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Aeronautical Telecommunication Network
The Aeronautical Telecommunication Network Doc. 9880-AN/466. . 13 December 2007 (ATN) is an that allows ground/ground, air/ground, and avionic data subnetworks to interoperate by adopting common interface services and protocols based on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ICAO
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO, ) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates the principles and techniques of international air navigation, and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ICAO headquarters are located in the '' Quartier International'' of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The ICAO Council adopts standards and recommended practices concerning air navigation, its infrastructure, flight inspection, prevention of unlawful interference, and facilitation of border-crossing procedures for international civil aviation. ICAO defines the protocols for air accident investigation that are followed by transport safety authorities in countries signatory to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation. The Air Navigation Commission (ANC) is the technical body within ICAO. The commission is composed of 19 commissioners, nominated by the ICAO's contracting states and appo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internetwork
Internetworking is the practice of interconnecting multiple computer networks, such that any pair of hosts in the connected networks can exchange messages irrespective of their hardware-level networking technology. The resulting system of interconnected networks are called an ''internetwork'', or simply an ''internet''. The most notable example of internetworking is the Internet, a network of networks based on many underlying hardware technologies. The Internet is defined by a unified global addressing system, packet format, and routing methods provided by the Internet Protocol. The term ''internetworking'' is a combination of the components ''inter'' (between) and ''networking''. An earlier term for an internetwork is catenet, a short-form of ''(con)catenating networks''. Interconnection of networks Internetworking started as a way to connect disparate types of networking technology, but it became widespread through the developing need to connect two or more local area network ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Systems Architecture
A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and more views of a system. An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the structures and behaviors of the system. A system architecture can consist of system components and the sub-systems developed, that will work together to implement the overall system. There have been efforts to formalize languages to describe system architecture, collectively these are called architecture description languages (ADLs). Overview Various organizations can define systems architecture in different ways, including: * The fundamental organization of a system, embodied in its components, their relationships to each other and to the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution. * A representation of a system, including a mapping of functionality onto hardware and software components, a mapping of the soft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Organization For Standardization
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in Article 3 of the ISO Statutes. ISO was founded on 23 February 1947, and (as of November 2022) it has published over 24,500 international standards covering almost all aspects of technology and manufacturing. It has 809 Technical committees and sub committees to take care of standards development. The organization develops and publishes standardization in all technical and nontechnical fields other than electrical and electronic engineering, which is handled by the IEC.Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. 3 June 2021.International Organization for Standardization" ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 2022-04-26. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and works in 167 countries . The three official languages of the ISO are English, Fren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Systems Interconnection
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that 'provides a common basis for the coordination of [ISO] standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection'. In the OSI reference model, the communications between a computing system are split into seven different abstraction layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. The model partitions the flow of data in a communication system into seven abstraction layers to describe networked communication from the physical implementation of transmitting bits across a media (communication), communications medium to the highest-level representation of data of a distributed application. Each intermediate layer serves a class of functionality to the layer above it and is served by the layer below it. Classes of functionality are realized in all software development through all and any standardized communication protocols. Each layer in the OSI model has its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pan-European Network Service
The Pan-European Network Service (PENS) is a telecommunications network established (in 2009) by several European Air Navigation Service Providers with support of EUROCONTROL with a view to build transport infrastructure. PENS do provide a common IP-based network service across the European region covering voice and data communication and providing efficient support to existing services and new requirements that are emerging from future Air Traffic Management (ATM) concepts. On 14 January 2016, EUROCONTROL hosted a major meeting to move forward with the implementation of NewPENS. NewPENS, which will build on the success of the current Pan-European Network Services (PENS) infrastructure, aims to become the means of ground-to-ground communication for all connections between all ATM stakeholders across Europe. See also * Pan European Networks (marketing agency) References Further readingPENS Eurocontrol web site [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft Communications Addressing And Reporting System
In aviation, ACARS (; an acronym for Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System) is a digital datalink system for transmission of short messages between aircraft and ground stations via airband radio or satellite. The protocol was designed by ARINC and deployed in 1978, using the Telex format. More ACARS radio stations were added subsequently by SITA. History of ACARS Prior to the introduction of datalink in aviation, all communication between the aircraft and ground personnel was performed by the flight crew using voice communication, using either VHF or HF voice radios. In many cases, the voice-relayed information involved dedicated radio operators and digital messages sent to an airline teletype system or successor systems. Further, the hourly rates for flight and cabin crew salaries depended on whether the aircraft was airborne or not, and if on the ground whether it was at the gate or not. The flight crews reported these times by voice to geographically disper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DO-219
DO-219 is a communications standard published by RTCA, Incorporated. It contains Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for aircraft equipment required for Air Traffic Control (ATC) Two-Way Data Link Communications (TWDL) services. TWDL Services are one element of Air Traffic Services Communication (ATSC). ATSC addressing requirements are supported by the Context Management (CM) Service. The Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN) provides the media and protocols to conduct data link Air Traffic Services Communication. Outline of Contents #Purpose and Scope #Performance requirements and Test Procedures #Installed Equipment Performance #Operational Characteristics *Appendix A: ATC Two-Way Data Link Communications Message Set *Appendix B: ATC Two-Way Data Link Communications Data Structures Glossary *Appendix C: An Overview of the Packed encoding Rules ISO PDIS 8825-2; PER Unaligned *Appendix D: A Guide for Encoding and Decoding the RTCA SC-169 Message Set for ATC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DO-232
DO-232 is an air traffic control software standard published by RTCA, Incorporated. Flight Information Services (FIS) is defined as the non-control information needed by pilots to operate in the US National Airspace System (NAS) and internationally. The timely, efficient exchange of FIS data is required for safety, efficiency and utility in aircraft operations. Pilots, flight planners (e.g., pilots, dispatchers, schedulers), and controllers all need accurate, timely FIS data to plan (or re-plan) and assess the execution of flight operations. Outline of contents #Introduction #FIS Data Link - Concepts and Needs #FIS Data Link in the FANS CNS/ATM Environment #System Architecture and Implementation Considerations #Current FIS Data Link Products and Plans #Summary and Recommendations *Appendix A: The National Aviation Weather Users Forum *Appendix B: Operational Descriptions of Initial FIS Request/Reply Data Link Products *Appendix C: Additional Details of Some of the Various C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Future Air Navigation System
The Future Air Navigation System (FANS) is an avionics system which provides direct data link communication between the pilot and the air traffic controller. The communications include air traffic control clearances, pilot requests and position reporting. In the FANS-B equipped Airbus A320 family aircraft, an Air Traffic Services Unit (ATSU) and a VHF Data Link radio (VDR3) in the avionics rack and two data link control and display units (DCDUs) in the cockpit enable the flight crew to read and answer the controller–pilot data link communications (CPDLC) messages received from the ground. Overview of FANS The world's air traffic control system still uses components defined in the 1940s following the 1944 meeting in Chicago which launched the creation of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). This traditional ATC system uses analog radio systems for aircraft Communication, navigation and surveillance (CNS). Air traffic control's ability to monitor aircraft was being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft Instruments
Flight instruments are the instruments in the cockpit of an aircraft that provide the pilot with data about the flight situation of that aircraft, such as altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, heading and much more other crucial information in flight. They improve safety by allowing the pilot to fly the aircraft in level flight, and make turns, without a reference outside the aircraft such as the horizon. Visual flight rules (VFR) require an airspeed indicator, an altimeter, and a compass or other suitable magnetic direction indicator. Instrument flight rules (IFR) additionally require a gyroscopic pitch-bank (artificial horizon), direction (directional gyro) and rate of turn indicator, plus a slip-skid indicator, adjustable altimeter, and a clock. Flight into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) require radio navigation instruments for precise takeoffs and landings. The term is sometimes used loosely as a synonym for cockpit instruments as a whole, in which context it ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avionics
Avionics (a blend word, blend of ''aviation'' and ''electronics'') are the Electronics, electronic systems used on aircraft. Avionic systems include communications, Air navigation, navigation, the display and management of multiple systems, and the hundreds of systems that are fitted to aircraft to perform individual functions. These can be as simple as a searchlight for a police helicopter or as complicated as the tactical system for an airborne early warning platform. History The term "avionics" was coined in 1949 by Philip J. Klass, senior editor at ''Aviation Week & Space Technology'' magazine as a portmanteau of "aviation electronics". Radio communication was first used in aircraft just prior to World War I. The first Airborne radio relay, airborne radios were in zeppelins, but the military sparked development of light radio sets that could be carried by heavier-than-air craft, so that aerial reconnaissance biplanes could report their observations immediately in case ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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