Adrien Viguier
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Adrien Viguier
Adrien Viguier, (born Joseph Étienne Adrien Viguier; 20 January 1805 – 10 December 1884,) pen name Adrien Delaville, was a 19th-century French writer, playwright, and literary critic. Works *1825: ''Le Sacre de Charlemagne'', Ladvocat *1838: ''Chérubin, ou le Page de Napoléon'', comédie-vaudeville in 2 acts, by MM. Edmond de Biéville, Adrien Viguier, and Adrien Payn Adrien Henri Payn (Paris, 30 July 1800 – Montévrain, 3 October 1855) was a 19th-century French novelist and playwright. His plays were presented on the most important Parisian stages of the 19th-century, including the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comi ...... Paris, Ambigu-comique, 10 October 1835, Marchant *1827: ''Traité de la traduction, ou L'art de traduire le latin en français'', 23 p., Édition : Paris : Brunot-LabbeText online*1842: ''Roger'', pseudonym Adrien Delaville *1844: ''Régine'', Au Comptoir des imprimeurs-unis *1844: ''Le Dernier des touristes, humour'', by Adrien Delaville, H. Souverain *18 ...
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Béziers
Béziers (; oc, Besièrs) is a Subprefectures in France, subprefecture of the Hérault Departments of France, department in the Occitania (administrative region), Occitanie Regions of France, region of Southern France. Every August Béziers hosts the famous ''Feria de Béziers'', which is centred on bullfighting. A million visitors are attracted to the five-day event. The town is located on a small Cliff, bluff above the river Orb (river), Orb, about from the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast and southwest of Montpellier. At Béziers, the Canal du Midi passes over the river Orb by means of the ''Orb Aqueduct, Pont-canal de l'Orb'', an Navigable aqueduct, aqueduct claimed to be the first of its kind. History Béziers is one of the oldest cities in France. Research published in March 2013 shows that Béziers dates from 575 BC, making it older than Agde (Greek Agathe Tyche, founded in 525 BC) and a bit younger than Marseille (Greek Massalia, founded in 600 BC ...
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Nice
Nice ( , ; Niçard: , classical norm, or , nonstandard, ; it, Nizza ; lij, Nissa; grc, Νίκαια; la, Nicaea) is the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of nearly 1 millionDemographia: World Urban Areas
, Demographia.com, April 2016
on an area of . Located on the , the southeastern coast of France on the , at the foot of the

Pen Name
A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name. A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise the author's gender, to distance the author from their other works, to protect the author from retribution for their writings, to merge multiple persons into a single identifiable author, or for any of a number of reasons related to the marketing or aesthetic presentation of the work. The author's real identity may be known only to the publisher or may become common knowledge. Etymology The French-language phrase is occasionally still seen as a synonym for the English term "pen name", which is a "back-translation" and originated in England rather than France. H. W. Fowler and F. G. Fowler, in ''The King's English'' state that the term ''nom de plume'' evolv ...
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Playwright
A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes plays. Etymology The word "play" is from Middle English pleye, from Old English plæġ, pleġa, plæġa ("play, exercise; sport, game; drama, applause"). The word "wright" is an archaic English term for a craftsman or builder (as in a wheelwright or cartwright). The words combine to indicate a person who has "wrought" words, themes, and other elements into a dramatic form—a play. (The homophone with "write" is coincidental.) The first recorded use of the term "playwright" is from 1605, 73 years before the first written record of the term "dramatist". It appears to have been first used in a pejorative sense by Ben Jonson to suggest a mere tradesman fashioning works for the theatre. Jonson uses the word in his Epigram 49, which is thought to refer to John Marston: :''Epigram XLIX — On Playwright'' :PLAYWRIGHT me reads, and still my verses damns, :He says I want the tongue of epigrams ; :I have no salt, no bawdry he doth mea ...
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Literary Critic
Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of literature's goals and methods. Though the two activities are closely related, literary critics are not always, and have not always been, theorists. Whether or not literary criticism should be considered a separate field of inquiry from literary theory is a matter of some controversy. For example, the ''Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism'' draws no distinction between literary theory and literary criticism, and almost always uses the terms together to describe the same concept. Some critics consider literary criticism a practical application of literary theory, because criticism always deals directly with particular literary works, while theory may be more general or abstract. Literary criticism is often published in essay or book form. Academic literary ...
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Edmond De Biéville
Edmond de Biéville, full name Charles-Henri-Étienne-Edmond Desnoyers de Biéville, (30 May 1814 – 1 January 1880 ) was a French journalist and playwright. The poet Fernand Desnoyers (1826-1869) was his brother. A student at the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1832, he made his debut in the vaudeville under the pseudonyme Edmond de Biéville Created from the name of his mother ''née'' Anne-Raison Leduc de Biéville. Although Edmond Biéville, unlike his brothers, had transmitted to his descendants the surname ''Desnoyers de Biéville'', there is no official record of changing his birth name ''Desnoyers''. He was responsible for writing the theatrical reports for the newspaper '' Le Siècle'' from 1856 until his death. Works Theatre * 1836: ''L'Homéopathie'', comédie en vaudevilles in 1 act by Biéville and Narcisse Fournier, Gymnase-Dramatique (13 October) * 1837: ''Sans nom ! ou Drames et Romans'', mystère-folie-vaudeville in 1 act by Biéville and ...
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Adrien Payn
Adrien Henri Payn (Paris, 30 July 1800 – Montévrain, 3 October 1855) was a 19th-century French novelist and playwright. His plays were presented on the most important Parisian stages of the 19th-century, including the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, the Théâtre du Gymnase-Dramatique and the Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin. In collaboration with Benjamin Antier and Polyanthe, Payn authored the famous drama ''l’Auberge des Adrets''. Payn was the mayor of the city of Montévrain from 1848 to 1854. He died aged 55. Works *1823: ''La Cousine supposée'', comedy in 1 act and in prose, with René Perin and Villard *1828: ''Roc l'exterminateur'', melodrama comique in 3 acts, with Théodore Nézel *1831: ''Le Tir et le restaurant'', comédie-vaudeville in 1 act, with Nézel and Armand Joseph Overnay *1831: ''Le Watchman'', drama in 3 acts and 6 tableaux, with Benjamin Antier and Overnay *1832: ''Marie-Rose, ou la Nuit de Noël'', three-act drama, with Saint-Amand *1835: '' ...
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19th-century French Novelists
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the la ...
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19th-century French Dramatists And Playwrights
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the la ...
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French Literary Critics
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Fortnite French places Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), 2008 * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a particular type of military jacket or tunic used in the Russian Empire and Soviet Union * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French catheter scale, a unit of measurement of diameter * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss involving the tongue See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French ...
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Knights Of The Legion Of Honour
A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a head of state (including the Pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church or the country, especially in a military capacity. Knighthood finds origins in the Greek ''hippeis'' and ''hoplite'' (ἱππεῖς) and Roman '' eques'' and ''centurion'' of classical antiquity. In the Early Middle Ages in Europe, knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors. During the High Middle Ages, knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility. By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior. Often, a knight was a vassal who served as an elite fighter or a bodyguard for a lord, with payment in the form of land holdings. The lords trusted the knights, who were skilled in battle on horseback. Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship (and especially the joust) from its origins in the 12 ...
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1805 Births
Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short story ''God's Dice'' * ''Eighteen'' (film), a 2005 Canadian dramatic feature film * 18 (British Board of Film Classification), a film rating in the United Kingdom, also used in Ireland by the Irish Film Classification Office * 18 (''Dragon Ball''), a character in the ''Dragon Ball'' franchise * "Eighteen", a 2006 episode of the animated television series ''12 oz. Mouse'' Music Albums * ''18'' (Moby album), 2002 * ''18'' (Nana Kitade album), 2005 * '' 18...'', 2009 debut album by G.E.M. Songs * "18" (5 Seconds of Summer song), from their 2014 eponymous debut album * "18" (One Direction song), from their 2014 studio album ''Four'' * "18", by Anarbor from their 2013 studio album '' Burnout'' * "I'm Eighteen", by Alice Cooper common ...
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