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Ay-O 96 Gradations
Takao Iijima (born May 19, 1931), better known by his art name Ay-O, (靉嘔 ''Ai Ō''), is a Japanese avant-garde visual and performance artist who has been associated with Fluxus since its international beginnings in the 1960s. Biography Early life and education Ay-O was born Iijima Takao in Ibaraki prefecture in 1931. He studied art at Tokyo University of Education. From Demokrato to Fluxus Ay-O started his career in the Demokrato Artists Association (デモクラート美術家協会), along with artists Ei-Q and On Kawara and the photographer Eikoh Hosoe (''Demokrato'' is Esperanto for "democratic). This association promoted artistic freedom and independence in making art. The influence of these values on Ay-O can be seen in a series of early paintings over which he painted a large X because he thought they were not original enough. Another independent movement was close to Demokrato in Japan: Sōzō Biiku (創造美育) by the collector Sadajirō Kubo (久保貞次郞) ...
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Tamatsukuri, Ibaraki
was a town located in Namegata District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. It is now a part of the city of Namegata. As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 13,793 and a density of 269.13 persons per km2. The total area was 51.25 km2. On September 2, 2005, Tamatsukuri, along with the towns of Asō and Kitaura (all from Namegata District), were merged to create the city of Namegata and it ceases as an independent municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go .... External links Namegata official website Dissolved municipalities of Ibaraki Prefecture {{Ibaraki-geo-stub ...
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Fernand Léger
Joseph Fernand Henri Léger (; February 4, 1881 – August 17, 1955) was a French painting, painter, sculpture, sculptor, and film director, filmmaker. In his early works he created a personal form of cubism (known as "tubism") which he gradually modified into a more Figurative art, figurative, populism, populist style. His boldly simplified treatment of modern subject matter has caused him to be regarded as a forerunner of pop art. Biography Léger was born in Argentan, Orne, Lower Normandy, where his father raised cattle. Fernand Léger initially trained as an architect from 1897 to 1899, before moving in 1900 to Paris, where he supported himself as an architectural draftsman. After military service in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, Yvelines, in 1902–1903, he enrolled at the School of Decorative Arts after his application to the École des Beaux-Arts was rejected. He nevertheless attended the Beaux-Arts as a non-enrolled student, spending what he described as "three empty an ...
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Museum Of Modern Art
The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, and is often identified as one of the largest and most influential museums of modern art in the world. MoMA's collection offers an overview of modern and contemporary art, including works of architecture and design, drawing, painting, sculpture, photography, prints, illustrated and artist's books, film, and electronic media. The MoMA Library includes about 300,000 books and exhibition catalogs, more than 1,000 periodical titles, and more than 40,000 files of ephemera about individual artists and groups. The archives hold primary source material related to the history of modern and contemporary art. It attracted 1,160,686 visitors in 2021, an increase of 64% from 2020. It ranked 15th on the list of most visited art museums in the world in 2021.'' The Art Newspaper'' an ...
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British Museum
The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence. It documents the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.Among the national museums in London, sculpture and decorative and applied art are in the Victoria and Albert Museum; the British Museum houses earlier art, non-Western art, prints and drawings. The National Gallery holds the national collection of Western European art to about 1900, while art of the 20th century on is at Tate Modern. Tate Britain holds British Art from 1500 onwards. Books, manuscripts and many works on paper are in the British Library. There are significant overlaps between the coverage of the various collections. The British Museum was the first public national museum to cover all fields of knowledge. The museum was established in 1753, largely b ...
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MOMA
Moma may refer to: People * Moma Clarke (1869–1958), British journalist * Moma Marković (1912–1992), Serbian politician * Momčilo Rajin (born 1954), Serbian art and music critic, theorist and historian, artist and publisher Places ; Angola * Moma, Angola ; Mozambique * Moma District, Nampula ; Russia * Moma District, Russia, Sakha Republic * Moma Natural Park, a protected area in Moma District * Moma (river), a tributary of the Indigirka in Sakha Republic * Moma Range, in Sakha Republic Transport * Moma Airport, in Sakha Republic, Russia * Moma Airport (Democratic Republic of the Congo), in Kasai-Occidental Province Other uses * ''Moma'' (moth), an owlet moth genus * Mars Organic Molecule Analyser, an instrument aboard the ''Rosalind Franklin'' Mars rover * Mixed Groups of Reconstruction Machines, a Greek Army organization * Modern Hungary Movement ( hu, Modern Magyarország Mozgalom, link=no), a political party in Hungary * Moma language, spoken in Indonesia * ...
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Gallery Itsutsuji
is a contemporary art gallery founded in 1990 by Michiyasu Itsutsuji. History Expanding a tradition built over 20 years from around 1970 to 1990 by Fuji Television Gallery, Michiyasu Itsutsuji founded in the traditional cultural heart of Tokyo (Bunkyo-ku) this contemporary art gallery in 1990 (see Art Museum, notable galleries list). Michiyasu Itsutsuji was made by French Culture Ministry a Knight (chevalier) of Ordre des Arts et Lettres (reputed sponsor Musee du Jeu de Paume's D. Abadie. When in the mid 60s to 70s the support-surface movement appeared in France, Gallery Itsutsuji was the point of introduction of the movement into Japan, exposing it to museums and private and corporate collections. For example, Claude Viallat, Louis Cane, Jean-Pierre Pincemin, Daniel Dezeuze, and Jean-Michel Meurice, Gérard Titus-Carmel, Pierre Buraglio. Currently, while still representing the artist the gallery helped introducing to Japan, the gallery promotes the following younger ar ...
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Ay-O 96 Gradations
Takao Iijima (born May 19, 1931), better known by his art name Ay-O, (靉嘔 ''Ai Ō''), is a Japanese avant-garde visual and performance artist who has been associated with Fluxus since its international beginnings in the 1960s. Biography Early life and education Ay-O was born Iijima Takao in Ibaraki prefecture in 1931. He studied art at Tokyo University of Education. From Demokrato to Fluxus Ay-O started his career in the Demokrato Artists Association (デモクラート美術家協会), along with artists Ei-Q and On Kawara and the photographer Eikoh Hosoe (''Demokrato'' is Esperanto for "democratic). This association promoted artistic freedom and independence in making art. The influence of these values on Ay-O can be seen in a series of early paintings over which he painted a large X because he thought they were not original enough. Another independent movement was close to Demokrato in Japan: Sōzō Biiku (創造美育) by the collector Sadajirō Kubo (久保貞次郞) ...
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Avant-garde
The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or ' vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretical Debate and Poetic Practices' (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004), p. 64 . It is frequently characterized by aesthetic innovation and initial unacceptability.Kostelanetz, Richard, ''A Dictionary of the Avant-Gardes'', Routledge, May 13, 2013
The avant-garde pushes the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the ''
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Nam June Paik
Nam June Paik (; July 20, 1932 – January 29, 2006) was a Korean American artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the founder of video art. He is credited with the first use (1974) of the term "electronic super highway" to describe the future of telecommunications. Biography Born in Seoul in 1932 in what was then Japanese Korea, the youngest of five children, Paik had two older brothers and two older sisters. His :ko:백낙승 (1886년), father (who in 2002 was revealed to be a Chinilpa, or a Korean who collaborated with the Japanese during the latter's occupation of Korea) owned a major textile manufacturing firm. As he was growing up, he was trained as a classical pianist. By virtue of his affluent background, Paik received an elite education in modern (largely Western) music through his tutors. In 1950, during the Korean War, Paik and his family fled from their home in Korea, first fleeing to Hong Kong, but later moving to Japan. Paik graduated ...
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Dick Higgins
Dick Higgins (15 March 1938 – 25 October 1998) was an American artist, composer, art theorist, poet, publisher, printmaker, and a co-founder of the Fluxus international artistic movement (and community). Inspired by John Cage, Higgins was an early pioneer of electronic correspondence. Higgins coined the word intermedia to describe his artistic activities, defining it in a 1965 essay by the same name, published in the first number of the ''Something Else Newsletter''. His most notable audio contributions include ''Danger Music'' scores and the ''Intermedia'' concept to describe the ineffable inter-disciplinary activities that became prevalent in the 1960s. Life Dick Higgins was the son of Carter Chapin Higgins and Katherine Huntington Bigelow. He was born in Cambridge, England in 1938 into a rather rich family, due to his father owning Worcester Pressed Steel in Worcester, Massachusetts. He grew up with a brother and sister, Mark and Lisa. His younger brother Mark Huntington ...
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Emmett Williams
Emmett Williams (4 April 1925 – 14 February 2007) was an American poet and visual artist. He was married to British visual artist Ann Noël. Williams was born in Greenville, South Carolina, grew up in Virginia, and lived in Europe from 1949 to 1966. Williams studied poetry with John Crowe Ransom at Kenyon College, anthropology at the University of Paris, and worked as an assistant to the ethnologist Paul Radin in Switzerland. As an artist and poet, Emmett Williams collaborated with Daniel Spoerri and German poet Claus Bremer in the Darmstadt circle of concrete poetry from 1957 to 1959. One of his notable pieces from this period is "Four-Directional Song of Doubt for Five Voices" (1957), in which five performers are each assigned one word of the phrase "You just never quite know", and say their word according to a grid on a card, keeping together with the beat of a metronome: when a black circle appears on the grid, the performer speaks the word, and when no circle appears ...
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