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ARL2
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARL2'' gene. Function * The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) genes are small GTP-binding proteins of the RAS superfamily. ARL2 is a member of a functionally distinct group of ARF-like genes. * In photoreceptors, ARL2 participates in the trafficking of lipidated membrane-associated proteins. * There is an evidence that increased activity of ARL2 protein is strongly correlated with increased mitochondria fusion, while loss of ARL2 activity results in a decreased rate of fusion. Interactions ARL2 has been shown to interact with Protein unc-119 homolog Uncoordinated-119 (Unc-119) is a protein that has been identified in ''C. elegans'', humans, mice, zebrafish, rabbits, pig, calf, monkey, and protozoa. They have been classified in the GMP phophodiesterase, delta superfamily. Unc-119 proteins are ..., TBCD and PDE6D. References External links * Further reading * * * * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein Unc-119 Homolog
Uncoordinated-119 (Unc-119) is a protein that has been identified in ''C. elegans'', humans, mice, zebrafish, rabbits, pig, calf, monkey, and protozoa. They have been classified in the GMP phophodiesterase, delta superfamily. Unc-119 proteins are categorized into their own family but are shown to be ancestrally related to PrBP ( prenyl binding protein) and rhoGDI. It has been given many different names: Retinal Protein 4, HRG4, POC7 Centriolar Protein Homolog A, IMD13, POC7A, and RG4. Structure and function Unc-119 in ''C. elegans'' is approximately 240 amino acids and has a mass of ~26 kDa. Using x-ray crystallography the protein's crystal structure was observed and found to have a resolution of 1.95 Å. It has an immunoglobulin-like β-sandwich folding structure, resulting in a narrow, hydrophobic pocket. This pocket has ability to bind to lauroyl (C12) and myristoyl (C14) acyltransferase side chains as a transporter or lipid-binding chaperone. Unc-119 helps with moti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TBCD
Tubulin-specific chaperone D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TBCD'' gene. Function Cofactor D is one of four proteins (cofactors A, D, E, and C) involved in the pathway leading to correctly folded beta-tubulin from folding intermediates. Cofactors A and D are believed to play a role in capturing and stabilizing beta-tubulin intermediates in a quasi-native confirmation. Cofactor E binds to the cofactor D/beta-tubulin complex; interaction with cofactor C then causes the release of beta-tubulin polypeptides that are committed to the native state. Interactions TBCD has been shown to interact with ARL2 ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARL2'' gene. Function * The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) genes are small GTP-binding proteins of the RAS superfamily. ARL2 is a member of a functionally d .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-17-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitochondrial Fusion
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with the ability to fuse and divide ( fission), forming constantly changing tubular networks in most eukaryotic cells. These mitochondrial dynamics, first observed over a hundred years ago are important for the health of the cell, and defects in dynamics lead to genetic disorders. Through fusion, mitochondria can overcome the dangerous consequences of genetic malfunction. The process of mitochondrial fusion involves a variety of proteins that assist the cell throughout the series of events that form this process. Process overview When cells experience metabolic or environmental stresses, mitochondrial fusion and fission work to maintain functional mitochondria. An increase in fusion activity leads to mitochondrial elongation, whereas an increase in fission activity results in mitochondrial fragmentation. The components of this process can influence programmed cell death and lead to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
