|
Autism In China
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder affecting one's social interaction, communication, routine, etc. The disorder is observed across the globe. Autism in China is known as 自闭症 ( pinyin: zì bì zhèng, literal translation: "self-enclosure disorder") or 孤独症 (pinyin: gū dú zhèng, literal translation: "lonely disorder") in Chinese. It is also common for autistic individuals to be metaphorically called 来自星星的孩子 (translation: "children from their own star"). Current studies show that autism has a prevalence rate of around 1% among the Chinese population. Though there is evidence that, this number may be more significant due to under-diagnosis and lack of awareness among many in China. In China, autism was first recognized as a neurological disability in 2006. The country has passed a number of laws to ensure the state service and inclusion of autistic individuals. Currently, the diagnosis of autism in China adapts several internatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autism Spectrum
The autism spectrum, often referred to as just autism or in the context of a professional diagnosis autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental condition (or conditions) characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior and restricted interests. Other common signs include unusual responses to sensory stimuli. Autism is generally understood as a ''spectrum disorder'', which means that it can manifest differently in each person: any given autistic individual is likely to show some, but not all, of the characteristics associated with it, and the person may exhibit them to varying degrees. Some autistic people remain nonspeaking over the course of their lifespan, while others have relatively unimpaired spoken language. There is large variation in the level of support people require, and the same person may present differently at varying times. Historically, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disability In China
Disability in China is common, and according to the United Nations, approximately 83 million people in China are estimated to have a disability. Demographics Of the total number of disabled individuals, men account for 42.77 million (51.55%) and women account for 40.19 million (48.45%), making the gender ratio 106.42 disabled men for every 100 disabled women. Furthermore, 20.71 million (25.96%) individuals of the disabled community reside in urban areas, whereas 62.25 million (75.04%) in rural areas. According to the China Disabled Persons' Federation, approximately 12.33 million (14.86%) people have visual disabilities, 20.04 million (24.16%) have a hearing loss, hearing disability, 1.27 million (1.53%) have a speech disorder, speech disability, 24.12 million (29.07%) have a physical disability, 5.54 million (6.68%) have an intellectual disability, 6.14 million (7.40%) have a developmental disability, and 13.52 million (16.30% ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ocean Heaven
''Ocean Heaven'' () is a 2010 Chinese-Hong Kong drama film starring martial arts superstar Jet Li in his first full drama role. It also co-stars Taiwanese actress Gwei Lun-mei, who previously starred in Jay Chou's ''Secret''. The movie was filmed in Qingdao at the Qingdao Polar Ocean World and received promotion from the Qingdao council. It was announced that it was to be released in spring 2010, but the release date was pushed back to 24 June 2010, which opened the 2010 Shanghai International Film Festival on 2 June. Jet Li wants this film to get a good message across and promote the works with autism as well as the works of his charity ‘ The One Foundation’. Xue Xiaolu, a teacher at the Beijing Film Academy, wrote and directed the 7 million yuan (US$1 million) movie. The first-time director has been a volunteer for 14 years with Beijing Stars and Rain, a non-governmental educational organization for children with autism. The story was mostly based on her personal real life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Children Of The Stars
''Children of the Stars'' is a 2007 documentary about children with autism () in the People's Republic of China. It was produced by Alexander Haase and directed by Rob Aspey. The title is an English translation of the expression (), a phrase used in Taiwan to describe autistic children.Beijing Stars and Rain (2007). About Us''. Accessed 9 September 2010. The documentary focuses on the Beijing Stars and Rain Teaching Institute (北京星星雨教育研究所), founded in 1993 by Tian Huiping. In 1992 Tian traveled from Chongqing, Sichuan to Beijing—a distance of 1460 km, or 907 miles—looking for help for her own autistic son but found nothing.Jocelyn, Ed & Wu, Runmei. (2009)To Catch a Falling Star. China Business World. Interview with Tian Huiping. Accessed 9 September 2010. She returned a year later to start the school. Funded solely through charitable donations, the Beijing Stars and Rain School was the first non-governmental educational organization in China ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beijing Normal University
Beijing Normal University (BNU, ), colloquially known as Beishida (), is a public research university located in Beijing, China, with a strong emphasis on humanities and sciences. It is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in China as part of Class A Double First Class University in the Double First Class University Plan and was designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education as a member of Project 985 and Project 211. "Normal school" refers to an institution that trained schoolteachers in the early 20th century. The title is preserved in the names of Chinese institutions after they developed into comprehensive universities. It also reflects BNU's heritage as a Faculty of Education member of the Imperial University of Peking which was established as China's first modern university. BNU ranked first among universities that originated as “normal schools”. The Faculty of Education is considered the best in China according to several widely cited international ran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One Foundation
The One Foundation (), formally known as the Shenzhen One Foundation Charity Fund (), is a Chinese non-governmental organization which focuses on disaster relief, children's welfare, training of public welfare professionals, and funding grassroots charities. It was registered in 2011 as the first private charitable fundraising organization in China. Its headquarters is in Shenzhen, with offices in Beijing and Shanghai. The foundation's motto is "Charity by All, Doing What I Can" (). As of April 2013, the board of directors consisted of 11 members, in alphabetical order: Feng Lun (), Jet Li (), Liu Chuanzhi (), Pony Ma (), Ma Weihua (), Jack Ma (), Niu Gensheng (), Wang Shi (), Yang Peng (), Zhou Qiren () and Zhou Weiyan (). History Origin The One Foundation was founded by Chinese Red Cross ambassador Jet Li on April 19, 2007 as the Red Cross Society of China Jet Li One Foundation Project () which operated under the Red Cross Society of China. Li stopped his film work thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Applied Behavior Analysis
Applied behavior analysis (ABA), also called behavioral engineering, is a psychological intervention that applies empirical approaches based upon the principles of respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior of social significance.See also footnote number "(1)" of nd the whole "What is ABA?" section of Where the same definition is given, (or quoted), and it credits (or mentions) both the source "Baer, Wolf & Risley, 1968" (Drs. Donald Baer, PhD, Montrose Wolf, PHD and Todd R. Risley, PhD, (Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Alaska) were psychologists who developed science of applied behavior analysis) and ianother source, called "Sulzer-Azaroff & Mayer, 1991". Beth Sulzer-Azaroff is a psychologist at University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Psychology It is the applied form of behavior analysis; the other two forms are radical behaviorism (or the philosophy of the science) and the experimental analysis of behavior (or basic experime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asperger Syndrome
Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a former neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in Interpersonal relationship, social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognised as a diagnosis in itself, having been merged with other disorders into Autism spectrum, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were merged into ASD by relatively unimpaired language development, spoken language and cognitive development, intelligence. The syndrome was named after the Austrian Pediatrics, pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' Nonverbal communication, gestures or Empathy#Cognitive empathy, feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Infantile Autism
Kanner autism, or classic autism, is an outdated neurodevelopmental diagnosis which is now considered part of autism spectrum disorder. The term 'autism' was historically used to refer specifically to classic autism, but it is now the most popular term for referring to the autism spectrum more broadly. Parents often noticed signs of autism during the first three years of their child's life. Autism was hypothesized to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with genetic factors thought to heavily predominate. Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example, the vaccine hypothesis, which although disproven, continues to hold sway in certain communities. Contemporary diagnostic manuals include only one diagnosis - autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - which includes classic autism along with Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Globally, classic autism was estimated to affect 24.8 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autism Diagnostic Interview-revised
The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is a structured interview conducted with the parents of individuals who have been referred for the evaluation of possible autism or autism spectrum disorders. The interview, used by researchers and clinicians for decades, can be used for diagnostic purposes for anyone with a mental age of at least 24 months and measures behavior in the areas of reciprocal social interaction, communication and language, and patterns of behavior.Le Couteur, A., Lord, C., & Rutter, M. (2003). Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Retrieved Mar. 5, 2009, from Autism Genetic Resource Exchange, Los Angeles, CA. Web site: http://www.agre.org/program/aboutadi.cfm. Structure Useful for diagnosing autism, planning treatment, and distinguishing autism from other developmental disorders. The interview covers the referred individual's full developmental history, is usually conducted in an office, home or other quiet setting by a psychologist, and generally t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) is a standardized diagnostic test for diagnosing and assessing autism, now in its second edition as of 2012. It is considered to be a "''gold standard''" in diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The protocol consists of a series of structured and semi-structured tasks, that involve social interaction between the examiner and the person under assessment. The examiner observes and identifies segments of the subject's behavior, and assigns these to predetermined observational categories. Categorized observations are subsequently combined to produce quantitative scores for analysis. Research-determined cut-offs identify the potential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, allowing a standardized assessment of autistic symptoms. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), a companion instrument, is a structured interview conducted with the parents of the referred individual, and covers the subject's full developmental history. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Checklist For Autism In Toddlers
The Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) is a psychological questionnaire designed to evaluate risk for autism spectrum disorder in children ages 18–24 months. The 14-question test is filled out by the parent and a pediatrician or physician and takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. The CHAT has shown good reliability and validity in assessing child autism risk in recent studies. Some research has identified barriers, such as socioeconomic status and parent education level, to the validation of both the CHAT and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) as a reliable and valid screener for children of all backgrounds. History and development The CHAT was initially developed in the early 1990s to screen for autism in children as young as 18 months. Prior to this point, diagnosis of autism was rare in children younger than 3 years old. Additionally, no specialized screening tool had been developed to detect early signs of autism in young children. This cli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
