Al-Qadi Abd Al-Jabbar
ʿAbd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad ibn ʿAbd al-Jabbar al-Hamadani al-Asadabadi, Abu ʿl-Hasan (935 – 1025) was a Muʿtazila, Mu'tazilite theologian, and a reported follower of the Shafi‘i school. Abd al-Jabbar means "servant of the powerful." He was born in Asadabad, Iran, Asadabad near Hamadan, Iran. He settled in Baghdad, until he was invited to Rey, Iran, Rey in 367 Hijri year, AH/978 CE by its governor, Sahib ibn Abbad, a staunch supporter of the Mu'tazila. He was appointed chief Qadi of the province. On the death of ibn 'Abbad in 995 CE, Abd al-Jabbar was deposed and arrested by the Buyid Amir, Fakhr al-Dawla, because of a slighting remark made by him about his deceased benefactor. He died later in 415 Anno Hegirae, AH/1025 CE. His comprehensive "summa" of speculative theology, the ''Mughni'', presented Mu`tazili thought under the two headings of God's oneness (tawhid) and his justice (adl). He argued that the Ashʿari, Ash'arite separation between the eternal speech of God and the ...
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Muʿtazila
Muʿtazila ( ar, المعتزلة ', English: "Those Who Withdraw, or Stand Apart", and who called themselves ''Ahl al-ʿAdl wa al-Tawḥīd'', English: "Party of ivineJustice and Oneness f God); was an Islamic group that appeared in early Islamic history and were known for their neutrality in the dispute between Alī and his opponents after the death of the third caliph, Uthman. By the 10th century CE the term had also come to refer to an Islamic school of speculative theology (kalām) that flourished in Basra and Baghdad (8th–10th century).Mutazilah
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Encyclopaedia Britannica

''. The later Mu'tazila school developed an