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Arouch
The Arouch Movement or Berber Arouch Citizens' Movement ( Kabyle: Leɛṛac; French: ''Mouvement citoyen des Aarchs'') is an organization in Algeria representing the Kabyle people, a Berber group of the province of Kabylie. Their name, ''Arouch'', is the plural form of the word ''Arch'', referring to a traditional Kabyle form of democratic political assembly. The movement was started after the Black Spring disturbances in 2001, in which 126 Kabyle protesters were killed by Algerian gendarmes. The Arouch have a horizontal leadership and it has no leader, although charismatic arouch representatives like Belaïd Abrika have emerged. The United States Department of State and Congressional Research Service have reported on state harassment of the Arouch. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Spring (Kabylie)
The Black Spring ( Kabyle: Tafsut Taberkant) was a series of protests and political demonstrations by Kabyle activists in the Kabylie region of Algeria in 2001, which were met by repressive and violent police measures and became a potent symbol of Kabyle discontent with the national government. The protests took place against a backdrop of long-standing cultural marginalization of the Highlander Kabyle, a homogeneous Berber linguistic group in Algeria (Berber speakers form some 25%–35% of the total population, although exact numbers are disputed) despite the most rigid government-sponsored Arabization measures of the 1960s through the 1980s having been lifted. The name "Black Spring" alludes to the events known as the Berber Spring of the 1980s, in which mainly Kabyle civil society activists challenged the ban on Berber culture then in place, demanding cultural rights and democracy. Events In 2001, a young Kabyle student, Massinissa Guermah, was arrested by Algerian gendarmes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabyle People
The Kabyle people ( kab, Izwawen or ''Leqbayel'' or ''Iqbayliyen'', ) are a Berber ethnic group indigenous to Kabylia in the north of Algeria, spread across the Atlas Mountains, east of Algiers. They represent the largest Berber-speaking population of Algeria and the second largest in North Africa. Many of the Kabyles have emigrated from Algeria, influenced by factors such as the Algerian Civil War, cultural repression by the central Algerian government, and overall industrial decline. Their diaspora has resulted in Kabyle people living in numerous countries. Large populations of Kabyle people settled in France and, to a lesser extent, Canada (mainly Québec) and United States. The Kabyle people speak Kabyle, a Berber language. Since the Berber Spring of 1980, they have been at the forefront of the fight for the official recognition of Berber languages in Algeria. History Fatimid Caliphate Between 902 and 909 the Fatimid state had been founded by the Kutama Berbers from L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berberist Political Parties
Berberism or Amazighism is a Berber political-cultural movement of ethnic, geographic, or cultural nationalism, started mainly in Kabylia (Algeria) and in Morocco, later spreading to the rest of the Berber communities in the Maghreb region of North Africa. A Berber group, the Tuaregs, have been in rebellion against Mali since 2012, and established a temporarily ''de facto'' independent state called Azawad, which identified itself as Berber. The Berberist movement in Algeria and Morocco is in opposition to cultural Arabization and the pan-Arabist political ideology. In Azawad (northern Mali), the Tuareg-Berberist movement is also secularist and is in opposition to both Arabism and perceived discrimination against nomadic Tuaregs by other Malian groups and the government. Amazigh World Congress The Amazigh World Congress (CMA, ''Congrès Mondial Amazigh''; ''Agraw Amaḍlan Amaziɣ'') is an international non-governmental organization which was begun with the purpose of providi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berberism In Algeria
Berberism or Amazighism is a Berber political-cultural movement of ethnic, geographic, or cultural nationalism, started mainly in Kabylia (Algeria) and in Morocco, later spreading to the rest of the Berber communities in the Maghreb region of North Africa. A Berber group, the Tuaregs, have been in rebellion against Mali since 2012, and established a temporarily ''de facto'' independent state called Azawad, which identified itself as Berber. The Berberist movement in Algeria and Morocco is in opposition to cultural Arabization and the pan-Arabist political ideology. In Azawad (northern Mali), the Tuareg-Berberist movement is also secularist and is in opposition to both Arabism and perceived discrimination against nomadic Tuaregs by other Malian groups and the government. Amazigh World Congress The Amazigh World Congress (CMA, ''Congrès Mondial Amazigh''; ''Agraw Amaḍlan Amaziɣ'') is an international non-governmental organization which was begun with the purpose of provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belaïd Abrika
Belaïd Abrika ( ar, بلعيد عبريكا, born December 10, 1969 in Tizi Ouzou) is a professor of economics at the Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou. He has become one of the best-known modern Kabyles through his role as a leader and spokesperson of the Arouch (''Comité des Âarouchs, Daïras et communes'' or ''CADC'') protest movement in the region of Kabylie in Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig .... He has been arrested several times because of his association with Arouch. In September 2003 he was arrested and beaten by police during a protest of recent government actions to suppress independent newspapers. On August 10, 2004, Abrika was arrested again by Tizi-Ouzou police during a protest at a hospital. He was imprisoned for 28 days. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berbers
, image = File:Berber_flag.svg , caption = The Berber ethnic flag , population = 36 million , region1 = Morocco , pop1 = 14 million to 18 million , region2 = Algeria , pop2 = 9 million to ~13 million , region3 = Mauritania , pop3 = 2.9 million , region4 = Niger , pop4 = 2.6 million, Niger: 11% of 23.6 million , region5 = France , pop5 = 2 million , region6 = Mali , pop6 = 850,000 , region7 = Libya , pop7 = 600,000 , region8 = Belgium , pop8 = 500,000 (including descendants) , region9 = Netherlands , pop9 = 467,455 (including descendants) , region10 = Burkina Faso , pop10 = 406,271, Burkina Faso: 1.9% of 21.4 million , region11 = Egypt , pop11 = 23,000 or 1,826,580 , region12 = Tunisia , pop12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabylie
Kabylia ('' Kabyle: Tamurt n Leqbayel'' or ''Iqbayliyen'', meaning "Land of Kabyles", '','' meaning "Land of the Tribes") is a cultural, natural and historical region in northern Algeria and the homeland of the Kabyle people. It is part of the Tell Atlas mountain range and is located at the edge of the Mediterranean Sea. Kabylia covers two provinces of Algeria: Tizi Ouzou and Bejaia. Gouraya National Park and Djurdjura National Park are also located in Kabylia. History Antiquity Kabylia was a part of the Kingdom of Numidia (202 BC – 46 BC). List of Empires/Dynasties created by the Kabyle people * Zirid Dynasty * Hammadid Dynasty * Fatimid Caliphate * Taifa of Alpuente * Taifa of Granada * Kingdom of Beni Abbes * Kingdom of Kuku Middle Ages The history of Kabylie started to appear in the classical books during the fourth century AD with the revolt of the commander Firmus and his brother Guildon against the empire. The Vandals, a Germanic people, established a kingdo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Forces Front
, Berber: Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen (RƔN) , logo = Socialist Forces Front.png , leader1_title = First National Secretary , leader1_name = Youcef Aouchiche , leader2_title = , leader2_name = , foundation = , headquarters = Tizi Ouzou, Algeria , ideology = , position = Centre-left , national = Forces of the Democratic Alternative , international = , seats1_title = Council of the Nation , seats1 = , legalised = 1990 , colours = , website = , country = Algeria , seats2 = , seats2_title = People's National Assembly , seats3 = , seats3_title = People's Provincial Assemblies , seats4 = , seats4_title = Municipalities , seats5 = , seats5_title = People's Municipal Assemblies The Socialist Forces Front ( ber, Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen (RƔN); ; ) is a social democratic and secularist poli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rally For Culture And Democracy
The Rally for Culture and Democracy ( ber, Agraw i Yidles d Tugdut; ar, التجمع من أجل الثقافة والديمقراطية; french: Rassemblement pour la Culture et la Démocratie, RCD) is a political party in Algeria. It promotes secularism (laïcité) and has its principal power base in Kabylia, a major Berber-speaking region. Some consider it to take the position of a liberal party for the Berber-speaking population in Algerian politics. History and profile The Rally for Culture and Democracy was founded by Saïd Sadi in 1989. He was a presidential candidate in 1995, winning 9.3 percent of the popular vote. In 1997, the party won 19 of 390 seats. The RCD boycotted the 2002 elections. Saïd Sadi was a candidate again in the 2004 presidential election and won 1.9 percent of the vote. The party participated in the 2007 legislative elections, winning 3.36% of the vote and 19 seats. Regional strength In the 2007 legislative election, support for the RCD was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabyle Language
Kabyle () or Kabylian (; native name: ''Taqbaylit'' , ) is a Berber language spoken by the Kabyle people in the north and northeast of Algeria. It is spoken primarily in Kabylia, east of the capital Algiers and in Algiers itself, but also by various groups near Blida, such as the Beni Salah and Beni Bou Yaqob.(extinct?) Estimating the number of Berber speakers is very difficult and figures are often contested. Estimates of the number of Kabyle speakers globally range from three million in 2003 according to the '' International Encyclopedia of Linguistics'' and three million in 2015 in Algeria only to six to seven million worldwide in 2020 according to Asya Pereltsvaig and ''Ethnologue''. Kabyle has a significant Arabic, French, Latin, Greek, Phoenician and Punic substratum, and Arabic loanwords represent 35% of the total Kabyle vocabulary. Classification Kabyle is one of the Berber languages, a family within the Afroasiatic languages. It is believed to have broken off very e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algerian Democracy Movements
Algerian may refer to: * Something of, or related to Algeria * Algerian people This article is about the demographic features of the population of Algeria, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Ninety- ..., a person or people from Algeria, or of Algerian descent * Algerian cuisine * Algerian culture * Algerian Islamic reference * Algerian Mus'haf * Algerian (solitaire) * Algerian (typeface) See also * * Languages of Algeria * List of Algerians {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
