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Array (music)
In music, a tone row or note row (german: Reihe or '), also series or set, is a non-repetitive ordering of a set of pitch-classes, typically of the twelve notes in set theory (music), musical set theory of the chromatic scale, though both larger and smaller sets are sometimes found. History and usage Tone rows are the basis of Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique and most types of serialism, serial music. Tone rows were widely used in 20th-century contemporary music, like Dmitri Shostakovich's use of twelve-tone rows, "without dodecaphonic transformations." A tone row has been identified in the A minor prelude, BWV 889, from book II of Johann Sebastian Bach, J.S. Bach's ''The Well-Tempered Clavier'' (1742) and by the late eighteenth century it is found in works such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Mozart's Milanese Quartets (Mozart)#Quartet No. 4 in C major, K. 157, C major String Quartet, K. 157 (1772), String Quartet No. 16 (Mozart), String Quartet in E-flat major, K. 428, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schoenberg - Variations For Orchestra Op
Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, ; ; 13 September 187413 July 1951) was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter. He is widely considered one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was associated with the expressionism, expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. As a Jewish composer, Schoenberg was targeted by the Nazi Party, which labeled his works as degenerate music and forbade them from being published. He immigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941. Schoenberg's approach, bοth in terms of harmony and development, has shaped much of 20th-century musical thought. Many composers from at least three generations have consciously extended his thinking, whereas others have passionately reacted against it. Schoenberg was known early in his career for simultaneously extending the traditionally opposed German German Romanticism, Romantic styles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
