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Aibling
Bad Aibling () is a spa town and former district seat in Bavaria on the river Mangfall, located some southeast of Munich. It features a luxury health resort with a peat pulp bath and mineral spa. History Bad Aibling and its surroundings were settled by Celtic tribes from about 500BC until 15BC. After Roman occupation, it was finally settled by Bavarii tribes in the 5th century AD. In 804 Bad Aibling was mentioned for the first time as "Epininga". In mediaeval times, it was an administrative centre in the lordship of the Counts of Falkenstein. In 1166 it was mentionead in the Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis as "Aibilingen". After the obliteration of the Neuburg-Falkenstein dynasty, it became part of the realm of the Wittelsbach family. In 1845 the first treatments with peat pulp were offered by the physician Desiderius Beck. Bad Aibling received the title "Bad" (spa or springs) in 1895. In the year 1933, Bad Aibling officially became a town. After the Second Wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bad Aibling Rail Accident
On 9 February 2016, two Meridian-branded passenger trains had a head-on collision at Bad Aibling, Germany. Of approximately 150 people on board the two trains, 12 people died and 85 others were injured, of which 24 seriously. Two months after the accident, investigators announced that it had been caused by the responsible Deutsche Bahn train dispatcher who gave incorrect orders to the two trains while distracted by a game he was playing on his mobile phone. The dispatcher further compounded his error when, upon realizing it, he tried to send emergency codes to the trains but entered the wrong combination into his computer. Accident The collision occurred at 06:46:56 CET (05:46:56 UTC) on the single-track Mangfall Valley Railway (german: Mangfalltalbahn) on a curve between the stations of Kolbermoor and Bad Aibling-Kurpark close to the Bad Aibling sewage works in Bavaria. , a total of 11 people had died, including several railway employees, among which both train drivers. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Station 81
The Bad Aibling Station (BAS), also known as the 18th United States Army Security Agency Field Station, Field station 81, and Hortensie III is a satellite tracking station operated by the German SIGINT agency BND from nearby ''Mangfall Barracks'' in Bad Aibling, Bavaria. Created by the Western Allies in 1947, it had been operated by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) until the early 2000s as operations have been transferred to the BND at Bad Aibling Station closure. As part of the global surveillance network ECHELON, Bad Aibling used to be one of the larger listening posts outside the USA and equalled its counterparts RAF Menwith Hill (UK), the Joint Defence Facility Pine Gap (AUS) and CFS Leitrim (CDN). History In 1936 a military airfield was established by the German National Socialist government at the site of a sport airfield in Bad Aibling-Mietraching. After the Second World War, troops of the United States Army seized the military airport ("Fliegerhorst" and flig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desiderius Beck
Desiderius Beck (January 12, 1804 – August 11, 1877) was a royal Bavarian court physician. In 1845 he opened the first Bavarian brine and mud bathing establishment in Bad Aibling on Rosengasse, which later became Ludwigsbad. Beck failed due to a lack of entrepreneurial skills and the general rejection of the Aiblingen population. It was not until 1857 that the railway began to supply Bad Aibling with visitors that the entrepreneur Karl von Berüff took up Beck's idea. His bathing establishment was named Ludwigsbad in 1871 in honor of the King of Bavaria. The recognition of Beck's services to Bad Aibling was delayed; he received honorary citizenship of the city in 1875, only two years before his death. In 2007, his concept of a combination of mud and brine therapy was resumed with the opening of the Bad Aibling thermal baths. Before that, peat pulp bath {{Refimprove, date=May 2010 A peat pulp bath is a bath prepared of peat pulp from wetlands. Balneotherapy in form of peat pul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwigsbad
The former spa hotel Ludwigsbad in Bad Aibling was Bavaria’s first peat pulp spa and the world’s first saline peat pulp health resort. Its origins date back to a "Soolen- und Moorschlamm-Badeanstalt" founded by the royal Bavarian court physician Desiderius Beck in 1845. History 19th century In the middle of the 19th century, the spa was the centre of Bad Aibling's health resort A destination spa or health resort is a resort centered on a spa, such as a mineral spa. Historically, many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral springs; in the era before modern biochemical knowledge and ... business. Despite this, it got into economic difficulties, which were solved when the spa was taken over by the entrepreneur Karl von Berüff."Zur Gründungszeit eine Weltneuheit". Oberbayerisches Volksblatt. 24. September 2011. https://www.ovb-online.de/rosenheim/bad-aibling/gruendungszeit-eine-weltneuheit-1418813.html (in German) File:Ludwigsbad 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Eikonal
Operation Eikonal is a collaboration between the National Security Agency (NSA) and ''Bundesnachrichtendienst'' (BND) for the sharing of telephony and internet data captured in Germany. It is based on an agreement that dates to 2002, and is part of the NSA operation "RAMPART-A". Surveillance started in 2003, telephony data was collected from 2004 onwards, and all internet traffic from the Deutsche Telekom (DT) switching center in Frankfurt was captured starting in 2005. To obtain the data, the BND and DT worked together. The agents rented two rooms in the DT data center in Frankfurt where the fiber optic data cable owned by DT was spliced into, and a copy of the data was captured. DT received 6000 euros monthly for its role in giving access to data. A filtering program named ''Dafis'' was used to prevent the sharing of data from German citizens; however, that filter was estimated to be only 95% effective, meaning that 5% of data was obtained in breach of Germany's constitution ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ECHELON
ECHELON, originally a secret government code name, is a surveillance program (signals intelligence/SIGINT collection and analysis network) operated by the five signatory states to the UKUSA Security Agreement:Given the 5 dialects that use the terms, UKUSA can be pronounced from "You-Q-SA" to "Oo-Coo-SA", AUSCANNZUKUS can be pronounced from "Oz-Can-Zuke-Us" to "Orse-Can-Zoo-Cuss". :From Talk:UKUSA Agreement: "Per documents officially released by both the Government Communications Headquarters and the National Security Agency, this agreement is referred to as the UKUSA Agreement. This name is subsequently used by media sources reporting on the story, as written in new references used for the article. The NSA press release provides a pronunciation guide, indicating that "UKUSA" should not be read as two separate entities.(National Security Agency)" Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, also known as the Five Eyes. Created in the late 196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts Of Falkenstein (Bavaria)
The counts of Falkenstein (from 1125 referred to as counts of Falkenstein-Neuburg) were a medieval noble dynasty from Bavaria. The family flourished under the rule of the Hohenstaufen emperors. Properties The counts of Falkenstein had their oldest possessions in the upper Vils valley near Taufkirchen and the valley of the Inn river (in the present-day Rosenheim district of Upper Bavaria). At the heights of their powers they controlled a wide region extending into Tyrol, in the Mangfall valley, as well as in the Chiemgau region and modern Lower Austria. According to the ''Codex Falkensteinensis'' urbarium compiled in 1166, major domiciles of the Falkenstein counts were the ancestral seat of Falkenstein über dem Inn (near Flintsbach) as well as the castles of Neuburg (near Vagen), Hartmannsberg in Chiemgau (near Bad Endorf), and Hernstein in Lower Austria. Later acquisitions included Altenburg (in present-day Feldkirchen-Westerham), Herantstein in Upper Austria, and Antwu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangfall
The Mangfall is a river of Upper Bavaria, Germany. The Mangfall is the outflow of the Tegernsee lake and discharges in Rosenheim from the left into the Inn. It is long. Towns and villages on the Mangfall * Gmund am Tegernsee * Valley * Weyarn * Grub (district of Valley) * Feldkirchen-Westerham * Feldolling * Bruckmühl * (district of Bruckmühl) * (district of Bruckmühl) * Bad Aibling * Kolbermoor * Rosenheim See also *List of rivers of Bavaria A list of rivers of Bavaria, Germany: A * Aalbach * Abens * Ach * Afferbach *Affinger Bach *Ailsbach * Aisch * Aiterach *Alpbach * Alster * Altmühl * Alz *Amper * Anlauter * Arbach *Arbachgraben *Aschaff * Aschbach *Attel * Aubach, tributary of ... References External links bike trail along the MangfallFlux of the Mangfall in Rosenheim during the last 30 days {{Authority control Rivers of Bavaria Miesbach (district) Rosenheim (district) Rivers of Germany ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peat Pulp Bath
{{Refimprove, date=May 2010 A peat pulp bath is a bath prepared of peat pulp from wetlands. Balneotherapy in form of peat pulp baths is offered in many health resorts. History Paracelsus described "moor" as a remedy for certain diseases. Later, soldiers of Napoleon learnt about peat pulp and mud baths in Egypt and brought this knowledge to Europe. Jérôme Bonaparte, Napoleon's brother gave command to erect the first health resort with peat applications for his troops after the Battle of Leipzig in Bad Nenndorf. However, an earlier peat pulp resort has been alleged to have existed in Bad Pyrmont in 1802. In the 19th century, peat pulp resorts have been founded in many European health resorts including Marienbad (1813), Franzensbad (1827), Karlsbad (1836) and Bad Aibling (1845). See also *Balneotherapy * Bath salts *Mud-bath *Peloid Peloid is mud, or clay used therapeutically, as part of balneotherapy, or therapeutic bathing. Peloids consist of humus and minerals formed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Security Agency
The National Security Agency (NSA) is a national-level intelligence agency of the United States Department of Defense, under the authority of the Director of National Intelligence (DNI). The NSA is responsible for global monitoring, collection, and processing of information and data for foreign and domestic intelligence and counterintelligence purposes, specializing in a discipline known as signals intelligence (SIGINT). The NSA is also tasked with the protection of U.S. communications networks and information systems. The NSA relies on a variety of measures to accomplish its mission, the majority of which are clandestine. The existence of the NSA was not revealed until 1975. The NSA has roughly 32,000 employees. Originating as a unit to decipher coded communications in World War II, it was officially formed as the NSA by President Harry S. Truman in 1952. Between then and the end of the Cold War, it became the largest of the U.S. intelligence organizations in terms of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Diplomaticus Falkensteinensis
The Codex Falkensteinensis (also referred to as Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis or Liber traditionum comitatus Neuenburg-Falkenstein) is an important medieval manuscript. It was written in 1166 as a feud directory and urbarium by Canons of the Herrenchiemsee monastery, commissioned by the Counts of Neuburg-Falkenstein. Composed at the Neuburg castle near Vagen it is considered the only preserved secular codex from the Hohenstaufen era, the oldest extant book of conveyances from a secular lordship and the oldest European family archive. The original Latin version is preserved in the archives of the Bavarian state, a second Middle High German edition is lost. Historical and legal significance The Codex Falkensteinensis, written in medieval Latin, lists possessions and estates of the Counts of Falkenstein, covering a large area between the Bavarian Mangfall valley, today's South Tyrol and Lower Austria, in addition to the dynasty's core countries in the Inn and Vils valleys.P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Zone Of Occupation
Germany was already de facto occupied by the Allies from the real fall of Nazi Germany in World War II on 8 May 1945 to the establishment of the East Germany on 7 October 1949. The Allies (United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and France) asserted joint authority and sovereignty at the 1945 Berlin Declaration. At first, defining Allied-occupied Germany as all territories of the former German Reich before Nazi annexing Austria; however later in the 1945 Potsdam Conference of Allies, the Potsdam Agreement decided the new German border as it stands today. Said border gave Poland and the Soviet Union all regions of Germany (eastern parts of Pomerania, Neumark, Posen-West Prussia, Free City of Danzig, East-Prussia & Silesia) east of the Oder–Neisse line and divided the remaining "Germany as a whole" into the four occupation zones for administrative purposes under the three Western Allies (the United States, the United Kingdom, and France) and the Soviet Union. Although ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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