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Acta Chemica Scandinavica
''Acta Chemica Scandinavica'' was a peer-reviewed Nordic scientific journal in the fields of chemistry. The journal was established in 1947 and was jointly managed during 53 years from beginning of 1947 until end of 1999 by the chemical societies in Denmark ( The Danish Chemical Society), Finland ( Finnish Chemical Societies), Norway ( The Norwegian Chemical Society) and Sweden ( The Swedish Chemical Society). The journal was jointly owned by the four chemical societies through ''the Publishing Association Acta Chemica Scandinavica''. The Swedish Chemical Society managed the administration of the Publishing Association at their Secretariat in Stockholm. When making citations or references to articles in ''Acta Chemica Scandinavica'' the abbreviation ''Acta Chem. Scand.'' is used. Background During the turbulent years after World War II, it was difficult for Nordic scientists to publish results from fundamental chemical research in magazines with international recognition. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a Chemical reaction, reaction with other Chemical substance, substances. Chemistry also addresses the nature of chemical bonds in chemical compounds. In the scope of its subject, chemistry occupies an intermediate position between physics and biology. It is sometimes called the central science because it provides a foundation for understanding both Basic research, basic and Applied science, applied scientific disciplines at a fundamental level. For example, chemistry explains aspects of plant growth (botany), the formation of igneous rocks (geology), how atmospheric ozone is formed and how environmental pollutants are degraded (ecology), the properties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peer Review
Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review methods are used to maintain quality standards, improve performance, and provide credibility. In academia, scholarly peer review is often used to determine an academic paper's suitability for publication. Peer review can be categorized by the type of activity and by the field or profession in which the activity occurs, e.g., medical peer review. It can also be used as a teaching tool to help students improve writing assignments. Henry Oldenburg (1619–1677) was a German-born British philosopher who is seen as the 'father' of modern scientific peer review. Professional Professional peer review focuses on the performance of professionals, with a view to improving quality, upholding standards, or providing certification. In academia, peer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pekka Pyykkö
Veli Pekka Pyykkö (born 12 October 1941) is a Finnish academic. He was professor of Chemistry at the University of Helsinki. From 2009–2012, he was the chairman of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. He is known for his extension to the periodic table of elements, known as the Pyykkö model. Pyykkö model After the 118 elements now known, Pekka Pyykkö predicts that the orbital shells will fill up in this order: *8s, *5g, *the first two spaces of 8p, *6f, *7d, *9s, *the first two spaces of 9p, *the rest of 8p. He also suggests that period 8 be split into three parts: *8a, containing 8s, *8b, containing the first two elements of 8p, *8c, containing 7d and the rest of 8p. The compact version: Pekka Pyykkö successfully predicted the possibility of a chemical bond between gold and the noble gas xenon, which is usually inert; this bond is known to occur in the cationic complex tetraxenonogold(II) (). He also successfully predicted the possibility of a g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lennart Eberson
Lennart Eugén Eberson, (5 January 1933 – 1 February 2000) was a Swedish chemist. Eberson graduated with a Ph.D. degree in 1959 from Lund University with a thesis entitled "Studies in the Succinic and Glutaric Acid Series". From 1979 until his retirement in 1998, he was Professor of organic chemistry at Lund University. He authored several books, including the text books ''Introduktion till den organiska kemin'' (1965) and ''Organisk kemi'' (1970; 2nd edition 1977). He was elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1974, and to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1988. Family Lennart Eberson was son of shop manager Ebbe Eberson and Margit Eberson, née Fardrup. Married in 1957 to Anne-Marie Hansson, daughter of accountant Hilding Hansson and Margareta Hansson, née Lundgren. Sources *''Vem är det ''Vem är det'', with the subtitle ''Svensk biografisk handbok'', is a Swedish " Who's Who" biographical reference publication which has been pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sven Furberg
Sven Verner Furberg (16 April 1920 – 15 March 1983) was a Norwegian chemist, biologist, and crystallographer who first proposed a helical structure for DNA. Furberg suggested a single-chain helical structure in 1949, which he referred to as a "zig-zag" chain. In 1952, his structure of DNA was published in the journal Acta Chemica Scandinavica. In this paper, he deduced that DNA forms a helix from the crystal structure and density value of nucleosides and other related molecules. A year later, this paper was cited by James Watson and Francis Crick Francis Harry Compton Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. He, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin, and Maurice Wilkins played crucial roles in deciphering the helical struc ... in ''Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid''. 1920 births 1983 deaths Norwegian chemists {{Norway-scientist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odd Hassel
Odd Hassel (17 May 1897 – 11 May 1981) was a Norwegian physical chemist and Nobel Laureate. Biography Hassel was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. His parents were Ernst Hassel (1848–1905), a gynaecologist, and Mathilde Klaveness (1860–1955). In 1915, he entered the University of Oslo where he studied mathematics, physics and chemistry, and graduated in 1920. Victor Goldschmidt was Hassel's tutor when he began studies in Oslo, while Heinrich Jacob Goldschmidt, Victor's father, was Hassel's thesis advisor. Father and son were important figures in Hassel's life and they remained friends. After taking a year off from studying, he went to Munich, Germany to work in the laboratory of Professor Kasimir Fajans. His work there led to the detection of absorption indicators. After moving to Berlin, he worked at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, where he began to do research on X-ray crystallography. He furthered his research with a Rockefeller Fellowship, obtained with the hel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen (; 15 January 1895 – 11 November 1973) was a Finnish chemist and recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method". He invented AIV silage which improved milk production and a method of preserving butter, the AIV salt, which led to increased Finnish butter exports. Personal life Artturi Ilmari Virtanen was born on 15 January, 1895, in Helsinki, Finland the son of Kaarlo Virtanen, a railway engine driver, and his wife, Serafina Isotalo. He completed his school education at the Classical Lyceum in Viipuri, Finland. He married the botanist Lilja Moisio (1894-1972) in 1920 and had two sons with her. In 1933 he bought a farm near Helsinki where he tested some of his scientific results in practice. He saw in the overproduction of food only a temporary phenomenon. He loved the simple life, never had a car of his own, never smoked and never ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aktiebolag
''Aktiebolag'' (, " stock company") is the Swedish term for "limited company" or "corporation". When used in company names, it is abbreviated AB (in Sweden), Ab (in Finland), or, rarely, A/B (dated), roughly equivalent to the abbreviations ''Ltd.'' and '' PLC''. The state authority responsible for registration of aktiebolag in Sweden is called the Swedish Companies Registration Office. Sweden All ''aktiebolag'' are divided into two categories: private limited companies and public limited companies. The name of a private limited company may not contain the word ''publikt'' ("public") and the name of a public limited company may not contain the word ''privat'' or ''pvt.'' ("private"). Public A public limited company (''publikt aktiebolag'') is legally denoted as "AB (publ.)" in Sweden or "Abp" in Finland. A Swedish public limited company must have a minimum share capital of 500,000 Swedish kronor and its shares can be offered to the general public on the stock market. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limited Company
In a limited company, the liability of members or subscribers of the company is limited to what they have invested or guaranteed to the company. Limited companies may be limited by Share (finance), shares or by guarantee. In a company limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the unpaid value of shares. In a company limited by guarantee, the liability of owners is limited to such amount as the owners may undertake to contribute to the assets of the company, in the event of being wound up. The former may be further divided in public companies (public limited company, public limited companies) and private companies (private limited company, private limited companies). Who may become a member of a private limited company is restricted by law and by the company's rules. In contrast, anyone may buy shares in a public limited company. Limited companies can be found in most countries, although the detailed rules governing them vary widely. It is also common for a distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corporation
A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law "born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and recognized as such in law for certain purposes. Early incorporated entities were established by charter (i.e. by an ''ad hoc'' act granted by a monarch or passed by a parliament or legislature). Most jurisdictions now allow the creation of new corporations through registration. Corporations come in many different types but are usually divided by the law of the jurisdiction where they are chartered based on two aspects: by whether they can issue stock, or by whether they are formed to make a profit. Depending on the number of owners, a corporation can be classified as ''aggregate'' (the subject of this article) or '' sole'' (a legal entity consisting of a single incorporated office occupied by a single natural person). One of the most att ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shareholder
A shareholder (in the United States often referred to as stockholder) of a corporation is an individual or legal entity (such as another corporation, a body politic, a trust or partnership) that is registered by the corporation as the legal owner of shares of the share capital of a public or private corporation. Shareholders may be referred to as members of a corporation. A person or legal entity becomes a shareholder in a corporation when their name and other details are entered in the corporation's register of shareholders or members, and unless required by law the corporation is not required or permitted to enquire as to the beneficial ownership of the shares. A corporation generally cannot own shares of itself. The influence of a shareholder on the business is determined by the shareholding percentage owned. Shareholders of a corporation are legally separate from the corporation itself. They are generally not liable for the corporation's debts, and the shareholders' liabil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenner-Gren Center
Wenner-Gren Center is a tower and building complex in Vasastaden, Stockholm, Sweden. The building was constructed 1959–1961, and opened in 1962. The Center consists of three buildings named Helicon, Pylon and Tetragon. Pylon is a high tower, Helicon is a lower semicircular part surrounding the tower, and Tetragon is a box-shaped building next to the tower. Helicon contains housing for visiting scientists to institutions in the Stockholm area, and this part is owned by one of the Wenner-Gren Foundations.Wenner-Gren Foundations: Wenner-Gren Center accessed on July 16, 2009 The rest of the complex consists of commercial rental space, although some of it is traditionally used by scientific organisations, such as research-granting bodies. The Center is named after the businessman |
