocky region of the Sahara Desert that extends eastwards into Libya. To the south of the town is an area of sand dunes, beyond which lies the mountain range Djebel Essaoui Mellene, an extension of the Tassili n'Ajjer range. Climate Bordj Omar Driss has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification ''BWh''), with long and extremely hot summers with averages high temperatures well above 40 °C (104 °F) during June, July and August and brief and very warm winters with averages low temperatures below 4 °C (39.2 °F) in January, the coldest month of the year as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Issaouane Erg
The Issaouane Erg (also called Issaouane-N-Irrararene) is an approximately 38,000 km2 erg (sand sea) in Algeria's portion of the Sahara desert, located at . Topography The Issaouane Erg is located near the Ahaggar Mountains. It is part of a major dune field that extends from Issaouane Erg in the north to the Sudanese Erg in the south, flanked by the Libyan erg of Murzuq. In the north, the Issaouane Erg ends at the Tinrhert Plateau and in the south at the Fadnoun Plateau. To a large extent it follows the 500-m contour of the surrounding landscape, ergs mostly being confined to basins. Sand in the Issaouane Erg, below the level of the sand dunes, has accumulated to a depth of 20 to 30 meters. It has barchan dunes as well as star dunes of 300 to 430 meters high. The presence of both barchan dunes (which form due to unidirectional winds) and star dunes (which form when winds from various directions deposit sand) "suggests that wind regimes have changed over time". NASA's ''Earth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernand Foureau
Fernand Foureau (17 October 1850 – 17 January 1914) was a French explorer and Governor of Martinique from 1908 to 1913. He was born at the Château de Frédière at Saint-Barbant in Haute-Vienne in the Limousin region of France. He studied under Henri Duveyrier, the Saharan explorer, who developed Foureau's own interest in the subject. Once in the Sahara, Foureau carried out the first artesian well drilling for the company Oued RIHR and then became famous for his numerous study trips in the desert from 1882, which earned him several awards from the French Société de géographie.''Nécrologie de Fernand Foureau'' by Henri Schirmer in the '' |
Paul Flatters
Paul Flatters (16 September 1832 – 16 February 1881) was a French soldier who spent a long period as a military administrator in Algeria. He is known as leader of the Flatters expedition, an ill-fated attempt to explore the route of a proposed Trans-Saharan railway from Algeria to the Sudan. Almost all members of the expedition were massacred by hostile Tuaregs. The survivors resorted to eating grass and to cannibalism on the long retreat through the desert. After a brief outburst of public indignation the fiasco was forgotten. Background and early years (1832–53) Paul-François-Xavier Flatters was the son of Jean-Jacques Flatters (1786–1845) and Émilie-Dircée Lebon. His father came from Westphalia to Paris to study sculpture and painting. He was a student of Jean-Antoine Houdon and Jacques-Louis David, and was second in the Prix de Rome for sculpture in 1813. He served in the French army from February to July 1814 at the close of the First French Empire. During the Bourb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaston Méry (explorer)
Gaston Méry (1844 – 18 October 1896) was a French explorer. He was born in Algeria, son of one of the early settlers. After serving as a sailor and in the army, he assisted in surveys in Tunisia, then undertook three major expeditions into the Sahara in southern Algeria. He established friendly contact with the Tuareg people of the Kel Ajjer confederation, at the time considered unfriendly to the French, and mapped part of the route for a projected trans-Sahara railway to link Algeria to the Sudan. In the last years of his life he became a prosperous trader and real estate developer in Timbuktu. Early years (1843–75) Gaston Méry was born in 1843 in Dély Ibrahim, Algiers, Algeria. His family originated in Toulouse. He left home at the age of 16, went to sea and travelled to many parts of the world. When aged 21 he joined the Algerian ''tirailleurs''. He advanced quickly through the lower ranks, and distinguished himself in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. When he left the ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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