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Abba Bar Kahana
Rabbi Abba bar Kahana (Hebrew: רבי אבא בר כהנא) was an amora of the 3rd generation. His father was Rav Kahana II. He was born in Babylonia, and learned in the beit midrash of Rabbi Hiyya bar Ashi. He moved to the Land of Israel while Rabbi Hanina bar Hama was still alive. His teachers include Rabbi Helbo and Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi. His colleagues include Levi II and Rabbi Zeira. Rabbi Berekiah cited many teaching in his name, and apparently was his student. He is principally known for his many aggadic Aggadah ( he, ''ʾAggāḏā'' or ''Haggāḏā''; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אַגָּדְתָא ''ʾAggāḏəṯāʾ''; "tales, fairytale, lore") is the non-legalistic exegesis which appears in the classical rabbinic literature of Judaism, ... teachings. References {{Amoraim Jewish scholars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amoraim
''Amoraim'' (Aramaic language, Aramaic: plural or , singular ''Amora'' or ''Amoray''; "those who say" or "those who speak over the people", or "spokesmen") refers to Jewish scholars of the period from about 200 to 500 Common Era, CE, who "said" or "told over" the teachings of the Oral Torah. They were primarily located in Babylonia and the Land of Israel. Their legal discussions and debates were eventually Codification (law), codified in the Gemara. The ''Amoraim'' followed the ''Tannaim'' in the sequence of ancient Jewish scholars. The ''Tannaim'' were direct transmitters of uncodified oral tradition; the ''Amoraim'' expounded upon and clarified the oral law after its initial codification. The Amoraic era The first Babylonian ''Amoraim'' were Abba Arika, respectfully referred to as ''Rav'', and his contemporary and frequent debate partner, Samuel of Nehardea, Shmuel. Among the earliest ''Amoraim'' in Israel were Johanan bar Nappaha and Shimon ben Lakish. Traditionally, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rav Kahana II
''For other Amoraic sages of Babylonia with the name "Rav Kahana", see Rav Kahana.'' Rav Kahana (II) ( he, רב כהנא (השני), read as ''Rav Kahana (Ha-sheni)'', lit. "Rabbi Kahana (II)"; recorded in the Talmud merely as ''Rav Kahana'') was an '' Amora'' of the second generation, active in Babylon and in the Land of Israel. Biography He was a student of Rav. According to the Geonim tradition, Rav Kahana was the stepson of Rav from his second wife. Despite his name, which usually means "Kohen", he was not a Kohen. His son was Rabbi Abba bar Kahana. It is told that once Kahana hid underneath the bed of his teacher Rav while Rav and his wife were engaging in sexual intercourse. When Rav noticed this he was angered, but Kahana justified his presence by saying "It is Torah, and I need to learn it." Another time, Kahana was reciting Biblical verses before Rav. When he reached Ecclesiastes 12:5, which (in this rabbinic interpretation) refers to the cessation of a person's sex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babylonia
Babylonia (; Akkadian: , ''māt Akkadī'') was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria). It emerged as an Amorite-ruled state c. 1894 BCE. During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was called "the country of Akkad" (''Māt Akkadī'' in Akkadian), a deliberate archaism in reference to the previous glory of the Akkadian Empire. It was often involved in rivalry with the older state of Assyria to the north and Elam to the east in Ancient Iran. Babylonia briefly became the major power in the region after Hammurabi ( fl. c. 1792–1752 BCE middle chronology, or c. 1696–1654 BCE, short chronology) created a short-lived empire, succeeding the earlier Akkadian Empire, Third Dynasty of Ur, and Old Assyrian Empire. The Babylonian Empire rapidly fell apart after the death of Hammurabi and reverted to a small kingdom. Like Assyria, the Babylonian state retained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beit Midrash
A ''beth midrash'' ( he, בית מדרש, or ''beis medrash'', ''beit midrash'', pl. ''batei midrash'' "House of Learning") is a hall dedicated for Torah study, often translated as a "study hall." It is distinct from a synagogue (''beth knesset''), although the two are often coextensive. In Yiddish the ''beth midrash'' may be referred to as a ''zal'', i.e. "hall". ''Beis midrash'' can also refer to a '' yeshiva gedola'', the undergraduate-level program in Orthodox, for boys over 12th grade. The Arabic term '' madrasah'' is derived from the same Semitic root, and refers to any type of educational institution. The root דרש means "to seek nowledge and is then generalized to mean "expound". History Early rabbinic literature, including the Mishnah, makes mention of the ''beth midrash'' as an institution distinct from the ''beth din'' and Sanhedrin. It was meant as a place of Torah study and interpretation, as well as the development of ''halakha'' (the practical application ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hiyya Bar Ashi
Hiyya bar Ashi (or Rav Hiyya bar Ashi; Hebrew: רב חייא בר אשי) was a second and third generation Amora sage of Babylon. Biography In his youth he studied under Rav, and served as his janitor. In his service of Rav he learned many laws, which he transmitted to future generations. For example, he stated that on Shabbat he would wash Rav's leather clothes. From this statement, the sages concluded that the '' law of Melabain'' (Scouring/Laundering) on Shabbat does not apply on leather materials. He also stated that when he used to wake Rav from his sleep, he would wash his hands, recite Birkat HaTorah, and only then would teach the lesson. Hence, one should make a ''Birkat HaTorah'' also on the Talmud, and not only on the Bible. Later, R. Hiyya bar Ashi said, Rav would put on tefillin, and then recite the shema; from this the sages concluded that one should put on ''tefillin'' before the ''shema'', even if it is already time for the ''shema''. Most of R. Hiyya bar Ashi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanina Bar Hama
Hanina bar Hama (died c. 250) ( he, חנינא בר חמא) was a Jewish Talmudist, halakhist and aggadist frequently quoted in the Babylonian and the Jerusalem Talmud, and in the Midrashim. He is generally cited by the name R. Hanina, but sometimes with his patronymic (Hanina b. Hama), and occasionally with the cognomen "the Great". Biography Whether he was a Judean by birth and had only visited Babylonia, or whether he was a Babylonian immigrant in Judea, cannot be clearly established. In the only passage in which he mentions his arrival in Judea he refers also to his sons accompanying him, and from this some argue that Babylonia was his native land. It is certain, however, that he spent most of his life in Judea, where he attended for a time the lectures of Bar Kappara and Hiyya the Great and eventually joined the academy of Judah haNasi. Under Judah, he acquired great stores of practical and theoretical knowledge, and so developed his dialectical powers that once in the hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helbo
Rabbi Helbo (רבי חלבו) was an amora who flourished about the end of the 3rd century, and who is frequently mentioned in both Talmuds. It seems that Helbo lived at first in Babylonia, where he studied under Rav Huna, the head of the Academy of Sura, and that, like the other Babylonian amoraim, he was called "Rav". Later he settled in the Land of Israel, where he was ordained rabbi. Teachings He is mentioned as having spoken in the names of Avdimi of Haifa and Hama bar Ukva. In Palestine he consulted on halakhic matters R. Isaac Nappaha and R. Shmuel bar Nahmani. Helbo handed down many aggadic sayings of Shmuel bar Nahmani. He is mentioned in the Talmud as a teacher of ethics, his sayings being delivered in the name of Rav Huna. Among them may be quoted: * "He who goes out of the synagogue must not take long steps" Berachot 6b * "One should pay great attention to the Minhah prayer" * "He who enjoys the banquet of a bridegroom without gladdening the latter commits a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yehoshua Ben Levi
Joshua ben Levi (Yehoshua ben Levi) was an amora, a scholar of the Talmud, who lived in the Land of Israel in the first half of the third century. He lived and taught in the city of Lod. He was an elder contemporary of Johanan bar Nappaha and Resh Lakish, who presided over the school in Tiberias. With Johanan bar Nappaha, he often engaged in homiletic exegetical discussions. Etymology It is uncertain whether the name "ben Levi" meant the son of Levi, whom some identify with Levi ben Sisi, or a descendant of the tribe of Levi. Biography Rabbi Joshua ben Levi studied under Bar Kappara, whom he often quoted. But Joshua considered his greatest indebtedness to Rabbi Judah ben Pedaiah, from whom he learned a great number of legal rulings. Another of his teachers was Pinchas ben Yair, whose piety and sincerity must have exerted a powerful influence upon the character of Joshua. Joshua himself had a gentle disposition. He was known for his modesty and piety, and whenever he institu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Levi II
Levi II, or Rabbi Levi was a Jewish scholar of the 3rd century (third generation of amoraim). In a few cases he is quoted as Levi bar Laḥma (Hama). In later midrashim the title "Berabbi" is sometimes added to his name. Biography He was a contemporary of Zeira and Abba bar Kahana. He quotes halakhic and homiletic teachings by many of his predecessors and contemporaries; but as he quotes most frequently those of Hama bar Hanina, it may be conjectured that he was Hama's pupil, though he probably studied at R. Johanan's academy also. In this academy, he and Judah bar Nahman were alternately engaged to keep the congregation together until Johanan's arrival, and each was paid for his services two "selas" a week. Once Levi argued that the prophet Jonah was a descendant of the tribe of Zebulun, deducing proof from Scripture. Soon after R. Johanan lectured on the same subject, but argued that Jonah was of the tribe of Asher. The next week being Judah's turn to lecture, Levi took his p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeira
Rabbi Zeira ( he, רבי זירא), known before his semicha as Rav Zeira ( he, רב זירא) and known in the Jerusalem Talmud as Rabbi Ze'era ( he, רבי זעירא), was a Jewish Talmudist, of the third generation of amoraim, who lived in the Land of Israel. Biography He was born in Babylonia, where he spent his early youth. He was a pupil of Ḥisda, Berachot 49a of Huna, and of Judah b. Ezekiel in Pumbedita. He associated also with other prominent teachers of the Babylonian school, including Rav Nachman, Hamnuna, and Sheshet, who called him a great man. His love for the Holy Land led him to decide upon leaving his native country and emigrating to Israel. This resolve, however, he kept secret from his teacher Judah, who disapproved of any emigration from Babylonia. Before leaving, he spied upon Judah while the latter was bathing, and the words which he then overheard he took with him as a valuable and instructive memento. A favorable dream, in which he was told that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabbi Berekiah
R. Berekiah (or R. Berekhyah; he, רבי ברכיה, read as ''Rabbi Berekhyah'') was an '' Amora'' of the Land of Israel, of the fourth generation of the Amora era. He is known for his work on the Aggadah Aggadah ( he, ''ʾAggāḏā'' or ''Haggāḏā''; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אַגָּדְתָא ''ʾAggāḏəṯāʾ''; "tales, fairytale, lore") is the non-legalistic exegesis which appears in the classical rabbinic literature of Judaism, ..., and there are many of his statements there, and many statements he delivered in the authority of other sages. References Talmud rabbis of the Land of Israel {{MEast-rabbi-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aggadic
Aggadah ( he, ''ʾAggāḏā'' or ''Haggāḏā''; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אַגָּדְתָא ''ʾAggāḏəṯāʾ''; "tales, fairytale, lore") is the non-legalistic exegesis which appears in the classical rabbinic literature of Judaism, particularly the Talmud and Midrash. In general, Aggadah is a compendium of rabbinic texts that incorporates folklore, historical anecdotes, moral exhortations, and practical advice in various spheres, from business to medicine. Etymology The Hebrew word ''haggadah'' (הַגָּדָה) is derived from the Hebrew root נגד, meaning "declare, make known, expound", also known from the common Hebrew verb להגיד.Berachyahu Lifshitz, "Aggadah Versus Haggadah : Towards a More Precise Understanding of the Distinction", ''Diné Yisrael'' 24 (2007): page 23 (English section). The majority scholarly opinion is that the Hebrew word ''aggadah'' (אַגָּדָה) and corresponding Aramaic ''aggadta'' (אַגָּדְתָא) are variants of ''h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
