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Azipod
Azipod is a trademark azimuth thruster pod design, a marine propulsion unit consisting of a fixed pitch propeller mounted on a steerable gondola ("pod") containing the electric motor driving the propeller, allowing ships to be more maneuverable. They were developed in Finland jointly by the shipbuilding company Masa-Yards and the ABB Group, which produces them. Although "Azipod" is a registered brand name, it is sometimes used incorrectly as a generic trademark for podded propulsion units manufactured by other companies. Concept In the conventional azimuth thrusters such as Z-drive and L-drive thrusters, the propeller is driven by an electric motor or a diesel engine inside the ship's hull. The propeller is coupled to the prime mover with shafts and bevel gears that allow rotating the propeller about a vertical axis. This type of propulsion system has a long tradition throughout the 1990s and today such propulsion units are produced by a number of companies around the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Acting Ship
A double acting ship is a type of icebreaker, icebreaking ship designed to run ahead in open water and thin ice, but turn around and proceed astern (backwards) in heavy ice conditions. In this way, the ship can operate independently in severe ice conditions without icebreaker assistance but retain better open water performance than traditional icebreaking vessels.Juurmaa, K et al.: The development of the new double acting ships for ice operation. Kvaerner Masa-Yards Arctic Technology2001 an2002. Double acting ships carrying liquid cargo are generally referred as double acting Tanker (ship), tankers. In the early 1990s Aker Arctic, Kværner Masa-Yards Arctic Technology Centre (MARC) developed the concept for oil transportation between the Russian Arctic and Europe and the first double acting tanker, Finland, Finnish crude oil tanker MT Tempera, ''Tempera'', was delivered in 2002. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MT Indiga
MT ''Indiga'' ( rus, Индига) was an ice-strengthened product tanker that sailed under the Finnish flag in 1976–2003 and under the Russian flag in 2003–2021. After her modernization in 1994 she became the second merchant ship, after her sister ship ''Varzuga'', to be equipped with an electric azimuth thruster called Azipod.Juurmaa, K et al.: The development of the double acting tanker for ice operation, Aker Arctic Technology Inc.2001 an2002. History ''Lunni'', built in 1976 by Werft Nobiskrug GmbH in Rendsburg, Germany, was the first ship of a series of four arctic product tankers ordered by a Finnish oil and petroleum products company Neste Oyj in the 1970s. The ships were given names after Finnish seabirds and the silhouettes of their namesake birds were painted on the side of the ships' superstructure. ''Lunni'' (Atlantic puffin) and ''Sotka'' (Aythya) were delivered in 1976 and ''Tiira'' (tern) and ''Uikku'' (grebe) in the following year. Until the 1990s the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MT Varzuga
MT ''Varzuga'' ( rus, Варзуга) was an ice-strengthened product tanker that sailed under the Finnish flag in 1977–2003 and under the Russian flag in 2003–2021. After her modernization in 1993, she became the first merchant ship to be equipped with Azipod, an electric azimuthing propulsion unit developed in Finland in the late 1980s.Juurmaa, K et al.: The development of the double acting tanker for ice operation, Aker Arctic Technology Inc.2001 an2002. She was also the first non-Soviet ship to transit the Northern Sea Route. History Finland (1977–2003) ''Uikku'', built in 1977 by Werft Nobiskrug GmbH in Rendsburg, Germany, was the last ship of a series of four arctic product tankers ordered by a Finnish oil and petroleum products company Neste Oyj in the 1970s. The ships were given names after Finnish seabirds and the silhouettes of their namesake birds were painted on the side of the ships' superstructure. ''Lunni'' (Atlantic puffin) and ''Sotka'' (Aythya) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnival Elation
''Carnival Elation'' (formerly ''Elation'') is a operated by Carnival Cruise Line. Built by Kværner Masa-Yards at its Helsinki New Shipyard in Finland, she was floated out on January 4, 1998, and christened as ''Elation'' by Shari Arison Dorsman. Her inaugural cruise began March 20, 1998. During 2007, in common with all of her ''Fantasy''-class sisters, she had the prefix ''Carnival'' added to her name. Layout ''Carnival Elation'' is a 71,909-ton ship and is 855 feet long. She has a guest capacity of 2190 and a crew of 900. History ''Elation'' was the first cruise ship to be equipped with an Azipod propulsion system. The pods give ''Elation'' better maneuverability compared with her sister ships that still used traditional shaft propellers. On November 5, 2011 ''Carnival Elation'' was moved from Mobile, Alabama to New Orleans. In October 2017, ''Carnival Elation'' completed a month long dry dock during which an extra deck was added and various modifications to her public f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azimuth Thruster
An azimuth thruster is a configuration of marine propellers placed in pods that can be rotated to any horizontal angle (azimuth), making a rudder unnecessary. These give ships better maneuverability than a fixed propeller and rudder system. Types of azimuth thrusters There are two major variants, based on the location of the motor: # Mechanical transmission, which connects a motor inside the ship to the outboard unit by gearing. The motor may be diesel or diesel-electric. Depending on the shaft arrangement, mechanical azimuth thrusters are divided into L-drive and Z-drive. An L-drive thruster has a vertical input shaft and a horizontal output shaft with one right-angle gear. A Z-drive thruster has a horizontal input shaft, a vertical shaft in the rotating column and a horizontal output shaft, with two right-angle gears. # Electrical transmission, more commonly called pods, where an electric motor is fitted in the pod itself, connected directly to the propeller withou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ABB Group
ABB Ltd. is a Swedish- Swiss multinational corporation headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland. The company was formed in 1988 when Sweden's Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget (ASEA) and Switzerland's Brown, Boveri & Cie merged to create ASEA Brown Boveri, later simplified to the initials ABB. Both companies were established in the late 1800s and were major electrical equipment manufacturers, a business that ABB remains active in today. The company has also since expanded to robotics and automation technology. It is ranked 341st in the Fortune Global 500 list of 2018 and has been a global Fortune 500 company for 24 years. Until the sale of its Power Grids division in 2020, ABB was Switzerland's largest industrial employer. ABB is traded on the SIX Swiss Exchange in Zürich, Nasdaq Stockholm in Sweden, and the New York Stock Exchange in the United States. An ABB entity plead guilty for bid rigging in 2001, and the company has had 3 US Foreign Corrupt Practices A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L-drive
An L-drive is a type of azimuth thruster where the electric motor is mounted vertically, removing the second bevel gear from the drivetrain. Azimuth thruster pods can be rotated through a full 360 degrees, allowing for rapid changes in thrust direction and eliminating the need for a conventional rudder. This form of power transmission is called a L-drive because the rotary motion has to make one right angle turn, thus looking a bit like the letter "L". This name is used to make clear the arrangement of drive is different from Z-drive A Z-drive is a type of marine propulsion unit. Specifically, it is an azimuth thruster. The pod can rotate 360 degrees allowing for rapid changes in thrust direction and thus vessel direction. This eliminates the need for a conventional rudder. .... See also * * * * * Notes {{DEFAULTSORT:L-Drive Marine propulsion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cycloconverter
A cycloconverter (CCV) or a cycloinverter converts a constant amplitude, constant frequency AC waveform to another AC waveform of a lower frequency by synthesizing the output waveform from segments of the AC supply without an intermediate DC link ( and ). There are two main types of CCVs, circulating current type or blocking mode type, most commercial high power products being of the blocking mode type. Characteristics Whereas phase-controlled SCR switching devices can be used throughout the range of CCVs, low cost, low-power TRIAC-based CCVs are inherently reserved for resistive load applications. The amplitude and frequency of converters' output voltage are both variable. The output to input frequency ratio of a three-phase CCV must be less than about one-third for circulating current mode CCVs or one-half for blocking mode CCVs.Bose (2006), p. 153 Output waveform quality improves as the ''pulse number'' of switching-device bridges in phase-shifted configuration increases in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propeller
A propeller (colloquially often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon a working fluid such as water or air. Propellers are used to pump fluid through a pipe or duct, or to create thrust to propel a boat through water or an aircraft through air. The blades are specially shaped so that their rotational motion through the fluid causes a pressure difference between the two surfaces of the blade by Bernoulli's principle which exerts force on the fluid. Most marine propellers are screw propellers with helical blades rotating on a propeller shaft (ship), propeller shaft with an approximately horizontal axis. History Early developments The principle employed in using a screw propeller is derived from sculling. In sculling, a single blade is moved through an arc, from side to side taking care to keep presenting the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generic Trademark
A generic trademark, also known as a genericized trademark or proprietary eponym, is a trademark or brand name that, because of its popularity or significance, has become the generic term for, or synonymous with, a general class of products or services, usually against the intentions of the trademark's owner. A trademark is said to become ''genericized''—or, informally, to have suffered ''genericide''—when it begins as a distinctive product identifier but changes in meaning to become generic. This typically happens when the products or services which the trademark is associated with have acquired substantial market dominance or mind share, such that the primary meaning of the genericized trademark becomes the product or service itself rather than an indication of source for the product or service. A trademark thus popularised has its legal protection at risk in some countries such as the United States and United Kingdom, as its intellectual property rights in the trademark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wärtsilä Marine
Wärtsilä Marine ( fi, Wärtsilä Meriteollisuus; sv, Wärtsilä Marinindustri) was a Finnish shipbuilding company. The company was created in 1987 in order to improve shipbuilding productivity by combining the Wärtsilä and Valmet yards under the same organisation. The yards were located in Helsinki and Turku. The company fell in a scandalous bankruptcy in 1989. The operation was continued after under name Masa-Yards. Background During the 1970s and 1980s the European shipbuilding suffered of a too high capacity and unhealthy competition. The Asian shipbuilders had grown fast and taken over a large part of the market. Combination of increasing salary costs and price dumping lead to an untenable situation for many European shipbuilders. Swedish shipbuilders had faced difficulties already in the 1970s and the yards had been kept alive through massive subsidies.Knorring: ''Telakkajätti ja telakkakriisi.'' p. 135–139. Due to Soviet exports, the Finnish shipbuilders were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cruise Ship
Cruise ships are large passenger ships used mainly for vacationing. Unlike ocean liners, which are used for transport, cruise ships typically embark on round-trip voyages to various ports-of-call, where passengers may go on tours known as "shore excursions". On "cruises to nowhere" or "nowhere voyages", cruise ships make two- to three-night round trips without visiting any ports of call.Compare: Modern cruise ships tend to have less hull strength, speed, and agility compared to ocean liners. However, they have added amenities to cater to water tourists, with recent vessels being described as "balcony-laden floating condominiums". As of December 2018, there were 314 cruise ships operating worldwide, with a combined capacity of 537,000 passengers. Cruising has become a major part of the tourism industry, with an estimated market of $29.4 billion per year, and over 19 million passengers carried worldwide annually . The industry's rapid growth saw nine or more ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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