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Al-Muqanna
Hashim (Arabic/Persian: هاشم), better known as al-Muqanna‘ ( ar, المقنع "The Veiled", died c. 783.) was leader of an anti Islamic revolt who claimed to be a prophet, and founded a religion which was a mixture of Zoroastrianism and Islam. He was a chemist, and one of his experiments caused an explosion in which a part of his face was burnt. For the rest of his life he used a veil and thus was known as "al-Muqanna‘ ("The Veiled One"). Said Nafisi and Amir-Hossein Aryanpour have written about him in the " Khorrām-Dīnān" armies. Name and early life Before he came to be known by the nickname of "al-Muqanna‘, he was called by his birth name, Hashim. Early scholars believed that he was born in Sogdia. However, it is now agreed that he originally came from Balkh, a city close to Sogdia in modern day northern Afghanistan. Biography Of Iranian stock, Hāshem was from Balkh, originally a clothes pleater. He became a commander for Abu Muslim of the Greater Khorasan provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khurramites
The Khurramites ( fa, خرمدینان ''Khorram-Dīnân'', meaning "those of the Joyful Religion") were an IranianW. Madelung, "Khurrammiya" in ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianchi, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Excerpt: "Khurrammiya or Khurramdiniyya refers in the Islamic sources to the religious movement founded by Mazdak in the late 5th century A.D. and to various anti-Arab sects which developed out of it under the impact of certain extremist Shi'i doctrines." religious and political movement with its roots in the Zoroastrian sect founded by Mazdak. An alternative name for the movement is the ''Muḥammira'' ( ar, محمرة, "Red-Wearing Ones"; in fa, سرخجامگان ''Sorkh-Jâmagân''), a reference to their symbolic red dress. The Qizilbash (''"Red-Heads"'') of the 16th century – a religious and political movement in Azerbaijan that helped to establish the Safavid dynasty – were r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Muslim
, image = Abu Muslim chastises a man for telling tales, Folio from the Ethics of Nasir (Akhlaq-e Nasiri) by Nasir al-Din Tusi (fol. 248r).jpg , caption = "Abu Muslim chastises a man for telling tales," Folio from the ''Ethics of Nasir'' (''Akhlaq-e Nasiri'') by Nasir al-Din Tusi. Copy created in Lahore between 1590–1595 , birth_name = Unknown birth name, possibly Behzadan, or Ibrahim , birth_date = 718/19 or 723/27 , birth_place = Merv or Isfahan , death_date = 755 , death_place = Al-Mada'in, Iraq , death_cause = , resting_place = , resting_place_coordinates = , known_for = Abbasid Revolution , title = Abbasid governor of Khurasan , term = 748–755 , predecessor = Nasr ibn Sayyar (as Umayyad governor) , successor = , spouse = , partner = , children = , parents = , relatives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arabs, Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard Prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as First language, mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babak Khorramdin
, native_name_lang = , birth_date = 795 or 798 , birth_place = Ardabil, Abbasid Caliphate , spouse = Banu , death_date = probably 7 January 838 (age 40 or 43) , death_place = Samarra, Abbasid Caliphate , years_active = 23 years , known_for = Leader of the Khorram-Dinān , opponents = Abbasid Caliphate Bābak Khorramdin (Persian: بابک خرمدین, ''Bābak-e Khorramdin'', from Middle Persian ''"Pāpak"''/''"Pābag"'', meaning ''"Young Father"''; 795 or 798 – January 838) was one of the main Iranian revolutionary leaders of the Iranian Khorram-Dinān ("Those of the joyous religion"), which was a local freedom movement fighting the Abbasid Caliphate. Khorramdin appears to be a compound analogous to ''dorustdin'' "orthodoxy" and ''Behdin'' "Good Religion" (Zoroastrianism), and are considered an offshoot of neo-Mazdakism. Babak's Iranianizing rebellion, from its base in Azerbaijan in northwestern Iran, called for a return of the polit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veiled Prophet Ball
The Veiled Prophet Parade and Ball was a yearly civic celebration in St. Louis, Missouri, over which a mythical figure called the ''Veiled Prophet'' presided. The first events were in 1878. Overview The parade and ball were organized and funded by the Veiled Prophet Organization, an all-male, secret society founded in 1878 by prominent St. Louisans. The organization chooses one member to be a ''Veiled Prophet'' who conducts meetings and oversees activities but not necessarily for one year, spokesman Allyn Glaub said in 1991. They were a highly select group culled from the area's business, civic and governmental leaders, "the people who run St. Louis and St. Louis County." At that time the organization was racially mixed. Historian Thomas Spencer believes that the event generally revealed rather than soothed class conflicts.Spencer, pp. 45–46 Spencer wrote that the VP parade was created in part to displace the parades regularly held by the trade unions. Spencer believed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debutante
A debutante, also spelled débutante, ( ; from french: débutante , "female beginner") or deb is a young woman of aristocratic or upper-class family background who has reached maturity and, as a new adult, is presented to society at a formal "debut" ( , ; french: début, links=no ) or possibly debutante ball. Originally, the term meant that the woman was old enough to be married, and part of the purpose of her coming out was to display her to eligible bachelors and their families, with a view to marriage within a select circle. Austria Vienna, Austria, still maintains many of the institutions that made up the social, courtly life of the Habsburg Empire. One of those is the most active formal ball season in the world. From 1 January to 1 March, no less than 28 formal balls, with a huge variety of hosts, are held in Vienna. Many are for specific nationalities, like the Russian Ball or the Serbian Saint Sava ball; social groups like the Hunter's Ball or Verein Grünes Kreuz b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fair Saint Louis
Fair St. Louis is an annual festival held during the United States Independence Day holiday in downtown St. Louis, Missouri, at the Gateway Arch National Park. It is funded by the Veiled Prophet Organization. History The event originally named "V.P. Fair" was a successor to the Veiled Prophet Parade,">Jo Mannies, "Profits of Change: VP Fair Revises Name to Broaden Appeal," ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch,'' September 24, 1994, image 2 which began as a St. Louis civic celebration in 1878. The first V.P. Fair took place in 1981. "The name 'Fair St. Louis' is expected to be marketable to all parts of the country," said Craig Kaminer, a spoke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Villiers Stanford
Sir Charles Villiers Stanford (30 September 1852 – 29 March 1924) was an Anglo-Irish composer, music teacher, and conductor of the late Romantic music, Romantic era. Born to a well-off and highly musical family in Dublin, Stanford was educated at the University of Cambridge before studying music in University of Music and Theatre Leipzig, Leipzig and Berlin. He was instrumental in raising the status of the Cambridge University Musical Society, attracting international stars to perform with it. While still an undergraduate, Stanford was appointed organist of Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1882, aged 29, he was one of the founding professors of the Royal College of Music, where he taught composition for the rest of his life. From 1887 he was also Professor of Music (Cambridge), Professor of Music at Cambridge. As a teacher, Stanford was sceptical about modernism, and based his instruction chiefly on classical principles as exemplified in the music of Johannes Brahms, Brahms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Veiled Prophet (opera)
''The Veiled Prophet'' is an 1877 romantic opera in three acts by Charles Villiers Stanford to a libretto by William Barclay Squire based on the 1817 poem "The Veiled Prophet of Khorassan" (Lalla Rookh) by Thomas Moore. It was first performed in Hanover in 1881, in German. Its sole British performance was given in Italian at the Royal Opera House, London, in 1893, and its first performance in its original English version was at the Wexford Festival in 2019. The opera depicts the tyranny of Mokanna, the hideously disfigured veiled prophet, and his overthrow by the young warrior Azim. Unlike the source poem, the opera ends happily with Azim and his love Zelika united. Background and premieres The libretto is based on Moore's poem "The Veiled Prophet of Khorassan", but the original story is not adhered to in every detail, particularly at the denouement: in the opera the heroine, Zelika, is restored to her lover Azim, instead of being killed by him in mistake for the false prophet. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Moore
Thomas Moore (28 May 1779 – 25 February 1852) was an Irish writer, poet, and lyricist celebrated for his ''Irish Melodies''. Their setting of English-language verse to old Irish tunes marked the transition in popular Irish culture from Irish to English. Politically, Moore was recognised in England as a press, or " squib", writer for the aristocratic Whigs; in Ireland he was accounted a Catholic patriot. Married to a Protestant actress and hailed as "Anacreon Moore" after the classical Greek composer of drinking songs and erotic verse, Moore did not profess religious piety. Yet in the controversies that surrounded Catholic Emancipation, Moore was seen to defend the tradition of the Church in Ireland against both evangelising Protestants and uncompromising lay Catholics. Longer prose works reveal more radical sympathies. The ''Life and Death of Lord Edward Fitzgerald'' depicts the United Irish leader as a martyr in the cause of democratic reform. Complementing Maria Edgewort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lalla-Rookh
''Lalla Rookh'' is an Oriental romance by Irish poet Thomas Moore, published in 1817. The title is taken from the name of the heroine of the frame tale, the (fictional) daughter of the 17th-century Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. The work consists of four narrative poems with the connecting tale in prose. The name Lalla Rookh or Lala-Rukh ( fa, لاله رخ ''laleh rox/rukh'') is an endearment frequently used in Persian poetry. Name and background The name Lalla Rookh or Lala-Rukh ( fa, لاله رخ ''laleh rox'' or ''rukh''), means "tulip-cheeked" and is an endearment frequently used in Persian poetry. Lalla Rookh has also been translated as "rosy-cheeked"; however, the first word derives from the Persian word for tulip, ''laleh'', and a different word, ''laal'', means rosy, or ruby. Tulips were first cultivated in Persia, probably in the 10th century, and remain a powerful symbol in Iranian culture, and the name Laleh is a popular girl's name. ''Rukh'' also translates as "fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career of Napoleon Bonaparte, successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars, Revolutionary Wars. He was the ''de facto'' leader of the First French Republic, French Republic as First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 and again in Hundred Days, 1815. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy endures to this day, as a highly celebrated and controversial leader. He initiated many liberal reforms that have persisted in society, and is considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His wars and campaigns are studied by militaries all over the world. Between three and six million civilians and soldiers Napoleonic Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
