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Augacephalus
''Augacephalus'' is a genus of harpacterine theraphosid spiders. It has three species, all of which are found in Africa. Taxonomy and etymology The type species of ''Augacephalus'' is ''A. breyeri'' which was described as '' Pterinochilus breyeri'' by Hewitt in 1919. In 2002, Gallon placed it a new genus, which he erected in the same paper, ''Augacephalus''.Gallon, R. C. (2002). Revision of the African genera ''Pterinochilus'' and ''Eucratoscelus'' (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Harpactirinae) with description of two new genera. ''Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society'' 12: 201-232 Its name comes from the Greek αυγή ''auga'' meaning "sun rays" and κεφᾰλή ''kephale'' meaning "head" which refers to the prominent, radial cephalothorax striae present in most species. Natural history All known species are fossorial and females lay eggs in a hammock egg-sack which yield about 95 spiderlings.Gallon, R. C. (2010). On some southern African Harpactirinae, with notes on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augacephalus Junodi
''Augacephalus'' is a genus of harpacterine theraphosid spiders. It has three species, all of which are found in Africa. Taxonomy and etymology The type species of ''Augacephalus'' is ''A. breyeri'' which was described as ''Pterinochilus breyeri'' by Hewitt in 1919. In 2002, Gallon placed it a new genus, which he erected in the same paper, ''Augacephalus''.Gallon, R. C. (2002). Revision of the African genera ''Pterinochilus'' and ''Eucratoscelus'' (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Harpactirinae) with description of two new genera. ''Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society'' 12: 201-232 Its name comes from the Greek αυγή ''auga'' meaning "sun rays" and κεφᾰλή ''kephale'' meaning "head" which refers to the prominent, radial cephalothorax striae present in most species. Natural history All known species are fossorial and females lay eggs in a hammock egg-sack which yield about 95 spiderlings.Gallon, R. C. (2010). On some southern African Harpactirinae, with notes on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harpactirinae
The Harpactirinae (commonly called baboon spiders) are a subfamily of tarantulas which are native to the continent of Africa. Like many Old World tarantulas, they have a relatively strong venom, and can inflict a painful bite. Description Harpactirinae are ground-dwelling spiders which build silk-lined burrows, often under debris such as stones, using their fangs and chelicerae for digging. Habitats include savanna woodlands, grasslands, and dry scrublands. Systematics The following genera and species are present in the Harpactirinae. In addition, the genus '' Brachionopus'' (Pocock, 1897) has been suggested for placement in this subfamily, but its taxonomy is currently disputed. '' Augacephalus'' (Gallon, 2002) Type species: '' Augacephalus breyeri'' In synonymy: '' Augacephalus nigrifemur'' (Schmidt, 1995) = '' Augacephalus junodi'' *'' Augacephalus breyeri'' (Hewitt, 1919) — Mozambique, South Africa, Eswatini *'' Augacephalus ezendami'' (Gallon, 2001) — Mozambique ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augacephalus Breyeri
''Augacephalus breyeri'' is a species of harpactirine theraphosid spider, found in South Africa, Mozambique and Eswatini. Description ''Augacephalus breyeri'' females are 40-55mm in total length. The cephalothorax is 15-22mm long and 12-18mm wide, and sometimes has a "step" separating the cephalic region from the fovea. The cephalothorax has a radial pattern of orange striae set on a background of black setae, and the cephalic region has a black "mask". The fovea is shallow. There are long emergent setae on the sternum and coxae. The spermathecae are flattened and triangular. The abdomen (opisthosoma) is 18.8–27.2mm long and 12.9–19.4mm wide. Its dorsal surface is orange/beige with a dark pattern of spots, bars and reticulations. The legs and palpi are orange or beige. Male ''Augacephalus breyeri'' have a megaspine surmounting a distal proventral tibial apophysis. They have relatively robust embolus. The total length of the male is 18mm. The cephalothorax is 8.4mm long a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratogyrus
''Ceratogyrus'' is a genus of tarantulas found in southern Africa. They are commonly called horned baboons for the foveal horn found on the peltidium in some species. Diagnosis They are readily distinguished from other African theraphosid genera by the combined presence of a retrolateral cheliceral scopula, composed of plumose, stridulatory setae, and the strongly procurved fovea. The fovea is typically strongly procurved and in some species surrounds a distinct protuberance. This protuberance may take the form of a simple posterior extension of the caput, a low-set plug or a prominent, discrete conical projection. All ''Ceratogyrus'' species possess a pale yellow anteriorly placed, transverse, sub-abdominal band. This feature is not distinct in other Harpatirinae except '' Augacephalus junodi''. The absence of dense, ventral femoral fringes on the palpi and legs I and II distinguish ''Ceratogyrus spp.'' from female '' A. junodi''. Horn function '' C. marshalli'' fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterinochilus
''Pterinochilus'' is a genus of baboon spiders that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1897. They are found all throughout Africa Species it contains ten species, all found in Africa: *'' Pterinochilus alluaudi'' Berland, 1914 – Kenya *'' Pterinochilus andrewsmithi'' Gallon, 2009 – Kenya *'' Pterinochilus chordatus'' ( Gerstäcker, 1873) – East Africa *'' Pterinochilus cryptus'' Gallon, 2008 – Angola *'' Pterinochilus lapalala'' Gallon & Engelbrecht, 2011 – South Africa *''Pterinochilus lugardi'' Pocock, 1900 – Southern, East Africa *'' Pterinochilus murinus'' Pocock, 1897 – Angola, Central, East, Southern Africa *'' Pterinochilus raygabrieli'' Gallon, 2009 – Kenya *'' Pterinochilus simoni'' Berland, 1917 – Angola, Congo *'' Pterinochilus vorax'' Pocock, 1897 ( type) – Angola, Central, East Africa In synonymy Formerly included See also * List of Theraphosidae species This page lists all described genera and species of the spider f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augacephalus Ezendami
''Augacephalus ezendami'' is a tarantula found in Mozambique, it was first described by Richard C. Gallon in 2001. It is named after Thomas Ezendam, whom provided Gallon with numerous specimens. Description ''A. ezendami'' has a black carapace, with golden striping. Its femur is golden, while the opisthosoma and legs are creamy or tan, with a black fishbone pattern. Habitat They are found in the tropical savannas of Mozambique. Behavior As a defensive tarantula, ''A. ezendami'' is are obligate burrow An Eastern chipmunk at the entrance of its burrow A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of sh ...er, which means it will usually stay in the entrance of its burrow and wait for prey. It is also a quite prolific webber, making webs if there is no are available places to burrow. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4026901 Spid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theraphosidae
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,040 species have been identified, with 156 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas". Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes. Overview Like all arthropods, the tarantula is an invertebrate that relies on an exoskeleton for muscular support.Pomeroy, R. (2014, February 4). Pub. Real Clear Science, "Spiders, and Their Amazing Hydraulic Legs and Genitalia". Retrieved October 13, 2019, from https://www.realclearscience.com/blog/2013/02/spiders-their-amazing-hydraulic-legs-and-genitals.html. Like other Arachnida, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Gallon
Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Frankish language, Old Frankish and is a Compound (linguistics), compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'strong in rule'. Nicknames include "Richie", "Dick (nickname), Dick", "Dickon", "Dickie (name), Dickie", "Rich (given name), Rich", "Rick (given name), Rick", "Rico (name), Rico", "Ricky (given name), Ricky", and more. Richard is a common English, German and French male name. It's also used in many more languages, particularly Germanic, such as Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Icelandic, and Dutch, as well as other languages including Irish, Scottish, Welsh and Finnish. Richard is cognate with variants of the name in other European languages, such as the Swedish "Rickard", the Catalan "Ricard" and the Italian "Riccardo", among others (see comprehensive variant list below). People ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalothorax
The cephalothorax, also called prosoma in some groups, is a tagma of various arthropods, comprising the head and the thorax fused together, as distinct from the abdomen behind. (The terms ''prosoma'' and ''opisthosoma'' are equivalent to ''cephalothorax'' and ''abdomen'' in some groups.) The word ''cephalothorax'' is derived from the Greek words for head (, ') and thorax (, '). This fusion of the head and thorax is seen in chelicerates and crustaceans; in other groups, such as the Hexapoda (including insects), the head remains free of the thorax. In horseshoe crabs and many crustaceans, a hard shell called the carapace covers the cephalothorax. Arachnid anatomy Fovea The fovea is the centre of the cephalothorax and is located behind the head (only in spiders).Dalton, Steve (2008). ''Spiders; The Ultimate Predators''. A & C Black, London. P.p. 19. . It is often important in identification. It can be transverse or procurved Smith, A. M. (1990c). Baboon spiders: Tarantulas of Afri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiothele
''Idiothele'' is a genus of African tarantulas that was first described by J. Hewitt in 1919. it contains two species, both found in southern Africa: '' I. mira'' and '' I. nigrofulva''. See also * List of Theraphosidae species This page lists all described genera and species of the spider family Theraphosidae. , the World Spider Catalog accepts 1041 species in 156 genera: A ''Acanthopelma'' '' Acanthopelma'' F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 * '' Acanthopelma beccarii'' ... References Theraphosidae genera Spiders of Africa Theraphosidae {{Theraphosidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spinneret (spider)
A spinneret is a silk-spinning organ of a spider or the larva of an insect. Some adult insects also have spinnerets, such as those borne on the forelegs of Embioptera. Spinnerets are usually on the underside of a spider's opisthosoma, and are typically segmented. While most spiders have six spinnerets, some have two, four, or eight. They can move both independently and in concert. Most spinnerets are not simple structures with a single orifice producing a single thread, but complex structures of many microscopic spigots, each producing one filament. This produces the necessary orientation of the protein molecules, without which the silk would be weak and useless. Spigots can be singular or found in groups, which also permits spiders to combine multiple filaments in different ways to produce many kinds of silk for various purposes. Spinneret morphology can help arachnologists identify the taxon of a specimen and the specific morphology of a spigot can determine its use as well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthropod Leg
The arthropod leg is a form of jointed appendage of arthropods, usually used for walking. Many of the terms used for arthropod leg segments (called podomeres) are of Latin origin, and may be confused with terms for bones: ''coxa'' (meaning hip, plural ''coxae''), ''trochanter'', ''femur'' (plural ''femora''), ''tibia'' (plural ''tibiae''), ''tarsus'' (plural ''tarsi''), ''ischium'' (plural ''ischia''), ''metatarsus'', ''carpus'', ''dactylus'' (meaning finger), ''patella'' (plural ''patellae''). Homologies of leg segments between groups are difficult to prove and are the source of much argument. Some authors posit up to eleven segments per leg for the most recent common ancestor of extant arthropods but modern arthropods have eight or fewer. It has been argued that the ancestral leg need not have been so complex, and that other events, such as successive loss of function of a ''Hox''-gene, could result in parallel gains of leg segments. In arthropods, each of the leg segments ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
