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Atmospheric Ghost Lights
Atmospheric ghost lights are lights (or fires) that appear in the atmosphere without an obvious cause. Examples include the onibi, hitodama and will-o'-wisp. They are often seen in humid climates. Tsunoda 1979, pages 11-53 According to legend, some lights are wandering spirits of the dead, the work of devils (or yōkai), or the pranks of fairies. They are feared by some people as a portent of death. In other parts of the world, there are folk beliefs that supernatural fires appear where treasure is buried; these fires are said to be the spirits of the treasure or the spirits of humans buried with grave goods. Atmospheric ghost lights are also sometimes thought to be related to UFOs.Kanda 1992, pages 275-278. Some ghost lights such as St. Elmo's fire or the shiranui have been explained as optical phenomena of light emitted through electrical activity. Other types may be due to combustion of flammable gases, ball lightning, meteors, torches and other human-made fires, the mispercepti ...
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Onibi
is a type of atmospheric ghost light in legends of Japan. According to folklore, they are the spirits born from the corpses of humans and animals. They are also said to be resentful people that have become fire and appeared. Also, sometimes the words "will-o'-wisp" or "jack-o'-lantern" are translated into Japanese as "onibi". Outline According to the Wakan Sansai Zue written in the Edo period, it was a blue light like a pine torchlight, and several onibi would gather together, and humans who come close would have their spirit sucked out. Also, from the illustration in the same Zue, it has been guessed to have a size from about two or three centimeters in diameter to about 20 or 30 centimeters, and to float in the air about one or two meters from the ground. According to Yasumori Negishi, in the essay " Mimibukuro" from the Edo period, in chapter 10 "Onibi no Koto", there was an anecdote about an onibi that appeared above Hakone mountain that split into two and flew around, gat ...
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Meiji Period
The is an era of Japanese history that extended from October 23, 1868 to July 30, 1912. The Meiji era was the first half of the Empire of Japan, when the Japanese people moved from being an isolated feudal society at risk of colonization by Western powers to the new paradigm of a modern, industrialized nation state and emergent great power, influenced by Western scientific, technological, philosophical, political, legal, and aesthetic ideas. As a result of such wholesale adoption of radically different ideas, the changes to Japan were profound, and affected its social structure, internal politics, economy, military, and foreign relations. The period corresponded to the reign of Emperor Meiji. It was preceded by the Keiō era and was succeeded by the Taishō era, upon the accession of Emperor Taishō. The rapid modernization during the Meiji era was not without its opponents, as the rapid changes to society caused many disaffected traditionalists from the former samurai ...
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Nara Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of . Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east. Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan. History Nara Prefecture region is considered one of the oldest regions in Japan, having been in existence for thousands of years, and is widely viewed as the Japanese cradle of civilization. Like Kyoto, Nara was one of Imperial Japan's earliest capital cities. The current form of Nara Prefec ...
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Shiki District, Nara
is a Districts of Japan, district located in Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 50,009 and a population density, density of 1,607.49 persons per km2. The total area is 31.11 km2. Towns and villages

* Kawanishi, Nara, Kawanishi * Miyake, Nara, Miyake * Tawaramoto, Nara, Tawaramoto Districts in Nara Prefecture {{Nara-geo-stub ...
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Komatsu, Ishikawa
is a city located in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 108,509 in 42,664 households, and a population density of 290 persons per km². The total area of the city was . Geography Komatsu is located in southwestern Ishikawa Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan and is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the east and Fukui Prefecture to the south. It is located about an hour driving distance southwest from Kanazawa (the capital of Ishikawa Prefecture). Neighbouring municipalities *Ishikawa Prefecture ** Kaga ** Hakusan ** Nomi *Fukui Prefecture ** Katsuyama Climate Komatsu has a humid continental climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Komatsu is 14.3 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2521 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.8 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.9&nb ...
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Imabari, Ehime
file:Imabari City Hall 2021-08 ac (1).jpg, 270px, Imabari City Hall file:Imabari city center area Aerial photograph.2016.jpg, 270px, Aerial view of Imabari city center is a Cities of Japan, city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. It is the second largest city in Ehime Prefecture. , the city had an estimated population of 152,111 in 75947 households and a population density of 360 persons per km². The total area of the city is . The population is the second largest in Ehime Prefecture after Matsuyama City. Geography Imabari is located in central Ehime Prefecture, facing the Seto Inland Sea to the east and northwest, and including a portion of the Geiyo Islands in between Shikoku and Honshu, including Ōmishima Island, Ehime, Ōmishima, Ōshima (Ehime), Ōshima and Hakatajima. The land portion occupies the northeastern part of the Takanawa Peninsula. The highest elevation in the city is Mound Kirō on Ōshima Island at 307.8 meters. Neighbouring municipalities Ehime Prefecture *Ma ...
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Ochi District, Ehime
The is a district located in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. As of 2004 the total population of 8,419 with a total area is 30.35 km2. It consists of one town: * Kamijima History *September 12, 1895 — The village of Yuge broke off the village of Uoshima. *April 1, 1897 — The Noma District was absorbed into the Ochi District. (1 town, 38 villages) *July 1, 1899 — The village of Kameyama broke off from the village of Uzuura. (1 town, 39 villages) *January 1, 1908 — The village of Hashihama gained town status. (2 towns, 38 villages) *January 1, 1908 — The village of Kikuma gained town status. (3 towns, 37 villages) *October 1, 1917 — The village of Sakurai gained town status. (4 towns, 36 villages) *February 11, 1920 — The town of Imabari and the village of Hiyoshi merged to form the city of Imabari. (3 towns, 35 villages) *April 1, 1925 — The village of Kasen merged into the town of Kikuma. (3 towns, 34 villages) *February 11, 1933 — The village of Chikami merged in ...
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Chuokoron-Shinsha
is a Japanese publisher. It was established in 1886, under the name . In 1999, it was acquired by The Yomiuri Shimbun Holdings, and its name was subsequently changed to Chūōkōron-shinsha. Profile The company publishes a wide variety of material, including numerous novels, books, manga and several magazines, including the famous literary magazine and . It also organizes a variety of prestigious literary awards and prizes across Japan, such as the renowned Chūōkōron Prize. Among the numerous novels published by the company include Hiroshi Mori's ''The Sky Crawler'' series, which was adapted into a 2008 anime film from director Mamoru Oshii. The company has also published numerous manga, including Keiji Nakazawa's famed ''Barefoot Gen'' series, Monkey Punch's famed ''Lupin III'' series, Keiko Takemiya's ''Hensōkyoku'', Riyoko Ikeda's noted works ''The Rose of Versailles'', ''Jotei Ekaterina'' and ''Ten no Hate Made: Poland Hishi'', Kaoru Kurimoto and Yumiko Igarashi's '' ...
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Ehime Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Ehime Prefecture has a population of 1,342,011 (1 June 2019) and has a geographic area of 5,676 km2 (2,191 sq mi). Ehime Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the northeast, Tokushima Prefecture to the east, and Kōchi Prefecture to the southeast. Matsuyama is the capital and largest city of Ehime Prefecture and the largest city on Shikoku, with other major cities including Imabari, Niihama, and Saijō. Notable past Ehime residents include three Nobel Prize winners: they are Kenzaburo Oe (1994 Nobel Prize in Literature), Shuji Nakamura (2014 Nobel Prize in Physics), and Syukuro Manabe (2021 Nobel Prize in Physics). History Until the Meiji Restoration, Ehime Prefecture was known as Iyo Province. Since before the Heian period, the area was dominated by fishermen and sailors who played an important role in defending Japan against pirates and Mongolian invasions. After the Battle of Sekigahara, the Tokugaw ...
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