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Auxilia Palatina
''Auxilia palatina'' (sing. ''auxilium palatinum'') were infantry units of the Late Roman army, first raised by Constantine I as part of the new field army he created in about 325 AD. Some of the senior and probably oldest of these units had special names such as ''Cornuti'' or '' Brachiati''; others were named after the tribes from which they were recruited (many of these in eastern Gaul, or among the German barbarians). These units all became palatine units when a distinction was drawn between ''palatina'' and the remainder of the ''comitatenses'' around 365. There is no direct evidence for the strength of an ''auxilium'', but A.H.M. Jones (''History of the Later Roman Empire'', Blackwell, Oxford, 1964 p 682) estimates that it may have been 600 or 700. Some '' auxilia'' are attested as ''limitanei'', especially on the Danube. It is not clear whether these were regarded as a different category of unit. List of ''auxilia palatina'' List of the ''auxilia palatina'' included in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Roman Army
In modern scholarship, the "late" period of the Roman army begins with the accession of the Emperor Diocletian in AD 284, and ends in 480 with the death of Julius Nepos, being roughly coterminous with the Dominate. During the period 395–476, the army of the Roman Empire's western half progressively disintegrated, while its counterpart in the East, known as the East Roman army (or the early Byzantine army) remained largely intact in size and structure until the reign of Justinian I (r. AD 527–565). The Imperial Roman army of the Principate (30 BC – 284 AD) underwent a significant transformation as a result of the chaotic 3rd century. Unlike the army of the Principate, the army of the 4th century was heavily dependent on conscription and its soldiers were paid much less than in the 2nd century. Barbarians from outside the empire probably supplied a much larger proportion of the late army's recruits than in the army of the 1st and 2nd centuries, but there is little evidenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heruli (military Unit)
The ''Heruli'' was an ''auxilia palatina'' unit of the Late Roman army, active between the 4th and the 5th century. It was composed of 500 soldiers and was the heir of those ethnic groups that were initially used as auxiliary units of the Roman army and later integrated in the Roman Empire after the ''Constitutio Antoniniana''. Their name was derived from the people of the Heruli. In the sources they are usually recorded together with the '' Batavi'', and it is probable the two units fought together. At the beginning of the 5th century two related units are attested, the ''Heruli seniores'' in the West and the ''Heruli iuniores'' in the East. History The ''Heruli'' probably belonged to the army of the emperor Julian, and probably fought in the Battle of Strasbourg (357), even if the sources do not mention them. In 360, before Julian received the order to send most of his troops to Emperor Constantius II for a campaign in the East, the ''Heruli'', the '' Batavi'' and two ''nume ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regii
The ''Regii'' or ''Reges'' was a Germanic ''auxilia palatina'' (light infantry) unit of the Late Roman army, active between the 4th and the 5th century. There was also a ''legio comitatensis'' with the same name. The Regii had its main period of action in the mid-4th century when they were recruited to fight against the Alamannic incursions and invasions of the Roman Empire. Most likely the Regii themselves were composed of Alamannic or Suebi recruits, and were recruited for their extensive knowledge and familiarity with the Suebic Alamanni and their allies. History This unit was probably formed under Constantius II or Magnentius, even if another reconstruction suggests they originated during the Constantinian period and formed by the Alamannic king Crocus. The ''Regii'' belonged to the army of the emperor Julian. They fought in the Battle of Strasbourg (357): they were deployed on the second line and held, together with the '' Batavi'', the pressure of the Alamannic cavalry t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ampsivarii
The Ampsivarii, sometimes referenced by modern writers as Ampsivari (a simplification not warranted by the sources), were a Germanic tribe mentioned by ancient authors. Their homeland was originally around the middle of the river Ems, which flows into the North Sea at the Dutch-German border. Most likely they lived between the Bructeri ''minores'' (located at the delta of the river IJssel) and the Bructeri ''maiores'', who were living south of them on the upper Ems. It is supposed that their name is a Latin rendering of the Germanic "Ems-werer", meaning "men of the Ems". Reconstruction of the location of other tribes in the area places the Ampsivarii on the lower Ems. The names of least two modern towns reflect that of the river and tribe: Emden (in Germany) and Emmen (in the Netherlands). Tacitus The first history tells us of this Germanic identity is very nearly its end. Tacitus in Annales Chapter 13.54,56, relates the sad fate of the men of the Ems, at which they arrived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leones (military Unit) , the inhabitants of León whose homeland is the former Kingdom of León
{{disambig, geo ...
Leones may refer to: * Colegio Los Leones de Quilpué, basketball team from Chile * Sierra Leonean Leone, currency of Sierra Leone * Leones (football team), from El Salvador * , a city in Marcos Juárez Department, Córdoba Province, Argentina * Leones, Herrera, corregimiento in Panama * Leones, Veraguas, corregimiento in Panama * Aerfer Leone, undeveloped fighter aircraft * Subaru Leone, subcompact car * Carea Leonés, Spanish breed dog * Leonese language, a language from the Iberian Peninsula * Leonese people The Leonese ( Leonese: ''Llïoneses;'' Spanish: ''Leoneses'') are a Romance people and subgroup of Spaniards, native to León in Spain. The Leonese Kingdom was an independent kingdom in the Middle Ages until 1230 when it was joined to the Kingd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sagittarii Nervii
''Sagittarii'' (Latin, plural form of ''sagittarius'') is the Latin term for archers. The term ''sagittariorum'' in the title of an infantry or cavalry unit indicated a specialized archer regiment. Regular auxiliary units of foot and horse archers appeared in the Roman army during the early empire.Jeffrey L. Davies: "Roman Arrowheads from Dinorben and the 'Sagittarii' of the Roman Army", Britannia, Vol. 8. (1977), pp. 257-270. During the Principate roughly two thirds of all archers were on foot and one third were horse archers. Mercenary foot archers already served with the Roman republican army, but horse archers were only introduced after the Romans came into conflict with Eastern armies that relied heavily on mounted archery in the 1st century BC, most notably the Parthians, whose mounted archers were decisive for Crassus's major defeat in the Battle of Carrhae. Since the time of Augustus however, Romans and Italians were also levied as dedicated archers. In the early 1st cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petulantes
''Petulantes'' was an ''auxilia palatina'' of the Late Roman army. History It is possible they fought in the Battle of the Milvian Bridge for Emperor Constantine I (312). This assumption is based on the fact that Constantine had possibly had them portrayed on his triumphal arch in Rome. In the 4th century, the ''Petulantes'' were in the army of the emperor Julian. The unit amounted to 500 men, but, in order to obtain a tactically valid unit, they were often united with the '' Celtae''. As part of Julian's army, the ''Petulantes'' took part in the victorious Battle of Strasbourg (357). When Julian, camped in Lutetia, received the order from his cousin the Emperor Constantius II to send some troops (including the ''Petulantes'') to the east, the troops revolted, because Julian had promised to keep them near their families. One of the standard-bearers of the ''Petulantes'', Maurus, put the crown on Julian's head, proclaiming him ''Augustus'' (361). Together with the ''Celtae'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mattiaci
The Mattiaci were by Tacitus recorded as an ancient Germanic tribe and related to the Chatti, their Germanic neighbors to the east. There is no clear definition of what the tribe's name meant. The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography'' suggests that the name is derived from a combination of 'matte', meaning 'a meadow', and 'ach' (pronounced with the 'ch' as in 'loch'), signifying water or a bath. The Mattiaci were settled on border of the Roman Empire on the right side of the Rhine in the area of present-day Wiesbaden (''Aquae Mattiacorum''), the southern Taunus, and the Wetterau. Archaeological evidence of Wiesbaden cannot prove their alleged origin. While the worship of various Gaulic deities like Sirona or Epona is attested, there is so far no evidence for Germanic gods nor for specific products of Germanic origin. Tacitus relates that they were not required to pay tribute to the Romans but were to provide assistance in war and thus were an outpost of Roman rule on the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celts
The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancient Indo-European people, reached the apogee of their influence and territorial expansion during the 4th century bc, extending across the length of Europe from Britain to Asia Minor."; . " e Celts, were Indo-Europeans, a fact that explains a certain compatibility between Celtic, Roman, and Germanic mythology."; . "The Celts and Germans were two Indo-European groups whose civilizations had some common characteristics."; . "Celts and Germans were of course derived from the same Indo-European stock."; . "Celt, also spelled Kelt, Latin Celta, plural Celtae, a member of an early Indo-European people who from the 2nd millennium bce to the 1st century bce spread over much of Europe."; in Europe and Anatolia, identified by their use of Celtic langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
