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Abrial Aircraft
Abrial is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * André Joseph Abrial (1750 - 1828), French politician * (born 1783), general police chief in Lyon under Napoleon I * Jean-Marie Charles Abrial (1879-1962), French admiral during World War Two * Georges Abrial (1898-1970), French aerodynamicist * Jean-Raymond Abrial (born 1938), French computer scientist and creator of the Z notation and the B-Method * General Stéphane Abrial, French air force general * , French guitarist See also * Abrial A-12 Bagoas, experimental glider *Abrial A-3 Oricou The A-3 ''Oricou'' (French for ''African vulture'') was a small French touring airplane designed in 1927 by Georges Abrial. It could seat two, and was powered by a 30 kW (40 hp) piston engine A reciprocating engine, also often kno ..., two-seat touring airplane * Abrial A-2 Vautour, single-seat sailplane {{surname, Abrial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Joseph Abrial
André Joseph Abrial (19 March 1750, Annonay, Ardèche – 13 November 1828) was a French politician and Minister of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a ... from 1799 to 1802. References 1750 births 1828 deaths People from Annonay French Ministers of Justice Members of the Sénat conservateur Members of the Chamber of Peers of the Bourbon Restoration Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery {{France-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Marie Charles Abrial
Jean-Marie Charles Abrial (17 December 1879 – 19 December 1962) was a French Admiral and Naval Minister. He fought in both World wars, and was known mostly for his actions at Dunkirk in 1940. Early years Abrial started his career in 1896 at the École Navale, the French naval academy, taking his first post as an '' aspirant'' (midshipman) in 1898. During World War I, Abrial served in command of a high-seas patrol boat until 1917, when he joined the Naval Ministry's anti-submarine division. In 1920 he was promoted to ''Capitaine de frégate'' (Commander), first commanding the destroyer and eventually an entire flotilla of destroyers stationed in the Mediterranean Sea. Promotions After completing studies at the École Navale near the Atlantic-Coast port of Brest, he was promoted to ''Capitaine de vaisseau'' (Captain) in 1925, commanding the heavy cruiser in 1927–1929Halpern, p. 529 and serving as commanding officer of the 1st Squadron at Toulon. In 1930 he was promoted to R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Abrial
Georges Abrial (1898 in Paris – 1970 in Vauville, Manche) was an early France, French aerodynamics, aerodynamicist. Life After graduating from the St Cyr Aeronautical Institute he worked for Pierre Levasseur (aircraft builder), Levasseur (Levasseur-Abrial A-1) and did some pioneering work into tailless aircraft. He designed several Glider aircraft, gliders during the 1920s before turning to lecturing the following decade, when he also became influential in the French Lift (soaring), soaring movement. Abrial stopped designing new aircraft after 1932 when he abandoned his A-12 project. He was more attracted by instructorship and educational methods and played an important role in the development of soaring in France during the 1930s. After World War II, he was still active in promoting soaring in France and in French Africa. In 1954 he came back to the design of tailless aircraft, with the A-13 "Buse" project. But this glider was never built. Aircraft designs *Abrial A-2 Vautour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Raymond Abrial
Jean-Raymond Abrial (born 1938) is a French computer scientist and inventor of the Z and B formal methods. Abrial's 1974 paper ''Data Semantics'' laid the foundation for a formal approach to Data Models; although not adopted directly by practitioners, it directly influenced all subsequent models from the Entity-Relationship Model through to RDF. J.-R. Abrial is the father of the Z notation (typically used for formal specification of software), during his time at the Programming Research Group within the Oxford University Computing Laboratory (now Oxford University Department of Computer Science), and later the B-Method (normally used for software development), two formal methods for software engineering. He is the author of ''The B-Book: Assigning Programs to Meanings''. For much of his career he has been an independent consultant. He was an invited professor at ETH Zurich from 2004 to 2009. References External links * * by Jonathan Bowen Jonathan P. Bowen FBC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Z Notation
The Z notation is a formal specification language used for describing and modelling computing systems. It is targeted at the clear specification of computer programs and computer-based systems in general. History In 1974, Jean-Raymond Abrial published "Data Semantics". He used a notation that would later be taught in the University of Grenoble until the end of the 1980s. While at EDF ( Électricité de France), working with Bertrand Meyer, Abrial also worked on developing Z. The Z notation is used in the 1980 book ''Méthodes de programmation''. Z was originally proposed by Abrial in 1977 with the help of Steve Schuman and Bertrand Meyer. It was developed further at the Programming Research Group at Oxford University, where Abrial worked in the early 1980s, having arrived at Oxford in September 1979. Abrial has said that Z is so named "Because it is the ultimate language!" although the name "Zermelo" is also associated with the Z notation through its use of Zermelo–Fraenkel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
B-Method
The B method is a method of software development based on B, a tool-supported formal method based on an abstract machine notation, used in the development of computer software. Overview B was originally developed in the 1980s by Jean-Raymond Abrial in France and the UK. B is related to the Z notation (also originated by Abrial) and supports development of programming language code from specifications. B has been used in major safety-critical system applications in Europe (such as the automatic Paris Métro lines 14 and 1 and the Ariane 5 rocket). It has robust, commercially available tool support for specification, design, proof and code generation. Compared to Z, B is slightly more low-level and more focused on refinement to code rather than just formal specification — hence it is easier to correctly implement a specification written in B than one in Z. In particular, there is good tool support for this. The same language is used in specification, design and programming. Mec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stéphane Abrial
Stéphane Abrial (; born 7 September 1954), is a French general who is the previous commander of Allied Command Transformation based in Norfolk, VA, one of the two NATO strategic commands. His previous posting was as the Chief of Staff of the French Air Force. French military career General Stéphane Abrial graduated in 1973 from the French Air Force academy (École de l'air), and in 1974 from the U.S. Air Force Academy. He completed pilot training at the French Air Force Academy in 1976. From 1977 to 1991, he served as a fighter pilot both in France (in Cambrai, Dijon and Orange) and, from 1981 to 1984, in a West German Luftwaffe unit. In 1988, he assisted the Greek Air Force in converting its first unit equipped with the Mirage 2000. In 1991, he took part in the first Gulf War as a fighter pilot and commander of the French Air Force's 5th Fighter Squadron. Later that year, he attended the Air War College, at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama. From 1992 to 1996, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abrial A-12 Bagoas
__NOTOC__ The A-12 was an unusual tailless glider designed by Georges Abrial in the early 1930s. It was not a success and was abandoned in 1932. Design The Abrial A-12 was unusual in having a very low aspect ratio wing, even by the standards of its time. Other tailless gliders of the 1920s, notably the Lippisch Storch series had aspect ratios of about 8, compared with the 4.75 of the Abrial. Further, where the Storchs had swept wings the Abrial's was rectangular in plan. After encouraging tests of models in the wind tunnel at St Cyr, Abrial built a full-sized version. The Abrial's wings had the designer's own reflexed camber aerofoil. Such aerofoils are useful for tailless aircraft, because the pitching moment about the aerodynamic centre of the wing can be zero. The wings were mounted with strong dihedral and braced from above by a V-strut on each side, their apexes meeting at a faired triangular central support structure. It had control surfaces on the wings which may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abrial A-3 Oricou
The A-3 ''Oricou'' ( French for ''African vulture'') was a small French touring airplane designed in 1927 by Georges Abrial. It could seat two, and was powered by a 30 kW (40 hp) piston engine A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common featu .... Specifications (A-3 Oricou) See also Single-engined tractor aircraft 1920s French civil utility aircraft Oricou {{Aero-1920s-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
