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Arctic And Antarctic Research Institute
, image = , image_upright = , alt = , caption = , latin_name = , motto = , founder = , established = , mission = , focus = Research into the Arctic and Antarctica , president = , ceo = , chairman = , head_label = , head = , faculty = , adjunct_faculty = , staff = , key_people = , budget = , endowment = , debt = , num_members = , subsidiaries = , owner = Federal Service of Russia for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment , non-profit_slogan = , former_name = , location = , city = Saint Petersburg , state = , province = , country = Russia , coor = , address = , website www.aari.ru/main. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctic
The Arctic ( or ) is a polar regions of Earth, polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), Danish Realm (Greenland), Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia (Murmansk Oblast, Murmansk, Siberia, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Nenets Okrug, Novaya Zemlya), Sweden and the United States (Alaska). Land within the Arctic region has seasonally varying snow and sea ice, ice cover, with predominantly treeless permafrost (permanently frozen underground ice) containing tundra. Arctic seas contain seasonal sea ice in many places. The Arctic region is a unique area among Earth's ecosystems. The cultures in the region and the Arctic indigenous peoples have adapted to its cold and extreme conditions. Life in the Arctic includes zooplankton and phytoplankton, fish and marine mammals, birds, land animals, plants and human societies. Arctic land is bordered by the subarctic. De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Zubov
Nikolai or Nikolay is an East Slavic variant of the masculine name Nicholas. It may refer to: People Royalty * Nicholas I of Russia (1796–1855), or Nikolay I, Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855 * Nicholas II of Russia (1868–1918), or Nikolay II, last Emperor of Russia, from 1894 until 1917 * Prince Nikolai of Denmark (born 1999) Other people Nikolai * Nikolai Aleksandrovich (other) or Nikolay Aleksandrovich, several people * Nikolai Antropov (born 1980), Kazakh former ice hockey winger * Nikolai Berdyaev (1874-1948), Russian religious and political philosopher * Nikolai Bogomolov (born 1991), Russian professional ice hockey defenceman * Nikolai Bukharin (1888–1938), Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician * Nikolai Bulganin (1895-1975), Soviet politician and minister of defence * Nikolai Chernykh (1931-2004), Russian astronomer * Nikolai Dudorov (1906–1977), Soviet politician * Nikolai Dzhumagaliev (born 1952), Soviet serial killer * Nikolai Goc (bor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Lenin
The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet Union. The order was awarded to: * Civilians for outstanding services rendered to the State * Members of the armed forces for exemplary service * Those who promoted friendship and cooperation between people and in strengthening peace * Those with meritorious services to the Soviet state and society From 1944 to 1957, before the institution of a specific length of service medals, the Order of Lenin was also used to reward 25 years of conspicuous military service. Those who were awarded the titles "Hero of the Soviet Union" and " Hero of Socialist Labour" were also given the order as part of the award. It was also bestowed on cities, companies, factories, regions, military units, and ships. Various educational instituti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Service For Hydrometeorology And Environmental Monitoring Of Russia
The Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet) (russian: Федеральная служба по гидрометеорологии и мониторингу окружающей среды России (Росгидромет)) is a service in the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Russia) which carries out the functions of state property management and provision of public services in the field of hydrometeorology and related areas, monitoring of environmental environment pollution, public oversight of the work on modification of meteorological and other geophysical processes. History The date of creation of the Hydrometeorological Service of Russia is considered to be April 13 (25), 1834, when the Normal Magnetic Meteorological Observatory was established at the Mining Institute by decree of Emperor Nicholas I in St. Petersburg. Its establishment was the first step towards creating a regular network of geophysical observa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Ministers (Soviet Union)
The Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Совет министров СССР, r=Sovet Ministrov SSSR, p=sɐˈvʲet mʲɪˈnʲistrəf ɛsɛsɛˈsɛr; sometimes abbreviated to ''Sovmin'' or referred to as the ''Soviet of Ministers''), was the ''de jure'' government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), comprising the main executive and administrative agency of the USSR from 1946 until 1991. During 1946 the Council of People's Commissars was reorganized as the Council of Ministers. Accordingly, the People's Commissariats were renamed as Ministries. The council issued declarations and instructions based on and in accordance with applicable laws, which had obligatory jurisdictional power in all republics of the Union. However, the most important decisions were made by joint declarations with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Soviet Union (CPSU), which was ''de facto'' more powerful than the Council of Ministers. During 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrometeorological Service Of The USSR
The Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia (russian: Гидрометцентр России, ''Gidrometcentr Rossii'') is the national meteorological service in Russia, part of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. History It was founded in 1921 as the Meteorological Service of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. In 1929 it joined the Hydrometeorological Centre of the USSR. In accordance with Government Decree on the establishment of a single hydrometeorological Hydrometeorology is a branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies the transfer of water and energy between the land surface and the lower atmosphere. Hydrologists often use data provided by meteorologists. As an example, a meteorologist might ... service of January 1, 1930 was organized by the Central Weather Bureau, converted in 1936 into the Central Weather Institute (since 1943 - Central Institute of Forecasting). In 1965, the Central Institute of forecasts and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk (Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Geology Of The USSR
The Ministry of Geology (Mingeo; russian: Министерство геологии СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union. Established as Committee for Geology in 1939; renamed Ministry of Geology in 1946; responsible for the exploration and surveying of the geological resources of the USSR, the expansion of proven mineral reserves, and the development of new technology. In September 1987 the Ministry changed from union-republic ministry to all-union ministry. List of ministers ''Source'': * Ilya Malyshev (14.6.1946 - 11.4.1949) * Pyotr Zakharov (11.4.1949 - 15.3.1953) * Pyotr Antropov (31.8.1953 - 24.2.1962) * Aleksandr Sidorenko (27.2.1962 - 29.12.1975) * Yevgeny Kozlovsky (29.12.1975 - 17.7.1989) * Grigory Gabrielyants (17.7.1989 - 24.8.1991) References External links * * Geology Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geology
Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth sciences, including hydrology, and so is treated as one major aspect of integrated Earth system science and planetary science. Geology describes the structure of the Earth on and beneath its surface, and the processes that have shaped that structure. It also provides tools to determine the relative and absolute ages of rocks found in a given location, and also to describe the histories of those rocks. By combining these tools, geologists are able to chronicle the geological history of the Earth as a whole, and also to demonstrate the age of the Earth. Geology provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and the Earth's past climates. Geologists broadly study the properties and processes of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Directorate Of The Northern Sea Route
The Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route (russian: Главное Управление Северного Морского Пути , translit=Glavnoe upravlenie Severnogo morskogo puti), also known as Glavsevmorput or GUSMP (russian: ГУСМП), was a Soviet government organization in charge of the maritime Northern Sea Route, established in January 1932 and dissolved in 1964. History The organization traces its roots to AO Komseverput (russian: Комитет Северного морского пути , translit= Komitet Severnogo morskogo puti) or KSMP, a shipping company established by the Kolchak government in 1919 and subsequently nationalized by the Bolsheviks. In May 1931 AO Komseverput was reorganized into VO Glavkomseverput; the organization employed 35,000 men scattered all over Arctic, as well as a sizable staff in Moscow and in other mainland cities. A new office, Glavsevmorput, was established in December 1932 and absorbed VO Glavkomseverput in May 1933. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vesenkha
Supreme Board of the National Economy, Superior Board of the People's Economy, (Высший совет народного хозяйства, ВСНХ, ''Vysshiy sovet narodnogo khozyaystva'', VSNKh) was the superior state institution for management of the economy of the RSFSR and later of the Soviet Union. There were two institutions with this name, at different times, 1917–1932 and 1963–1965. 1917–1932 The VSNKh of the first period was the supreme organ of the management of the economy, mainly of the industry. Foundation The VSNKh was launched on December 5, 1917 through a decree of the Council of People's Commissars (Sovnarkom) and All-Russian Central Executive Committee of Soviets of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.Alec Nove, ''An Economic History of the USSR.'' New Edition. London: Penguin Books, 1989; pg. 42. Its stated purpose was to "plan for the organization of the economic life of the country and the financial resources of the government". It was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet And Russian Manned Drifting Ice Stations
A drifting ice station is a temporary or semi-permanent facility built on an Drift ice, ice floe. During the Cold War the Soviet Union and the United States maintained a number of stations in the Arctic Ocean on floes such as Fletcher's Ice Island for research and espionage, the latter of which were often little more than quickly constructed shacks. Extracting personnel from these stations proved difficult and in the case of the United States, employed early versions of the Fulton surface-to-air recovery system. Overview Soviet and Russian staffed drifting ice stations are research stations built on the ice of the high latitudes of the Arctic Ocean. They are important contributors to arctic exploration, exploration of the Arctic. The stations are named North Pole (NP; russian: Северный полюс, translit=Severny polyus, ), followed by an ordinal number: North Pole-1, etc. NP drift stations carry out the program of complex year-round research in the fields of oceanology, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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