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Aoba (train)
is the name of a number of train services that formerly operated in Japan by Japanese National Railways (JNR), and most recently an all-stations service operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) until September 1997 on the high-speed Tōhoku Shinkansen in Japan. History Express The name ''Aoba'' (written as "青葉" – ''green leaves'') was first used from 20 November 1945 on an service between in Tokyo and on the Tōhoku Main Line. This continued until the train was renamed on 1 October 1965. Limited express The ''Aoba'' name (written as "あおば") was reintroduced from 20 March 1971 on Limited express services between and . These services were discontinued on 24 November 1975. Shinkansen From the start of services on the newly opened Tōhoku Shinkansen on 23 June 1982, ''Aoba'' was the name used for the all-stations shinkansen services operating initially between and Sendai, later between Ueno and Sendai, and eventually between and Sendai. Services initial ...
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Shinkansen
The , colloquially known in English as the bullet train, is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan. Initially, it was built to connect distant Japanese regions with Tokyo, the capital, to aid economic growth and development. Beyond long-distance travel, some sections around the largest metropolitan areas are used as a commuter rail network. It is operated by five Japan Railways Group companies. Over the Shinkansen's 50-plus-year history, carrying over 10 billion passengers, there has been not a single passenger fatality or injury on board due to derailments or collisions. Starting with the Tokaido Shinkansen () in 1964, the network has expanded to currently consist of of lines with maximum speeds of , of Mini-Shinkansen lines with a maximum speed of , and of spur lines with Shinkansen services. The network presently links most major cities on the islands of Honshu and Kyushu, and Hakodate on northern island of Hokkaido, with an extension to Sapporo under constru ...
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Tōhoku Region
The , Northeast region, or consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (''ken''): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata. Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region. History Ancient & Classical period In mythological times, the area was known as Azuma (吾妻, あづま) and corresponded to the area of Honshu occupied by the native Emishi and Ainu. The area was historically the Dewa and the Michinoku regions, a term first recorded in (654). There is some variation in modern usage of the term "Michinoku". Tōhoku's initial historical settlement occurred between the seventh and ninth centuries, well after Japanese civilization and culture had become firmly established in central and southwestern Japan. The last stronghold of the indigenous Emishi on Honshu and ...
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Nasuno
The is a train service operated on the Tōhoku Shinkansen by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan. It serves all stations between and , a medium-sized city approximately 225 km north of Tokyo.JR Timetable, December 2008 Origin The name ''Nasuno'' is derived from the and areas located alongside the Tōhoku Shinkansen between Utsunomiya and Kōriyama. Operations There are approximately 16 return ''Nasuno'' trains daily, starting/terminating either at , Nasushiobara, or Kōriyama. ''Nasuno'' services stop at all stations en route. Double-decker ''Nasuno'' services formed of E4 series sets also operated up until September 2012, named ''Max Nasuno''. Rolling stock * E2 series (since March 1997) * E3 series * E5 series (since November 2011) * E6 series (since 16 March 2013)JR Timetable, March 2013 = * 200 series (June 1982 – November 2011) * E1 series (''Max Yamabiko'') (July 1994 – December 1999) * E4 series (''Max Yamabiko'') (until 28 September ...
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Yamabiko
The is a high-speed Shinkansen train service operated on the Tōhoku Shinkansen between and by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan. Name The word ''yamabiko'' is usually translated as 'echo', particularly one which is heard in the mountains. Rolling stock * E2 series (since March 1997) * E3 series * E5 series (since November 2011) * E6 series (since 16 March 2013)JR Timetable, March 2013 = * 200 series (June 1982 – November 2011) * E1 series (''Max Yamabiko'') (July 1994 – December 1999) * E4 series (''Max Yamabiko'') (until 28 September 2012) issue * H5 series (since 26 March 2016) File:E2 J74 Yamabiko 216 Omiya 20110206.jpg, E2 series File:Shinkansen E3 komachi.JPG, E3 series File:JRE-TEC-E5 omiya.JPG, E5 series File:2013年1月20日E6系S12編成試運転.jpg, E6 series File:H5系 H1編成 仙台駅入線.JPG, H5 series Former rolling stock * 200 series (June 1982 – November 2011) * E1 series (''Max Yamabiko'') (July 1994 – De ...
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JR East
The is a major passenger railway company in Japan and is the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR-EAST or JR East in English, and as in Japanese. The company's headquarters are in Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo, and next to the Shinjuku Station. It is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange (it formerly had secondary listings in the Nagoya and Osaka stock exchanges), is a constituent of the TOPIX Large70 index, and is also one of the three only Japan Railways Group constituents of the Nikkei 225 index, the other being JR Central and JR West. History JR East was incorporated on 1 April 1987 after being spun off from the government-run Japanese National Railways (JNR). The spin-off was nominally "privatization", as the company was actually a wholly owned subsidiary of the government-owned JNR Settlement Corporation for several years, and was not completely sold to the public until 2002. Following the breakup, JR East ...
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200 Series Shinkansen
The was a Shinkansen high-speed train type introduced by Japanese National Railways (JNR) for the Tohoku Shinkansen and Joetsu Shinkansen high-speed rail lines in Japan, and operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) until 2013. They actually predated the 100 series trains, having been built between 1980 and 1986. It was one of the two recipients of the 23rd Laurel Prize presented by the Japan Railfan Club, the first Shinkansen type to receive that award. The last remaining sets were retired from regular service in March 2013, and were completely withdrawn from service in April 2013. Design The 200 Series Shinkansen trains resembled the earlier 0 series trains in styling (some later units had the pointed 'shark nose' of the 100 series), but were lighter and more powerful, since these two lines are mountain routes and have steeper gradients. These lines are also prone to snowfall and the trains had small snowplows fitted, as well as protection of equipment against snow. ...
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E1 Series (train)
The was a high-speed Shinkansen train type operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan from July 1994 until September 2012. They were the first double-deck trains built for Japan's Shinkansen. They were generally, along with their fellow Bilevel rail car, double-deck class the E4 series, known by the marketing name "Max" (Multi-Amenity eXpress). The fleet was withdrawn from regular service on 28 September 2012. Originally intended to be classified as 600 series, the E1 series trains were introduced specifically to relieve overcrowding on services used by commuters on the Tohoku Shinkansen and Joetsu Shinkansen. Operations E1 series sets were used on the following services. * Joetsu Shinkansen ** ''Asahi (train), Max Asahi'' (July 1994 – November 2002) ** ''Tanigawa (train), Max Tanigawa'' ** ''Toki (train), Max Toki'' (until 28 September 2012) * Tohoku Shinkansen ** ''Nasuno, Max Nasuno'' (until December 1999) **''Yamabiko, Max Yamabiko'' (July 1994 – Decem ...
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Japanese National Railways
The abbreviated JNR or , was the business entity that operated Japan's national railway network from 1949 to 1987. Network Railways As of June 1, 1949, the date of establishment of JNR, it operated of narrow gauge () railways in all 46 prefectures of Japan. This figure expanded to in 1981 (excluding Shinkansen), but later reduced to as of March 31, 1987, the last day of JNR. JNR operated both passenger and freight services. Shinkansen Shinkansen, the world's first high-speed railway was debuted by JNR in 1964. By the end of JNR in 1987, four lines were constructed: ; Tōkaidō Shinkansen: , completed in 1964 ; Sanyō Shinkansen: , completed in 1975 ; Tōhoku Shinkansen: , as of 1987 ; Jōetsu Shinkansen: , completed in 1982 Buses JNR operated bus lines as feeders, supplements or substitutions of railways. Unlike railway operation, JNR Bus was not superior to other local bus operators. The JR Bus companies are the successors of the bus operation of JNR. Ships JNR o ...
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East Japan Railway Company
The is a major passenger railway company in Japan and is the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR-EAST or JR East in English, and as in Japanese. The company's headquarters are in Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo, and next to the Shinjuku Station. It is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange (it formerly had secondary listings in the Nagoya Stock Exchange, Nagoya and Osaka Exchange, Osaka stock exchanges), is a constituent of the TOPIX Large70 index, and is also one of the three only Japan Railways Group constituents of the Nikkei 225 index, the other being Central Japan Railway Company, JR Central and West Japan Railway Company, JR West. History JR East was incorporated on 1 April 1987 after being spun off from the government-run Japanese National Railways (JNR). The spin-off was nominally "privatization", as the company was actually a wholly owned subsidiary of the government-owned Japanese National Railway Settlement ...
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Tōhoku Shinkansen
The is a Japanese high-speed Shinkansen rail line, connecting Tokyo with Aomori in Aomori Prefecture in a route length of , making it Japan's longest Shinkansen line. It runs through the more sparsely populated Tōhoku region of Japan's main island, Honshu, and was extended as the Hokkaido Shinkansen through the Seikan Tunnel to (this section opened March 2016) and is expected to be extended to Sapporo by 2030. It has two Mini-shinkansen branch lines, the Yamagata Shinkansen and Akita Shinkansen. The line is operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). Services There are four services in operation: * ''Hayabusa'', Tokyo – Shin-Aomori/Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto limited-stop, starting 5 March 2011 * '' Hayate'', Morioka/Shin-Aomori - Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto limited-stop, starting 26 March 2016 (the name has been in use since 1 December 2002) * ''Yamabiko'', Tokyo – Sendai limited-stop, and all-stations to Morioka, starting June 1982 * ''Nasuno'', Tokyo – Oyama/Nas ...
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Tōhoku Main Line
The Tōhoku Main Line ( ja, 東北本線, ) is a long railway line in Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The line starts from Tokyo Station in Chiyoda, Tokyo and passes through such cities as Saitama, Utsunomiya, Fukushima, and Sendai, before reaching the end of the line in Morioka. The line originally extended to Aomori, but was truncated upon the extension of the Tōhoku Shinkansen beyond Morioka, which mostly parallels the Tōhoku Main Line. A portion of the Tōhoku Main Line is also shared with the Keihin–Tōhoku Line ( between Tokyo Station and Ōmiya Station in Ōmiya-ku, Saitama) and the Saikyō Line ( between Akabane Station in the Kita ward of Tokyo and Ōmiya Station). The long portion of the line between Tokyo Station and Kuroiso Station in Nasushiobara, Tochigi is referred to by JR East as the Utsunomiya Line, and the remaining section is referred to as the Tōhoku Line in regular service. Because of the difference in electrification so ...
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Limited Express
A limited express is a type of express train service. It refers to an express service that stops at a limited number of stops in comparison to other express services on the same or similar routes. Japan The term "limited express" is a common translation of the Japanese compound noun ; literally "special express"; often abbreviated as . Although some operators translate the word differently, this section is about ''tokubetsu kyūkō'' trains in Japan regardless of the translation by the operators. This term also includes terms with ''limited express'' in them, such as . There are two types of limited express trains: intercity and commuter. The former type of limited express trains generally use long-distance coaches, equipped better than other ordinary express trains, including reserved seating, dining cars or food and beverage carts, and "green cars" (first class cars). The latter type of limited express train usually incurs no surcharge, but seating is usually first-come, f ...
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