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Ascochyta Lentis
''Ascochyta fabae'' is a plant pathogen Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomyc .... See also * List of ''Ascochyta'' species References External links USDA ARS Fungal Database Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Pleosporales Fungi described in 1885 {{Pleosporales stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascochyta Blight
''Didymella rabiei'', commonly called chickpea ascochyta blight fungus, is a fungal plant pathogen of chickpea. ''Didymella rabiei'' is the teleomorph of ''Ascochyta rabiei'', which is the anamorph, but both names are the same species. Names The specific epithet ''rabiei'' refers to or 'rabies of chickpea', a name for the disease. The disease is also referred to as ascochyta blight but there are other fungal species that cause diseases in other pulse species that also go by that term. It also goes by the name blight of chickpea. In French it is called ( lit. 'chickpea anthracnose') or ('chickpea ascochyta'). In German it is referred to as (anthracnose: chickpea'). It is called ('garbanzo ascochyta') or ('rabies of garbanzo') in Spanish. Signs and symptoms Once ascochyta blight has infected a healthy chickpea plant, it will start to develop lesions on all aerial plant parts. If a seed pod becomes infected, it may initially be asymptomatic, but will eventually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vicia Faba
''Vicia faba'', commonly known as the broad bean, fava bean, or faba bean, is a species of vetch, a flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated as a crop for human consumption, and also as a cover crop. Varieties with smaller, harder seeds that are fed to horses or other animals are called field bean, tic bean or tick bean. Horse bean, ''Vicia faba'' var. ''equina'' Pers., is a variety recognized as an accepted name. This legume is very common in Southern European, Northern European, East Asian, Latin American and North African cuisines. Some people suffer from favism, a hemolytic response to the consumption of broad beans, a condition linked to a metabolism disorder known as G6PDD. Otherwise the beans, with the outer seed coat removed, can be eaten raw or cooked. In young plants, the outer seed coat can be eaten, and in very young plants, the seed pod can be eaten. Description ''Vicia faba'' is a stiffly erect, annual plant tall, with two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungus
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the " ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as ''Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (it contains all descendants of one common ancestor). Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomyce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dothideomycetes
Dothideomycetes is the largest and most diverse class of ascomycete fungi. It comprises 11 orders 90 families, 1300 genera and over 19,000 known species. Traditionally, most of its members were included in the loculoascomycetes, which is not part of the currently accepted classification. This indicates that several traditional morphological features in the class are not unique and DNA sequence comparisons are important to define the class. The designation loculoascomycetes was first proposed for all fungi which have ascolocular development. This type of development refers to the way in which the sexual structure, bearing the sexual spores (ascospores) forms. Dothideomycetes mostly produce flask-like structures referred to as pseudothecia, although other shape variations do exist (e.g. see structures found in Hysteriales). During ascolocular development pockets (locules) form first within the vegetative cells of the fungus and then all the subsequent structures form. These includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleosporomycetidae
Pleosporomycetidae is a subclass of Dothideomycetes consisting of four orders: Pleosporales, Hysteriales, Mytilinidiales, and Jahnulales. One of its defining features is the presence of pseudoparaphyses.Eriksson OE, 1981. The families of bitunicate ascomycetes. Opera Botanica 60, 1-220. These are sterile cells extending down from the upper portion of the cavity inside sexual structures containing the sac-like asci with sexually produced spores (ascospores). Pseudoparaphyses are initially attached at both their ends, but sometimes the upper part may become free. Some orders and families where these cells are present remain outside the subclass since DNA based phylogenies A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA.) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological spec ... cannot place them with confidence. However they could concei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleosporales
The Pleosporales is the largest order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate it contains 23 families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species. The majority of species are saprobes on decaying plant material in fresh water, marine, or terrestrial environments, but several species are also associated with living plants as parasites, epiphytes or endophytes. The best studied species cause plant diseases on important agricultural crops e.g. ''Cochliobolus heterostrophus'', causing southern corn leaf blight on maize, ''Phaeosphaeria nodorum'' (''Stagonospora nodorum'') causing glume blotch on wheat and ''Leptosphaeria maculans'' causing a stem canker (called blackleg) on cabbage crops (''Brassica''). Some species of Pleosporales occur on animal dung and a small number occur as lichens and rock-inhabiting fungi. Taxonomy The order was proposed in 1955 as Dothideomycetes with perithecioid ascomata with pseudoparaphyses amongst the asci, at which time there were sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Didymellaceae
The Didymellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales. The have a world-wide distribution. Recent phylogenetic examination of some of the larger genera of the Pleosporales, particularly ''Phoma'', has led to considerable reorganisation of the order, many of the species being placed in this family. It was originally made with ''Atradidymella'', ''Boeremia'', ''Chaetopyrena'', ''Didymella'', ''Endophoma'', ''Leptosphaerulina'', ''Macroventuria'', ''Peyronellaea'', ''Phoma'', ''Platychora'' and ''Stagonosporopsis''. ''Atradidymella'' is now placed within Pleosporales order, and ''Endophoma'' (is unplaced). Taxonomy Genera as accepted by GBIF; * '' Allophoma'' (14) * '' Amerodothis'' (3) * ''Ascochyta'' (819) * '' Ascochytella'' (14) * '' Ascochytula'' (6) * '' Basiascella'' (1) * ''Boeremia'' (26) * '' Calophoma'' (19) * '' Cerebella'' (5) * '' Chaetasbolisia'' (7) * ''Chaetopyrena'' (6) * '' Chlamydosporium'' (1) * '' Deuterophoma'' (3) * ''Didymella'' (34 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascochyta
''Ascochyta'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi, containing several species that are pathogenic to plants, particularly cereal crops. The taxonomy of this genus is still incomplete. The genus was first described in 1830 by Marie-Anne Libert, who regarded the spores as minute asci and the cell contents as spherical spores. Numerous revisions to the members of the genus and its description were made for the next several years. Species that are plant pathogenic on cereals include, '' A. hordei'', '' A. graminea'', '' A. sorghi'', '' A. tritici''. Symptoms are usually elliptical spots that are initially chlorotic and later become a necrotic brown. Management includes fungicide applications and sanitation of diseased plant tissue debris. Some of these pathogens in the genus ''Ascochyta'' affect grass species, including grains. Some species of ''Ascochyta'' *'' Ascochyta asparagina'', Ascochyta blight *'' Ascochyta bohemica'' *'' Ascochyta boltshauseri'' *'' Ascochyta caricae'', S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Pathogen
Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrate, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues. Plant pathology also involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases. Overview Control of plant diseases is crucial to the reliable production of food, and it provides significant problems in agricultural use of land, water, fuel and other inputs. Plants in both natural and cultivated populat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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