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Aquaspirillum Itersonii
''Aquaspirillum'' (ak'wă-spī-ril'ŭm) is a genus of helical aerobic bacteria in the family ''Neisseriaceae'' that lives in freshwater. Taxonomy In 1832, the genus ''Spirillum'' was created and encompassed an array of helical bacteria. In 1957, the large genus was reviewed and narrowed to include 19 species based on morphology and a few other physiological characteristics. The genus ''Aquaspirillum'' was not created until 1973, when another review of ''Spirillum'' led to the division of the genus into ''Aquaspirillum'', ''Oceanospirillum'', and ''Spirillum''. Etymology The genus' name is a combination of several words. ''Aqua'' comes from Latin, meaning water; ''speîra'' comes from Greek, meaning a spiral; ''spirillum'' come from Neo-Latin, meaning a small spiral. Put together, the genus' name means "small water spiral." Species The new genus comprised the following 13 species when it was created: *'' Aquaspirillum anulus'' *'' Aquaspirillum aquaticum'' * ''Aquaspirill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aerobic Bacteria
Aerobic means "requiring air," in which "air" usually means oxygen. Aerobic may also refer to * Aerobic exercise, prolonged exercise of moderate intensity * Aerobics, a form of aerobic exercise * Aerobic respiration, the aerobic process of cellular respiration * Aerobic organism Aerobic means "requiring air," in which "air" usually means oxygen. Aerobic may also refer to * Aerobic exercise, prolonged exercise of moderate intensity * Aerobics, a form of aerobic exercise * Aerobic respiration, the aerobic process of cell ..., a living thing with an oxygen-based metabolism See also * Anaerobic (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquaspirillum Serpens
''Aquaspirillum serpens'' is a species of gram-negative bacteria in the family Neisseriaceae. Description The surface of the cell of ''Aquaspirillum serpens'' has clear structures which take the form of linear bands at intervals of 17-18.5 nanometers (nm). There is also a variety of different patterns of ridges which surround protein subunits at the cell margin. Most of these consist of thin lines towards the edge of the cell wall, but they can be a hexagonal shape. The ridges are usually around 16 nm apart. Flagella ''Aquaspirillum serpens'' is propelled by fewer than fifteen flagella at each of its poles, or ends. The basal body, or protein structure at the base of the flagellum, consists of two pairs of disk-like structures. All of these disks are within the outer membrane of the bacterium. The outer pair of disks are very close to each other; the outermost is 18 nm in diameter and the more inner is 21 nm in diameter. The inner pair of disks have some form of membrane, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidised in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor such as oxygen to produce large amounts of energy, to drive the bulk production of ATP. Cellular respiration may be described as a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions, which break large molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy. Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. The overall reaction occurs in a series of biochemical steps, some of which are redox reactions. Although cellular respiration is technically a combustion reaction, it is an unusual one because of the slow, controlled release of energy from the series of reactions. Nutrients that are commonly used by animal and plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen fixation is a chemical process by which molecular nitrogen (), with a strong triple covalent bond, in the air is converted into ammonia () or related nitrogenous compounds, typically in soil or aquatic systems but also in industry. Atmospheric nitrogen is molecular dinitrogen, a relatively nonreactive molecule that is metabolically useless to all but a few microorganisms. Biological nitrogen fixation or ''diazotrophy'' is an important microbials mediated process that converts dinitrogen (N2) gas to ammonia (NH3) using the nitrogenase protein complex (Nif). Nitrogen fixation is essential to life because fixed inorganic nitrogen compounds are required for the biosynthesis of all nitrogen-containing organic compounds, such as amino acids and proteins, nucleoside triphosphates and nucleic acids. As part of the nitrogen cycle, it is essential for agriculture and the manufacture of fertilizer. It is also, indirectly, relevant to the manufacture of all nitrogen chemical c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microaerophile
A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires environments containing lower levels of dioxygen than that are present in the atmosphere (i.e. < 21% O2; typically 2–10% O2) for optimal growth. A more restrictive interpretation requires the microorganism to be obligate in this requirement. Many microaerophiles are also capnophiles, requiring an elevated concentration of (e.g. 10% CO2 in the case of '' Campylobacter'' ). The original definitio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagellum
A flagellum (; ) is a hairlike appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are termed as flagellates. A microorganism may have from one to many flagella. A gram-negative bacterium ''Helicobacter pylori'' for example uses its multiple flagella to propel itself through the mucus lining to reach the stomach epithelium, where it may cause a gastric ulcer to develop. In some bacteria the flagellum can also function as a sensory organelle, being sensitive to wetness outside the cell. Across the three domains of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota the flagellum has a different structure, protein composition, and mechanism of propulsion but shares the same function of providing motility. The Latin word means " whip" to describe its lash-like swimming motion. The flagellum in archaea is called the archaellum to note its difference from the bacterial flagellum. Eukaryotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytoplasmic Membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane (PM) or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space). The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, made up of two layers of phospholipids with cholesterols (a lipid component) interspersed between them, maintaining appropriate membrane fluidity at various temperatures. The membrane also contains membrane proteins, including integral proteins that span the membrane and serve as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the outer (peripheral) side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes to facilitate interaction with the cell's environment. Glycolipids embedded in the outer lipid layer serve a similar purpose. The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells and organelles, being selectively permeable to ions a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polar Membrane
A polarized membrane is a lipid membrane that has a positive electrical charge on one side and a negative charge on another side, which produces the resting potential in living cells. Whether or not a membrane is polarized is determined by the distribution of dissociable protons and permeant ions inside and outside the membrane that travel ''passively'' through ion channel or ''actively'' via ion pump, creating an action potential An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell location rapidly rises and falls. This depolarization then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarize. Action potentials occur in several types of animal cells, .... See also * Membrane transporter References {{DEFAULTSORT:Polar Membrane Membrane biology Electrophysiology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterogeneous
Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts often used in the sciences and statistics relating to the uniformity of a substance or organism. A material or image that is homogeneous is uniform in composition or character (i.e. color, shape, size, weight, height, distribution, texture, language, income, disease, temperature, radioactivity, architectural design, etc.); one that is heterogeneous is distinctly nonuniform in at least one of these qualities. Heterogeneous Mixtures, in chemistry, is where certain elements are unwillingly combined and, when given the option, will separate. Etymology and spelling The words ''homogeneous'' and ''heterogeneous'' come from Medieval Latin ''homogeneus'' and ''heterogeneus'', from Ancient Greek ὁμογενής (''homogenēs'') and ἑτερογενής (''heterogenēs''), from ὁμός (''homos'', “same”) and ἕτερος (''heteros'', “other, another, different”) respectively, followed by γένος (''genos'', “kind”); - ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquaspirillum Psychrophilum
''Aquaspirillum'' (ak'wă-spī-ril'ŭm) is a genus of helical aerobic bacteria in the family ''Neisseriaceae'' that lives in freshwater. Taxonomy In 1832, the genus ''Spirillum'' was created and encompassed an array of helical bacteria. In 1957, the large genus was reviewed and narrowed to include 19 species based on morphology and a few other physiological characteristics. The genus ''Aquaspirillum'' was not created until 1973, when another review of ''Spirillum'' led to the division of the genus into ''Aquaspirillum'', ''Oceanospirillum'', and ''Spirillum''. Etymology The genus' name is a combination of several words. ''Aqua'' comes from Latin, meaning water; ''speîra'' comes from Greek, meaning a spiral; ''spirillum'' come from Neo-Latin, meaning a small spiral. Put together, the genus' name means "small water spiral." Species The new genus comprised the following 13 species when it was created: *'' Aquaspirillum anulus'' *'' Aquaspirillum aquaticum'' * ''Aquaspirill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquaspirillum Magnetotacticum
''Aquaspirillum'' (ak'wă-spī-ril'ŭm) is a genus of helical aerobic bacteria in the family ''Neisseriaceae'' that lives in freshwater. Taxonomy In 1832, the genus ''Spirillum'' was created and encompassed an array of helical bacteria. In 1957, the large genus was reviewed and narrowed to include 19 species based on morphology and a few other physiological characteristics. The genus ''Aquaspirillum'' was not created until 1973, when another review of ''Spirillum'' led to the division of the genus into ''Aquaspirillum'', ''Oceanospirillum'', and ''Spirillum''. Etymology The genus' name is a combination of several words. ''Aqua'' comes from Latin, meaning water; ''speîra'' comes from Greek, meaning a spiral; ''spirillum'' come from Neo-Latin, meaning a small spiral. Put together, the genus' name means "small water spiral." Species The new genus comprised the following 13 species when it was created: *'' Aquaspirillum anulus'' *'' Aquaspirillum aquaticum'' * ''Aquaspirill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquaspirillum Fasciculus
''Aquaspirillum fasciculus'' is a gram-negative freshwater rod in the genus ''Aquaspirillum ''Aquaspirillum'' (ak'wă-spī-ril'ŭm) is a genus of helical aerobic bacteria in the family ''Neisseriaceae'' that lives in freshwater. Taxonomy In 1832, the genus ''Spirillum'' was created and encompassed an array of helical bacteria. In 19 ...''. Description The species lives in freshwater and propels itself through flagella. Retrieved March 24, 2016 References Neisseriales Bacteria described in 1976 {{Betaproteobacteria-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
