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Axonophora
Axonophora is an extinct suborder of graptolites. It primarily consists of the biserial graptolites, and also includes the retiolitids and monograptids. Taxonomy Taxonomy of Axonophora from Maletz (2014): *Infraorder †Diplograptina Lapworth, 1880e **Family †Diplograptidae Lapworth, 1873b ***Subfamily †Diplograptinae Lapworth, 1873b ***Subfamily †Orthograptinae Mitchell, 1987 **Family †Lasiograptidae Lapworth, 1880e **Family †Climacograptidae Frech, 1897 **Family †Dicranograptidae Lapworth, 1873b ***Subfamily †Dicranograptinae Lapworth, 1873b ***Subfamily †Nemagraptinae Lapworth, 1873 *Infraorder †Neograptina Štorch et al., 2011 **(Unranked) ***Family †Normalograptidae Štorch & Serpagli, 1993 ***Family †Neodiplograptidae Melchin et al., 2011 ****Subfamily †Neodiplograptinae Melchin et al. 2011 ****Subfamily †Petalolithinae Bulman, 1955 **Superfamily †Retiolitoidea Lapworth, 1873b ***Family †Retiolitidae Lapworth, 1873b (retiolitids) ****Subfamily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graptolite
Graptolites are a group of colonial animals, members of the subclass Graptolithina within the class Pterobranchia. These filter-feeding Filter feeders are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure. Some animals that use this method of feedin ... organisms are known chiefly from fossils found from the Middle Cambrian (Miaolingian, Wuliuan) through the Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian (geology), Mississippian). A possible early graptolite, ''Chaunograptus'', is known from the Middle Cambrian. Recent analyses have favored the idea that the living pterobranch ''Rhabdopleura'' represents an extant graptolite which diverged from the rest of the group in the Cambrian. Fossil graptolites and ''Rhabdopleura'' share a colony structure of interconnected zooids housed in organic tubes (theca) which have a basic structure of stacked half-rings (fuse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graptoloidea
Graptolites are a group of colonial animals, members of the subclass Graptolithina within the class Pterobranchia. These filter-feeding organisms are known chiefly from fossils found from the Middle Cambrian (Miaolingian, Wuliuan) through the Lower Carboniferous ( Mississippian). A possible early graptolite, ''Chaunograptus'', is known from the Middle Cambrian. Recent analyses have favored the idea that the living pterobranch ''Rhabdopleura'' represents an extant graptolite which diverged from the rest of the group in the Cambrian. Fossil graptolites and ''Rhabdopleura'' share a colony structure of interconnected zooids housed in organic tubes (theca) which have a basic structure of stacked half-rings (fuselli). Most extinct graptolites belong to two major orders: the bush-like sessile Dendroidea and the planktonic, free-floating Graptoloidea. These orders most likely evolved from encrusting pterobranchs similar to ''Rhabdopleura''. Due to their widespread abundance, plantkonic l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graptolite
Graptolites are a group of colonial animals, members of the subclass Graptolithina within the class Pterobranchia. These filter-feeding Filter feeders are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure. Some animals that use this method of feedin ... organisms are known chiefly from fossils found from the Middle Cambrian (Miaolingian, Wuliuan) through the Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian (geology), Mississippian). A possible early graptolite, ''Chaunograptus'', is known from the Middle Cambrian. Recent analyses have favored the idea that the living pterobranch ''Rhabdopleura'' represents an extant graptolite which diverged from the rest of the group in the Cambrian. Fossil graptolites and ''Rhabdopleura'' share a colony structure of interconnected zooids housed in organic tubes (theca) which have a basic structure of stacked half-rings (fuse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graptolites
Graptolites are a group of colonial animals, members of the subclass Graptolithina within the class Pterobranchia. These filter-feeding organisms are known chiefly from fossils found from the Middle Cambrian (Miaolingian, Wuliuan) through the Lower Carboniferous ( Mississippian). A possible early graptolite, ''Chaunograptus'', is known from the Middle Cambrian. Recent analyses have favored the idea that the living pterobranch ''Rhabdopleura'' represents an extant graptolite which diverged from the rest of the group in the Cambrian. Fossil graptolites and ''Rhabdopleura'' share a colony structure of interconnected zooids housed in organic tubes (theca) which have a basic structure of stacked half-rings (fuselli). Most extinct graptolites belong to two major orders: the bush-like sessile Dendroidea and the planktonic, free-floating Graptoloidea. These orders most likely evolved from encrusting pterobranchs similar to ''Rhabdopleura''. Due to their widespread abundance, plantkonic l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Normalograptidae
Normalograptidae is an extinct family of graptolites. Genera List of genera from Maletz (2014): *†''Clinoclimacograptus'' Bulman & Rickards, 1968 *†''Cystograptus'' Hundt, 1942 *†''Hedrograptus'' Obut, 1949 *? †''Hirsutograptus'' Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 *? †''Limpidograptus'' Khaletskaya, 1962 *†''Lithuanograptus'' Paskevicius, 1976 *†''Metaclimacograptus'' Bulman & Rickards, 1968 *†''Neodicellograptus'' Mu & Wang, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977) *†''Neoglyptograptus'' Rickards et al. 1995 *†''Normalograptus'' Legrand, 1987 *†''Pseudoglyptograptus'' Bulman & Rickards, 1968 *†''Retioclimacis'' Mu et al., 1974 *†''Rhaphidograptus'' Bulman, 1936 *†''Scalarigraptus'' Riva, 1988 *†''Sichuanograptus'' Zhao, 1976 *†''Skanegraptus'' Maletz, 2011c *†''Talacastograptus'' Cuerda, Rickards & Cingolani, 1988 References Graptolites Prehistoric hemichordate families {{Hemichordate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monograptidae
Monograptidae is an extinct family of graptolites of the Order Graptoloidea. Monograptids have only one row of thecae per stipe (stem, branch), unlike the biserial graptolites which have two opposing rows of thecae per stipe. Fossil record Fossils of Monograptidae are found from the Ordovician to the Devonian (age range: from 460.9 to 402.5 million years ago). They are especially important during the early Silurian. They are known from various localities in Europe, North America, South America, China, Thailand, Australia, Algeria and Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to .... Genera Maletz (2014) identifies 98 genera of Monograptidae. The family can possibly be divided into several subfamilies. *†'' Abiesgraptus'' Hundt, 1935 *†'' Acanthograptus'' Tseg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimorphograptidae
Dimorphograptidae is an extinct family of graptolites. Genera List of genera from Maletz (2014): *†'' Akidograptus'' Davies, 1929 *†'' Avitograptus'' Melchin et al., 2011 *†'' Bulmanograptus'' Přibyl, 1948b *†'' Cardograptus'' Hundt, 1965 *†'' Dimorphograptus'' Lapworth, 1876b *†'' Metadimorphograptus'' Přibyl, 1948b *†'' Parakidograptus'' Li & Ge, 1981 References Graptolites Prehistoric hemichordate families {{Hemichordate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retiolitidae
Retiolitidae is an extinct family of graptolites characterized by meshwork-like tubaria. Genera List of genera from Maletz (2014): Subfamily Retiolitinae *†'' Dabashanograptus'' Ge, 1990 *†'' Dimykterograptus'' Haberfelner, 1936 *†'' Eiseligraptus'' Hundt, 1965 *†'' Eorograptus'' Sennikov, 1984 *†'' Gladiograptus'' Lapworth, 1875 in Hopkinson & Lapworth (1875) *†'' Gladiolites'' Barrande, 1850 *†'' Pileograptus'' Lenz & Kozłowska, 2007 *†'' Pseudoplegmatograptus'' Přibyl, 1948b *†'' Pseudoretiolites'' Bouček & Münch, 1944 *†'' Retiolites'' Barrande, 1850 *†'' Rotaretiolites'' Bates & Kirk, 1992 *†'' Sinostomatograptus'' Huo, 1957 *†'' Stomatograptus'' Tullberg, 1883 *†'' Tscharyschograptus'' Sennikov, 1984 Subfamily Plectograptinae *†'' Agastograptus'' Obut & Zaslavskaya, 1983 *†'' Baculograptus'' Lenz & Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2002 *†'' Balticograptus'' Bouček & Münch, 1952 *†'' Cometograptus'' Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2001 *†'' Doliogr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
