Ashraf El-Shihy
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Ashraf El-Shihy
Ashraf El Shihy (in Egyptian Arabic أشرف محمد عبد الحميد الشيحي), is an Egyptian politician, the Minister of Higher Education and Minister of Scientific Research, under President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi and the government of Sherif Ismail. Early life and education Born in Cairo, Ashraf AbdelHamid El Shihy graduated in 1977 from the Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, receiving his bachelor of science in civil engineering. In 1980 he earned a master's degree in civil engineering from the University of Southampton, England, the United Kingdom. Then he got his doctorate degree in civil engineering also from the University of Southampton in 1986. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ashraf El Shihy rose in academic positions to the Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, and Vice President for Graduate Studies and Research. In August 2013, Prof. Dr. Ir. Ashraf El Shihy became the University President (''Chancellor'') of University of Zagazig (in Egyptian Arabic جامعة الزق ...
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Abdel Fattah El-Sisi
Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi; (born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has served as the sixth and current president of Egypt since 2014. Before retiring as a general in the Egyptian military in 2014, Sisi served as Egypt’s deputy prime minister from 2013 to 2014, as its minister of defense from 2012 to 2013, and as its director of military intelligence from 2010 to 2012. He was promoted to the rank of Field Marshal in January 2014. Sisi was born in Cairo in 1954. As a young man, he joined the Egyptian Army and held a post in Saudi Arabia before enrolling in the Egyptian Army's Command and Staff College. Sisi received additional training at the Joint Services Command and Staff College in the United Kingdom in 1992, and at the United States Army War College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 2006. Before becoming director of military intelligence in 2010, he served as a mechanized infantry commander. After the Egyptian re ...
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Graduate Studies
Postgraduate or graduate education refers to academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications pursued by post-secondary students who have earned an undergraduate (bachelor's) degree. The organization and structure of postgraduate education varies in different countries, as well as in different institutions within countries. While the term "graduate school" or "grad school" is typically used in North America, "postgraduate" is often used in countries such as (Australia, Bangladesh, India, Ireland, New Zealand, Pakistan, South Africa, and the UK). Graduate degrees can include master's degrees, doctoral degrees, and other qualifications such as graduate certificates and professional degrees. A distinction is typically made between graduate schools (where courses of study vary in the degree to which they provide training for a particular profession) and professional schools, which can include medical school, law school, business school, and other ...
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Association For The Development Of Education In Africa
The Association for the Development of Education in Africa, previously known as "Donors to African Education", is a "network and partnership" established by a World Bank initiative in 1988. It groups Ministries of Education, international Development Agencies, NGOs and education specialists. It currently focuses on helping Ministers of Education and funding agencies to coordinate their efforts to create successful education policies based on African leadership. ADEA has also become aware of the informal sector's relevance, and thus recognized the need for increased vocational school training as a way to help the informal sector"Diverse forms of learning" ADEA is based in Tunis at the African Development Bank (AfDB) since August 1, 2008. ADEA publishes a newsletter ADEA newsletter to inform about its activities. Programs Programs include: * The Africa Education Journalism Award, launched in 2001 * Triennale (formerly Biennial) Meetings of Ministers of Education, development agenc ...
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Common Market For Eastern And Southern Africa
The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) is a regional economic community in Africa with twenty-one member states stretching from Tunisia to Eswatini. COMESA was formed in December 1994, replacing a Preferential Trade Area which had existed since 1981. Nine of the member states formed a free trade area in 2000 (Djibouti, Egypt, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Sudan, Zambia and Zimbabwe), with Rwanda and Burundi joining the FTA in 2004, the Comoros and Libya in 2006, Seychelles in 2009 and Tunisia and Somalia in 2018. COMESA is one of the pillars of the African Economic Community. In 2008, COMESA agreed to an expanded free-trade zone including members of two other African trade blocs, the East African Community (EAC) and the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC). COMESA is also considering a common visa scheme to boost tourism. Membership Current members Former members Organs According to the treaties, the following organs have decisi ...
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Mohamed Morsi
Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa al-AyyatThe spellings of his first and last names vary. survey of 14 news organizations plus Wikipedia in July 2012archive at Wayback Machine
found that 11 used "Mohamed" and four used "Mohammed"; nine used "Morsi", five used "Mursi", and one used "Morsy". The official Egypt State Information Service uses both "Morsi" and "Morsy". (; ar, محمد محمد مرسي عيسى العياط ; 8 August 1951 – 17 June 2019) was an Egyptian politician, engineer and professor who served as the fifth president of Egypt, from 30 June 2012 to 3 July 2013, when Egyptian Army ranks, General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi removed him from office in a 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, coup d'état after June 2013 Egyptian protests, protests in June. An Islamism, ...
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10th Of Ramadan (city)
10th of Ramadan ( ar, العاشر من رمضان ') is a city located in the Sharqia Governorate, Egypt. It is a first-generation new urban community, and one of the most industrialized. It enjoys close proximity to the city of Cairo, and is considered part of Greater Cairo. It was founded by Presidential Decree No. 249 in 1977 in a bid to attract foreign and local capital with the intent of providing job opportunities for the country's youth, as well as move people away from the Nile Valley to ease the stress on existing infrastructure and reduce congestion. History The city was named for the commencement of the Yom Kippur War otherwise called the October War, it started on 10 Ramadan, 1393 AH according to the Islamic Calendar.
The Guardian, "New cities in the sand: inside Egypt’s dream to con ...
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Red Sea
The Red Sea ( ar, البحر الأحمر - بحر القلزم, translit=Modern: al-Baḥr al-ʾAḥmar, Medieval: Baḥr al-Qulzum; or ; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϩⲁϩ ''Phiom Enhah'' or ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϣⲁⲣⲓ ''Phiom ǹšari''; Tigrinya: ቀይሕ ባሕሪ ''Qeyih Bahri''; ) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez (leading to the Suez Canal). It is underlain by the Red Sea Rift, which is part of the Great Rift Valley. The Red Sea has a surface area of roughly 438,000 km2 (169,100 mi2), is about 2250 km (1398 mi) long, and — at its widest point — 355 km (220.6 mi) wide. It has an average depth of 490 m (1,608 ft), and in the central ''Suakin Trough'' it reaches its maximum depth of . The Red Sea also has exten ...
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Middle East
The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (European part of Turkey), Egypt, Iran, the Levant (including Syria (region), Ash-Shām and Cyprus), Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), and the Socotra Governorate, Socotra Archipelago (a part of Yemen). The term came into widespread usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to the Far East) beginning in the early 20th century. The term "Middle East" has led to some confusion over its changing definitions, and has been viewed by some to be discriminatory or too Eurocentrism, Eurocentric. The region includes the vast majority of the territories included in the closely associated definition of Western Asia (including Iran), but without the South Caucasus, and additionally includes all of Egypt (not just the Sina ...
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Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip of Palestine and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. The Gulf of Aqaba in the northeast separates Egypt from Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Cairo is the capital and largest city of Egypt, while Alexandria, the second-largest city, is an important industrial and tourist hub at the Mediterranean coast. At approximately 100 million inhabitants, Egypt is the 14th-most populated country in the world. Egypt has one of the longest histories of any country, tracing its heritage along the Nile Delta back to the 6th–4th millennia BCE. Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient Egypt saw some of the earliest developments of writing, agriculture, ur ...
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Hurghada
Hurghada (; ar, الغردقة ', ) is a city in the Red Sea Governorate of Egypt. It is one of the country's main tourist centres located on the Red Sea coast. Overview Hurghada was founded in the early 20th century. For many decades it was a small fishing village, but it has grown into a major Red Sea resort as a result of Egyptian and foreign investment that began in the 1980s. Holiday resorts and hotels provide facilities for windsurfing, kitesurfing, yachting, scuba diving and snorkeling. The city is known for its watersports, nightlife and warm weather. Daytime temperatures are around most of the year, and during July and August temperatures can reach over . Hurghada is a popular holiday destination for Europeans, especially during the winter, and some spend Christmas and New Year there. Tourist numbers from Russia dropped significantly after the Metrojet Flight 9268 plane crash in November 2015. Hurghada extends for about along the coast, but does not reach far into ...
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Ministry Of Youth And Sports
A Ministry of Sports or Ministry of Youth and Sports is a kind of government ministry found in certain countries with responsibility for the regulation of sports, particularly those participated in by young people. The Ministry of Youth and Sports ( ne, युवा तथा खेलकुद मन्त्रालय) is a government ministry of Gandaki Province that governs the development of young people and sports in the country. List Examples include: * Coldeportes - Reorganized as the National Ministry of Sports in 2020 (Colombia) * Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports (Brunei) * Ministry of Health and Sports (Burma) * Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs (Georgia) * Ministry of Sports and Youth (Qatar) * Ministry of Sports and Youth (South Korea) * Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports (France) * Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (Iran) * Minister for Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media (Ireland) * Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (India) * Mini ...
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Election
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local government. This process is also used in many other private and business organisations, from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations. The global use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype, ancient Athens, where the elections were considered an oligarchic institution and most political offices were filled using sortition, also known as allotment, by which officeholders were chosen by lot. Electoral reform describes the process of introducing fair electoral systems wher ...
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