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Arunachal Languages
Arunachal languages are the languages in Arunachal Pradesh, India, traditionally classified in Sino-Tibetan languages, but also possibly being language isolates and independent language families. Blench (2011) proposed four language isolates ( Hruso, Miji, Miju, and Puroik) and three independent families ( Mishmic, Kamengic, and Siangic). However, this is disputed by Anderson (2014)Anderson, Gregory D.S. 2014. ''On the classification of the Hruso (Aka) language''. Paper presented at the 20th Himalayan Languages Symposium, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. and others, who consider them to be primary branches of |
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh (, ) is a state in Northeastern India. It was formed from the erstwhile North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) region, and became a state on 20 February 1987. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It shares international borders with Bhutan in the west, Myanmar in the east, and a disputed border with China in the north at the McMahon Line. Itanagar is the state capital of Arunachal Pradesh. Arunachal Pradesh is the largest of the Seven Sister States of Northeast India by area. Arunachal Pradesh shares a 1,129 km border with China's Tibet Autonomous Region. As of the 2011 Census of India, Arunachal Pradesh has a population of 1,382,611 and an area of . It is an ethnically diverse state, with predominantly Monpa people in the west, Tani people in the centre, Mishmi and Tai people in the east, and Naga people in the southeast of the state. About 26 major tribes and 100 sub-tribes live in the state. The main tribes of the state are Adi, Nyshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hruso Language
Hruso, also known as Aka (Angka), is a language of Arunachal Pradesh India. Long assumed to be a Sino-Tibetan language, it may actually be a language isolate. It is spoken by 3,000 people in 21 villages in Thrizino Circle, West Kameng District. The Hruso people inhabit areas of South East Kameng and are concentrated in the Bichom River Valley, and speak English, Hindi, and Miji in addition to Hruso. Bangru (Ləvai), spoken on the Tibetan border, might be related to Hruso, but it seems more likely that it is a dialect of Miji. Locations According to the ''Ethnologue'', Hruso is spoken in the following villages of Thrizino circle, West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh. Hruso is also spoken in Pisang village, Seppa circle, East Kameng district. Status Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taraon Language
Digaro, also Taraon, Tawra, or Darang, is a Digarish language of northeastern Arunachal Pradesh, India and Zayü County, Tibet, China. Names According to Jiang, et al. (2013:2), their autonym is ' or ', and alternatively ' (Deng 登, 僜) in China. The Kaman ( Miju) call them ', the Idu call them ', and the Assamese call them ''Digaro Mishmi''. Distribution India In Arunachal Pradesh, India, Digaro Mishmi is spoken in Hayuliang, Changlagam, and Goiliang circles in the Amjaw district (''Ethnologue''). It is also spoken in Dibang Valley district and Assam. China Jiang, et al. (2013:2) reports that in Zayü County Zayul County () KNAB, retrieved 5 July 2021. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idu Mishmi Language
The Idu Mishmi language () is a small language spoken by the Mishmi people in Dibang Valley district, Lower Dibang Valley district, Lohit district, East Siang district, Upper Siang district of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and in Zayü County of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China. There were 8569 speakers in India in 1981 and 7000 speakers in China in 1994. It is considered an endangered language. Locations In China, Idu Mishmi is spoken in Xiba village 西巴村, which has just over 40 residents and is located at the foot of Xikong Mountain 习孔山. Xiba village is located 10 kilometers from the nearest administrative center, namely Migu village 米古村 (Jiang 2005:4). The Idu live in the Danba River 丹巴江 and E River 额河 watersheds in Zayü County, Tibet. They are officially classified by the Chinese government as ethnic Lhoba people. In India, the Idu are found in Arunachal Pradesh. Script The Idu Mishmi people did not usually have a script of their own. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meyor Language
Zahkring (also Eastern Mishmi or Zaiwa; known as Meyor in India and Zha (Zhahua 扎话) in China) is a language of Arunachal Pradesh and 3 villages in Tibet. Classification Zakhring has been classified as a Midzuish language. Blench and Post (2011) consider Zakhring to be an East Bodish language that has been influenced by Midzu (which they classify as a language isolate) or other divergent languages of the region. In 2015, Blench suggests that Zakhring may be a language isolate. Blench argues that Zakhring had borrowed heavily from Midzu and Tibetic, and then later borrowed from Naga languages and Jingpho as well. Scott DeLancey (2015) considers Meyor to be part of a wider Central Tibeto-Burman group. Names Li and Jiang (2001) reports that the Zakhring have no actual autonym, but are referred to by the neighboring Taraon, Kaman language, Idu, and Tibetan peoples by various names. *' (Taraon exonym) *' (Kaman exonym) *' (Tibetan exonym) *' (Idu exonym; the Idu are located ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miju Language
Kaman (Geman, Geman Deng, Kùmán, Kman), or Miju (Miju Mishmi, Midzu), is a small language of India and China. Long assumed to be a Sino-Tibetan language, it may be a language isolate. Locations In China, the Miju are known as the Deng 僜人. The Deng number over 1,000 in Zayü County, Tibet, China, with 1,000 of the Deng having the autonym ' (大让), and 130 having the autonym ' (格曼) (''Geman''). They are also neighbors with the Idu or ' (义都) people. In India, Miju is spoken in Hawai Circle and the Parsuram Kund area of Lohit District, Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh (, ) is a state in Northeastern India. It was formed from the erstwhile North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) region, and became a state on 20 February 1987. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It shares int ... (Boro 1978, Dasgupta 1977). ''Ethnologue'' reports that Miju is spoken in 25 villages located in high altitude areas to the east of upper Lohit and Dau valleys, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milang Language
Milang is a Siangic or Tani language of Upper Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is spoken in the 3 villages of Milang (Milang: ''Holon''), Dalbing, and Pekimodi (Milang: ''Moobuk Ade''), located in Mariyang Subdivision, Upper Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh (Tayeng 1976). Classification Milang has traditionally been classified as the most divergent of the Tani languages, hence ultimately Sino-Tibetan. Post & Blench (2011) reclassified it as Siangic, on the basis of clear correspondences with the Koro language in vocabulary that may not ultimately be of Sino-Tibetan origin. The implication is that Milang may, like other Siangic languages, harbour a non-Sino-Tibetan substrate, or may be a non-Sino-Tibetan language with Sino-Tibetan features acquired through prolonged contact, perhaps with the neighbouring and much larger Padam tribe, who speak an Eastern Tani language. References *Modi, Milorai (2007). ''The Millangs''. Itanagar: Himalayan Publishers. . *Modi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koro Language (India)
Koro is known as a Tibeto-Burman language belonging to the Sino-Tibetan language family, even though it has resemblances to Tani farther to the east. It has been argued that Koro is actually part of the Greater Siangic family, independent from but influenced by the Sino-Tibetan family. Koro is spoken by about 1,500 people in the Koro-Aka tribe who are found in the East Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh in northeast India. Few speakers are under 20 years old. The majority of Koro speakers live in bilingual households in which one or more members speak Ako or another indigenous language rather than Koro. The Koro-Aka tribe lives among the Aka (Hruso) tribe. However, the Koro-Aka people speak a very distantly related language from the remaining Aka tribe who speak Hruso-Aka. Researchers hypothesize Koro may have originated from a group of people enslaved and brought to the area. Since there are so few people who speak Koro, it is considered an endangered language. Identi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lishpa Language
Lish (also called Lishpa or Khispi) is a Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Chug. The Lish (population 1,567 in 1981) live in Dirang village, a few miles from Chug village, and in Gompatse. The Gompatse variety is not Lish proper, but is rather a lect closely related to Lish.Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Lish is also spoken in Khispi village. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen The Sherdukpen are an ethnic group of Arunachal Pradesh state of India. Their population of 9,663 is centered in West Kameng district in the villages of Rupa, Jigaon, Thongri, Shergaon, to the south of Bomdila. All of these are at elevations be ...), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chug Language
Chug (also called Chugpa or Duhumbi) is a Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Lish. Chug is spoken only in Chug village (population 483 in 1971), located a few miles from Dirang (Blench & Post 2011:3).Roger Blench and Mark Post. 2011. ''(De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconsidering the evidence''. Chug is spoken in Duhumbi village. Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). Chug is spoken by 600 people in 3 main villages. References Further reading *Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus (2017). ''Grammar of Duhumbi (Chugpa)''. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Bern The Unive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sartang Language
Sartang is a small language of India. It is one of the Kho-Bwa languages, closest to Sherdukpen (50–60% lexical similarity). Varieties include Sartang of Jergaon and Sartang of Rahung (Blench 2015).Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Distribution Sartang (Boot Monpa) is spoken in the villages of Khoitam, Rahung, Namku-thangka (Salari), and Boot (Jerigaon) Khoina, West Kameng District (Dondrup 2004:1).Dondrup, Rinchin. 2004. ''An introduction to the Boot Monpa language''. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh. There were 2,986 Sartang people as of 1996. The ''Ethnologue'' lists Jerigaon, Sellary, Khoitam, Rahung, Darbu and Khoina villages in Nafra and Dirang circles, West Kameng district. Varieties According to Roger Blench (2015), Sartang is a cover term referring to various languages spoken in 11 villages southeast of Dirang in Nafra and Dirang circles in West Kameng Dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sherdukpen Language
Sherdukpen (autonym: Mey) is a small language of India. It is one of the Kho-Bwa languages.Post, Mark W. and Roger Blench (2011).Siangic: A new language phylum in North East India, ''6th International Conference of the North East India Linguistics Society'', Tezpur University, Assam, India, Jan 31 – Feb 2 There are two distinct varieties, Mey of Shergaon and Mey of Rupa. The name ''Sherdukpen'' comes from the words Shergaon and ''Tukpen'' (the Monpa name for Rupa) (Blench & Post 2011:3). The language is known to speakers as ''Mey nyuk''. Dialects Lieberherr & Bodt (2017)Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). list the following dialects of Sherdukpen. *Rupa: spoken in Rupa village and two other main villages, as well as nearby hamlets. Likely around 3,000 speakers. *Shergaon: spoken in Shergaon village. Likely around 1,500 speakers. Locations Sherdukpen is spoken in Shergaon, sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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