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Astana Gede Inscription
The Astana Gede inscriptions, also known as Kawali inscriptions, refers to six inscriptions discovered in Kabuyutan Kawali area, Ciamis Regency, West Java; the main inscription (Kawali I) bears the longest scripts. All of the inscriptions were written in Old Sundanese language and in Old Sundanese script. Although the inscription does not contain chandrasangkala (chronogram), the inscription was thought to be originated from the second half of the 14th century, based on the name of the king mentioned in this inscription. The inscription was compared to other historical sources, such as ''Carita Parahyangan'' and '' Pustaka Rajya Rajya i Bhumi Nusantara'' manuscripts, and it was concluded that the Kawali I inscription was meant as a ''sakakala'' or commemoration monument to honor the greatness of King Niskala Wastu Kancana, ruler of Sunda ruled from his capital in Kawali. Niskala Wastu Kancana was the sole surviving heir of King Linggabuana, and also the younger brother of Prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kawali
Kawali was the capital of Sunda Kingdom during Galuh period, between early 14th to late 15th century. It is located in present day Astana Gede archaeological site, Kawali subdistrict, Ciamis Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Location The area is located on the eastern slope of Mount Sawal near the source of the Ci Tanduy river, which runs to the southeast to the Segara Anakan lagoon by the Java's southern ocean (Indian Ocean). The ancient city was located approximately 1 kilometres to the southwest from the ''alun-alun'' (square or field) of Kawali town. The Kawali inscriptions, dated from circa late 14th century, were discovered here. The site took form of a park sanctuary filled with large trees and shrubbery. Currently, there are no traces of tangible original structures left in the Astana Gede site, only stone inscriptions placed in small pavilions. It is probably all the buildings, houses, dwellings and palace structures, were all made from organic wooden or thatched materi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ciamis Regency
Ciamis Regency (Indonesian: ''Kabupaten Ciamis'', Sundanese: ) is a landlocked regency in West Java, Indonesia, and shares a provincial border with Central Java. Its seat is the town of Ciamis, also the primary urban center. Formerly, the regency included areas bordering the Indian Ocean, but these southern districts were cut off to form a separate Pangandaran Regency in 2012. The regency now covers 1,536.84 km2, and had a 2020 census population of 1,229,070, but the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 1,430,262. Recent changes Prior to the separation of part of this regency in 2012, it had an area of 2,556.75 km2 and population of 1,528,306 (at the 2010 census); the regency was until 2012 divided into 36 district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...s. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Java
West Java ( id, Jawa Barat, su, ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪, romanized ''Jawa Kulon'') is a province of Indonesia on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung. West Java is bordered by the province of Banten and the country's capital region of Jakarta to the west, the Java Sea to the north, the province of Central Java to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south. With Banten, this province is the native homeland of the Sundanese people, the second-largest ethnic group in Indonesia. West Java was one of the first eight provinces of Indonesia formed following the country's independence proclamation and was later legally re-established on 14 July 1950. In 1966, the city of Jakarta was split off from West Java as a 'special capital region' (), with a status equivalent to that of a province, while in 2000 the western parts of the province were in turn split away to form a separate Banten province. Even following these split-offs, West Java is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Sundanese Language
Old Sundanese (Sundanese script: , Old Sundanese script: , Buda script: , ) is the earliest recorded stage of the Sundanese language which is spoken in the western part of Java. The evidence is recorded in inscriptions from around the 12th to 14th centuries and ancient palm-leaf manuscripts from the 15th to 17th centuries AD. Old Sundanese is no longer used today, but has developed into its descendant, modern Sundanese. Written Evidence Old Sundanese is recorded in stone inscriptions such as the Kawali Inscription in Ciamis, and the Batutulis inscription in Bogor, as well as in inscriptions made from copper plates such as the Kabantenan inscription from the Bekasi area. Other remains documenting the use of Old Sundanese are palm-leaf manuscripts from the Bandung, Garut, and Bogor regions. The manuscripts are now stored in several institutions, including Kabuyutan Ciburuy in Bayongbong Garut, Sri Baduga Museum in Bandung, the National Library of Indonesia in Jakarta, and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Sundanese Script
Old Sundanese script () is a script that developed in West Java in the 14th–18th centuries which was originally used to write Old Sundanese language. The Old Sundanese script is a development of the Pallava script which has reached the stage of modifying its distinctive form as used in lontar texts in the 16th century. History The use of Old Sundanese script in its earliest form is found in the inscriptions found in Astana Gede, Kawali District, Ciamis Regency, and the Kebantenan Inscription in Jatiasih District, Bekasi City. Edi S. Ekajati revealed that the existence of the Old Sundanese script had been displaced for a long time due to the expansion of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom into the Priangan region, except for Cirebon and Banten. At that time the Sundanese conquerors made Javanese culture their role model and ideal type. As a result, Sundanese culture was displaced by Javanese culture. In fact, many Sundanese writers and cultural observers use Javanese writings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chronogram
A chronogram is a sentence or inscription in which specific letters, interpreted as numerals (such as Roman numerals), stand for a particular date when rearranged. The word, meaning "time writing", derives from the Greek words ''chronos'' (χρόνος "time") and ''gramma'' (γράμμα, "letter"). In the ''pure chronogram'', each word contains a numeral; the ''natural chronogram'' shows all numerals in the correct numerical order, e.g. AMORE MATVRITAS = MMVI = 2006. Chronograms in versification are referred to as ''chronosticha'' if they are written in hexameter and ''chronodisticha'' if they are written in distich. In the ancient Indonesian Hindu-Buddhist tradition, especially in ancient Java, chronograms were called ''chandrasengkala'' and usually used in inscriptions to signify a given year in the Saka calendar. Certain words were assigned their specific number, and poetic phrases were formed from these selected words to describe particular events that have their own n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carita Parahyangan
Carita Parahyangan ( en, Tale of Parahyangan, official Sundanese script: ) is a text contained in a single manuscript written around the late 16th century, registered as Kropak 406 from the former collection of the Bataviaasch Genootschap voor Kunsten en Wetenschappen (Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences), now in the ''Perpustakaan National'' (National Library) in Jakarta. It was identified as early as 1882 by Holle as the "Carita Parahyangan", the name derived from Parahyangan highlands in West Java, originated from Sundanese words which means "the abode of hyangs (gods)". Since that time the manuscript has received much scholarly attention. The Carita Parahyangan tells the history of Sunda Kingdom, from the early Galuh period in the early 8th century, during the era of Wretikandayun and King Sanjaya, until the fall of Pakuan Pajajaran in the 16th century, the capital of Sunda kingdom under invasion by the Banten Sultanate assisted by the Cirebon and Demak Sultanates. The manus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niskala Wastu Kancana
King Niskala Wastu Kancana or also known as Prabu Raja Wastu or popularly known as Wastu Kancana (c. 1348 – 1475) was one of the great kings of the Sunda Kingdom reigning throughout most of the 15th century. According to ''Carita Parahyangan'', he ruled for 104 years, between 1371–1475. Early life Wastu was the youngest son of Prabu Maharaja and the brother of Princess Pitaloka Citraresmi, which together, with most of Wastu's family, perished in Pasunda Bubat incident. In 1357, his family went to Majapahit in East Java to marry Wastu's eldest sister, Princess Pitaloka, with Maharaja Hayam Wuruk of Majapahit. As a child, Wastu however, was left to stay in Kawali palace, and did not accompany his family to travel to faraway Trowulan in Majapahit. Gajah Mada, the ambitious prime minister of Majapahit, saw the event as an opportunity to demand Sunda Kingdom submission to Majapahit overlordship. He demanded Princess Pitaloka to be given as a mere concubine, as a token of submiss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunda Kingdom
The Sunda Kingdom ( su, , Karajaan Sunda, ) was a Sundanese Hindu kingdom located in the western portion of the island of Java from 669 to around 1579, covering the area of present-day Banten, Jakarta, West Java, and the western part of Central Java. The capital of the Sunda Kingdom moved several times during its history, shifting between the Galuh (Kawali) area in the east and Pakuan Pajajaran in the west. The Sunda Kingdom reached its peak during the reign of King Sri Baduga Maharaja, whose reign from 1482 to 1521 is traditionally remembered as an age of peace and prosperity among Sundanese people. According to primary historical records such as the Bujangga Manik manuscript, the eastern border of the kingdom was the Pamali River (Ci Pamali, the present-day Brebes River) and the Serayu River (Ci Sarayu) in Central Java. Most accounts of the Sunda Kingdom come from primary historical records from the 16th century. The kingdom's inhabitants were primarily the eponymous ethni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dyah Pitaloka Citraresmi
Dyah Pitaloka Citraresmi or Citra Rashmi (1340–1357), was the princess of the Sunda Kingdom in Western Java. According to the Pararaton or ''Book of Kings'', she was supposed to marry Hayam Wuruk, the new young king of Majapahit who had a great desire to take her as his queen. However, in the tragedy known as The Bubat Incident she took her own life. Tradition describes her as a young woman of extraordinary beauty. Wedding proposal Hayam Wuruk, king of Majapahit decided, probably for political reasons, to take princess Citra Rashmi (Pitaloka) as his spouse. She was a daughter of Prabu Maharaja Lingga Buana of the Sunda Kingdom. Patih Madhu, a matchmaker from Majapahit was sent to the kingdom to ask for her hand in royal marriage. Delighted by the proposal and seeing the opportunity to foster an alliance with Majapahit, the mightiest kingdom in the region, the king of Sunda gave his blessing and decided to accompany his daughter to Majapahit for the wedding. In 1357 the Sunda kin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
