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Apoclada
''Apoclada'' is a genus of Brazilian bamboo in the grass family). The only known species is ''Apoclada simplex'', found in the forests of southeastern Brazil (States of Santa Catarina, Paraná, and São Paulo).Renvoize, S. A. 1988. Hatschbach's Paraná Grass. 1–76. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew The genus was for many years thought to contain four species (''Apoclada cannavieira'', ''A. arenicola'', ''A. diversa'' & ''A. simplex'')McClure, F. 1973. Genera of Bamboos Native to the New World(Gramineae: Bambusoideae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 9: 1–148. Upon further examination and fieldwork at the collection locality, the single piece of material at the US National Herbarium from which ''A. diversa'' had been described, was found to be merely a deformed stem of ''A. simplex''Guala, G.F. 1992. All About ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) a monograph of the genus. Thesis presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida.Guala, G.F. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filgueirasia
''Filgueirasia'' is a genus of Brazilian bamboo in the grass family. Members of the genus were originally published as species of ''Apoclada'' and were classified in that genus for many years.McClure, F. 1973. Genera of Bamboos Native to the New World(Gramineae: Bambusoideae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 9: 1-148.Judziewicz, E.J., L.G. Clark, X. Londono, & M.J. Stein. 1999. American Bamboos. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DCGuala, G.F. 1992. All About ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) a monograph of the genus. Thesis presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida. Guala, G.F. 1995 A cladistic analysis and revision of the genus ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae:Bambusoideae). Systematic Botany 20(3): 207-223 Over time though, with revised concepts of morphological interpretation in the bamboos and the accumulation of strong molecular evidenceGuala, G.F., D. Bogler, J. Sadle and J. Francisco Ortega 2000. Molecular Evidence for polyphyly in the genus ''Apo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filgueirasia Cannavieira
''Filgueirasia'' is a genus of Brazilian bamboo in the grass family. Members of the genus were originally published as species of ''Apoclada'' and were classified in that genus for many years.McClure, F. 1973. Genera of Bamboos Native to the New World(Gramineae: Bambusoideae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 9: 1-148.Judziewicz, E.J., L.G. Clark, X. Londono, & M.J. Stein. 1999. American Bamboos. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DCGuala, G.F. 1992. All About ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) a monograph of the genus. Thesis presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida. Guala, G.F. 1995 A cladistic analysis and revision of the genus ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae:Bambusoideae). Systematic Botany 20(3): 207-223 Over time though, with revised concepts of morphological interpretation in the bamboos and the accumulation of strong molecular evidenceGuala, G.F., D. Bogler, J. Sadle and J. Francisco Ortega 2000. Molecular Evidence for polyphyly in the genus ''Apo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filgueirasia Arenicola
''Filgueirasia'' is a genus of Brazilian bamboo in the grass family. Members of the genus were originally published as species of ''Apoclada'' and were classified in that genus for many years.McClure, F. 1973. Genera of Bamboos Native to the New World(Gramineae: Bambusoideae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 9: 1-148.Judziewicz, E.J., L.G. Clark, X. Londono, & M.J. Stein. 1999. American Bamboos. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DCGuala, G.F. 1992. All About ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) a monograph of the genus. Thesis presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida. Guala, G.F. 1995 A cladistic analysis and revision of the genus ''Apoclada'' (Poaceae:Bambusoideae). Systematic Botany 20(3): 207-223 Over time though, with revised concepts of morphological interpretation in the bamboos and the accumulation of strong molecular evidenceGuala, G.F., D. Bogler, J. Sadle and J. Francisco Ortega 2000. Molecular Evidence for polyphyly in the genus ''Apo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bambusoideae Genera
Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, but it probably comes from the Dutch or Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay or Kannada. In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross-section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement. The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent. The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system. Certain species of bamboo can grow within a 24-hour period, at a rate of almost an hour (equivalent to 1 mm every 90 se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bamboo
Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, but it probably comes from the Dutch or Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay or Kannada. In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross-section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement. The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent. The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system. Certain species of bamboo can grow within a 24-hour period, at a rate of almost an hour (equivalent to 1 mm every 90 seco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bambusoideae
Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial plant, perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily (biology), subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, but it probably comes from the Dutch language, Dutch or Portuguese language, Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay language, Malay or Kannada language, Kannada. In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the Plant stem, stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross-section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement. The dicotyledonous woody plant, woody xylem is also absent. The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of Monocotyledon, monocots, including the Arecaceae, palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Poaceae Genera
The true grasses ( Poaceae) are one of the largest plant families, with around 12,000 species and roughly 800 genera. They contain, among others, the cereal crop species and other plants of economic importance, such as the bamboos, and several important weeds. Grasses probably originated in the understory of tropical rainforests in the Late Cretaceous, but have since come to occupy a wide range of different habitats. Notably, they are the dominant species in grasslands, open habitats that cover around one fifth of the earth's terrestrial surface. The C4 photosynthetic pathway has evolved at least 22 times independently in the grasses; C4 species are more competitive than C3 plants in open habitats with high light intensity and warm temperatures. The deeper relationships in the family have been resolved by recent molecular phylogenetic work. This has been translated into a modern classification which divides the grasses into twelve subfamilies and a number of tribes, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culm (botany)
A culm is the aerial (above-ground) stem of a grass or sedge. It is derived from Latin 'stalk', and it originally referred to the stem of any type of plant. In horticulture or agriculture, it is especially used to describe the stalk or woody stems of bamboo, cane or grain grasses. Malting In the production of malted grains, the culms refer to the rootlets of the germinated grains. The culms are normally removed in a process known as "deculming" after kilning when producing barley malt, but form an important part of the product when making sorghum or millet Millets () are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most species generally referred to as millets belong to the tribe Paniceae, but some millets al ... malt. These culms are very nutritious and are sold off as animal feed. References Plant morphology {{Botany-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Flora Of Brazil
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Floyd Alonzo McClure
Floyd Alonzo McClure (14 August 1897, Shelby County, Ohio – 15 April 1970, Bethesda, Maryland) was an American botanist and plant collector. He was one of the world's leading experts on bamboo and worked in China for 24 years. Biography McClure was educated at Otterbein College from 1914 to 1916. He transferred to Ohio State University, where he graduated with A.B. in 1918 and B.S. in agriculture in 1919. At Canton Christian College in Guangzhou, China, he was an instructor in horticulture from 1919 to 1923, an assistant professor of botany from 1923 to 1927, and curator of the herbarium from 1923 to 1927. In 1921 Kang-Peng To was the plant co-collector with McClure on Hainan Island. In 1927 the management of Canton Christian College was transferred from American to Chinese people, and the English name of the institution was changed to "Lingnan University". At Lingnan University, McClure was an assistant professor from 1927 to 1928, an associate professor from 1928 to 1931, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerrado
The ''Cerrado'' (, ) is a vast ecoregion of tropical savanna in eastern Brazil, particularly in the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, and the Federal District. The core areas of the Cerrado biome are the Brazilian highlands – the ''Planalto''. The main habitat types of the Cerrado consist of forest savanna, wooded savanna, park savanna and gramineous-woody savanna. The ''Cerrado'' also includes savanna wetlands and gallery forests. The second largest of Brazil's major habitat types, after the Amazonian rainforest, the Cerrado accounts for a full 21 percent of the country's land area (extending marginally into Paraguay and Bolivia). The first detailed European account of the Brazilian cerrados was provided by Danish botanist Eugenius Warming (1892) in the book ''Lagoa Santa'', : The above is the original. There are other, later French and Portuguese translations not listed here. in which he describes the main features of the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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