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Attus
''Attus'' is a taxon name that is now considered a junior synonym of '' Salticus''. In the early 19th century, most jumping spiders were grouped together as a single genus under the name ''Attus''. The genus was originally described in 1805 by Charles Walckenaer, only a year after Pierre Latreille described the first jumping spider genus (or subgenus), ''Salticus''. Walckenaer, ignoring Latreille, placed all of the spiders assigned to ''Salticus'' into his new genus, ''Attus'', with the exception of '' Aranea cinnaberinus'', which he placed into ''Eresus''. No further actions were taken regarding these genera until 1810, when Latreille moved '' Attus scenicus'' back to ''Salticus'' by declaring it as the type species for the genus. Over the course of the 19th century, numerous new genera were split off of ''Attus'', reducing the number of species assigned to the genus considerably. In 1832, Nicholas Marcellus Hentz detached the genera '' Lyssomanes'', ''Synemosyna'', and '' Epib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticus Scenicus
The zebra jumping spider (''Salticus scenicus'') is a common jumping spider of the Northern Hemisphere. Their common name refers to their vivid black-and-white colouration, whilst their scientific name derives from ''Salticus'' from the Latin for “dancing”, in reference to their agility, and the Greek ''scenicus'', translating to “theatrical” or “of a decorative place,” in reference to the flashy, zebra-like coloration of the species. Description Female zebra spiders are 5–9 mm long, while males are 5–6 mm. Male zebra spiders have distinctly larger chelicerae than females. Spiders in the family Salticidae have especially enlarged anterior median eyes (AME), though the anterior and posterior lateral eyes (ALE, PLE) are also large when compared to the very small posterior median eyes (PME). In total there are eight eyes, with the very large anterior median eyes primarily responsible for its excellent binocular vision. These small spiders are black with whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticus
''Salticus'' (from Latin “''saltus''” – leap or jump) is a genus (biology), genus of the family Salticidae (the jumping spiders). ''Salticus'' is the type genus for the family Salticidae. Description Coloration is determined by various scales (modified Seta, setae) covering a brown or black integument. Narrow scales (or hairs) may be black or red/rust colored, while broad scales are either iridescent (often magenta or green) or opaque granular white or yellow. Several common species have a dorsal pattern of black narrow scales and white granular scales arranged in transverse stripes, especially on the Spider anatomy, abdomen, from which the common name “zebra spiders” originates, e.g. Holarctic ''Zebra spider, Salticus scenicus'' (Clerck, 1757). Some ''Salticus'' species in the Southwestern US and Mexico have red and white transverse stripes on the abdomen, e.g. ''Salticus palpalis'' (Banks, 1904). Some lack the “zebra” stripes completely and have both dorsal abdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epiblemum
''Salticus'' (from Latin “''saltus''” – leap or jump) is a genus of the family Salticidae (the jumping spiders). ''Salticus'' is the type genus for the family Salticidae. Description Coloration is determined by various scales (modified setae) covering a brown or black integument. Narrow scales (or hairs) may be black or red/rust colored, while broad scales are either iridescent (often magenta or green) or opaque granular white or yellow. Several common species have a dorsal pattern of black narrow scales and white granular scales arranged in transverse stripes, especially on the abdomen, from which the common name “zebra spiders” originates, e.g. Holarctic ''Salticus scenicus'' (Clerck, 1757). Some ''Salticus'' species in the Southwestern US and Mexico have red and white transverse stripes on the abdomen, e.g. ''Salticus palpalis'' (Banks, 1904). Some lack the “zebra” stripes completely and have both dorsal abdomen and cephalothorax covered with iridescent scales, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyssomanes
''Lyssomanes'' is a spider genus of the family Salticidae (jumping spiders), ranging from South and Central America, up to the southern United States. There have been described 94 extant and two fossil species from the Neotropical Region. The genera ''Lyssomanes'', '' Chinoscopus'', '' Hindumanes'', and ''Sumakuru'' make up the Lyssomaninae, which is one of the six deeply-diverging subfamilies of jumping spiders. They are long-legged, with translucent bodies frequently green or yellow. They resemble lynx spiders, except that they have large anterior median eyes. Habitat ''Lyssomanes'' are typically found in foliage in mesic habitats. Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: *''Lyssomanes adisi'' Logunov, 2002 – Brazil *''Lyssomanes amazonicus'' Peckham, Peckham & Wheeler, 1889 – Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana *''Lyssomanes anchicaya'' Galiano, 1984 – Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia *''Lyssomanes antillanus'' Peckham, Peckham & Whee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Marcellus Hentz
Nicholas Marcellus Hentz (July 25, 1797 – November 4, 1856) was a French American educator and arachnologist. Biography Hentz was born in Versailles, France. He was the youngest child of Charles Nicholas Arnould Hentz and Marie-Anne Therese Daubree Hentz. He studied medicine and learned the art of miniature painting in Paris. His father was an active Republican and participant in the French Revolution. Upon the restoration of the Bourbons in 1815, his father was banished from France. So, in 1816, Marcellus immigrated with his family to the United States, where they settled in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. He taught French and miniature painting in Boston, Philadelphia, and other places. He became a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP) in 1819. His illustrations were published in their journal. Among these illustrations are three well known watercolors, two of which are of freshwater fish from Alabama (painted in 1847) and one is a miniature of Hentz's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Bonnet (naturalist)
Pierre Bonnet (1 September 1897 Villefranche-de-Rouergue – 16 August 1990) was a French arachnologist who wrote ''Bibliographia Araneorum'', an immense work (6,481 pages) listing publications on spiders. It was the result of forty years of work. Pierre Bonnet was the son of Eugène Bonnet, a college teacher, and Clotilde, daughter of the comte (count) Jean-Baptiste de Villeneuve. He studied in Vic-Bigorrein the Hautes-Pyrénées before being called up for military service in January 1916. He was demobilized in April 1919 with the Croix de Guerre. He resumed his studies in Montpellier and Toulouse where he graduated in zoology in 1922. He then became a preparator at the University of Toulouse where he will pass all his career, retiring in 1962 as a senior lecturer. His thesis, written in 1930, was devoted to the development, the phenomenon of ecdysis, autotomy and regeneration in the spiders, mainly in the European species of the genus ''Dolomedes''. Bonnet published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Ludwig Koch
Carl Ludwig Koch (21 September 1778 – 23 August 1857) was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was responsible for classifying a great number of spiders, including the Brazilian whiteknee tarantula and common house spider. He was born in Kusel, Germany, and died in Nuremberg, Germany. Carl Ludwig Koch was an inspector of water and forests. His principal work ''Die Arachniden'' (1831–1848) (16 volumes) was commenced by Carl Wilhelm Hahn (1786–1836). Koch was responsible for the last 12 volumes. He also finished the chapter on spiders in ''Faunae insectorum germanicae initia oder Deutschlands Insecten'' lements of the insect fauna of Germanya work by Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer (1755–1829). He also co-authored, with Georg Karl Berendt, an important monograph ''Die im Bernstein befindlichen Myriapoden, Arachniden und Apteren der Vorwelt'' (1854) on arachnids, myriapods, and wingless insects in amber based on material in Berendt's collection, now held in the Muse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Jakob Sundevall
Carl Jakob Sundevall (22 October 1801, Högestad – 2 February 1875) was a Swedish zoologist. Sundevall studied at Lund University, where he became a Ph.D. in 1823. After traveling to East Asia, he studied medicine, graduating as Doctor of Medicine in 1830. He was employed at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm from 1833, and was professor and keeper of the vertebrate section from 1839 to 1871. He wrote ''Svenska Foglarna'' (1856–87) which described 238 species of birds observed in Sweden. He classified a number of birds collected in southern Africa by Johan August Wahlberg. In 1835, he developed a phylogeny for the birds based on the muscles of the hip and leg that contributed to later work by Thomas Huxley. He then went on to examine the arrangement of the deep plantar tendons in the bird's foot. This latter information is still used by avian taxonomists. Sundevall was also an entomologist and arachnologist, for which (for the latter field) in 1833 he publish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synemosyna
''Synemosyna'' is a genus of ant mimicking jumping spiders that was first described by Nicholas Marcellus Hentz in 1846. Species it contains twenty species, found in the Caribbean, Central America, South America, the United States, and Mexico: *''Synemosyna americana'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1885) – Mexico to Venezuela *''Synemosyna ankeli'' Cutler & Müller, 1991 – Colombia *''Synemosyna aschnae'' Makhan, 2006 – Suriname *''Synemosyna aurantiaca'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1917) – Colombia, Brazil, Argentina *''Synemosyna decipiens'' ( O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) – Mexico, Guatemala *''Synemosyna edwardsi'' Cutler, 1985 – Mexico to Costa Rica *'' Synemosyna formica'' Hentz, 1846 ( type) – USA *''Synemosyna hentzi'' Peckham & Peckham, 1892 – Brazil *''Synemosyna invemar'' Cutler & Müller, 1991 – Colombia *''Synemosyna lauretta'' Peckham & Peckham, 1892 – Brazil, Argentina *''Synemosyna lucasi'' ( Taczanowski, 1871) – Colombia to Peru and Guyana *''Synemosyna maddis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's Linnaean taxonomy, system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard de Jussieu, Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first mad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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