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Acarnidae
Acarnidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Poecilosclerida. It has a global distribution, although several genera occur primarily in colder temperate waters, and several have very restricted ranges. It is estimated that there are several hundred species. Description Species form encrusting, massive, fan-shaped or digitate (small, un-splitting branches growing from a spreading base) growth forms that may burrow into the substrate. The species of many genera produce fistules. The outer skeleton is made of tylotes (long, slender megascleres with knobs at both ends) which may be modified to have a spined base as well as strongyles (megascleres with both ends blunt or rounded). These form tangential and/or paratangential tracts, often with an irregular or halichondroid arrangement. The inner skeleton is made of styles (megascleres with end pointed and the other end rounded) or modified styles. These form massive networks to create isodictyal (triangular meshes in whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iophon (sponge)
''Iophon'' is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Acarnidae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution. Description This geus contains species with non-fistulose, massive, branching or encrusting growth forms. The ectosomal (outer) skeleton is made of tylotes (long, slender megascleres with knobs at both ends) with microspined bases. The choanosomal (inner) skeleton is a rounded, triangular or square-meshed network of smooth or spined choanosomal styles, arranged singly or with 2-3 per row. The microscleres include bipocilla and palmate anisochelae with spurs. Bipocilla are unique to this genus. They are modified anisochela in which the wing-like alae are joined together by a short curved shaft. Toxas are absent. Species The following species are recognised: *'' Iophon abnormalis'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) *'' Iophon aceratum'' (Hentschel, 1914) *'' Iophon bipocillum'' (Aguilar-Camacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013) *''Iophon cheliferum ''Iophon cheliferum'', also kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acarnus
''Acarnus'' is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Acarnidae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution (except Europe). Description Species are non-fistulose sponges with encrusting to massive growth forms. They have ectosomal tylotes (long, slender megascleres with knobs at both ends) with microspined ends. These form tangential or paratangential tracts. The choanosomal skeleton is isodictyal (triangular mesh in which each side is one spicule long), isotropic (no differentiation into primary or secondary tracts, lines or fibers), or anisotropic (primary and secondary tracts, lines or fibers). In encrusting species, it may occasionally be plumose (skeletal structures radiate from primary fibres or spicule tracts) or hymedesmioid (monoaxon megascleres arranged singly with the heads fixed to a spongin base and the points directed outwards). The skeletal tracts are covered with smooth styles, which may be spined by cladotylotes. Cladotylotes are unique to this genus. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poecilosclerida
Poecilosclerida is an order of the demosponge class. It is the most speciose demosponge order with over 2200 species (World Porifera Database). It contains about 25 recognised families. They are characterised by having chelae microscleres, that is, the minute spicules scattered through the tissues, usually in the 10-60 μm range, have a shovel-like structure on the end. Most of the families are viviparous with parenchymella larvae that are uniformly ciliated The cilium, plural cilia (), is a membrane-bound organelle found on most types of eukaryotic cell, and certain microorganisms known as ciliates. Cilia are absent in bacteria and archaea. The cilium has the shape of a slender threadlike projecti .... Families As of 2018, the following families are recognized: References {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acarnus Erithacus
Acarnus erithacus is a species of sponge of the genus ''Acarnus ''Acarnus'' is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Acarnidae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution (except Europe). Description Species are non-fistulose sponges with encrusting to massive growth forms. They have ectosomal tylo ...''. It was described by de Laubenfels in 1927.} References {{demospongiae-stub Poecilosclerida Species described in 1927 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes. Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the last common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals. Etymology The term ''sponge'' derives from the Ancient Greek word ( 'sponge'). Overview Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicellular, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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