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Argyrotheca Thurmanni
''Argyrotheca'' is a genus of very small to minute Brachiopod, lampshells (maximum long). All species share a large pedicel opening (or foramen), one ridge on the inside of the pedunculate valve, pits in a diamond pattern on the inside of both valves, and without radial ridges that end in tubercles. It occurs in depths between 6 and 1300 m. It is known since the latest Cretaceous. Description Some ''Argyrotheca'' species have red stripes radiating from the pedicle opening (or foramen). These species are among a few living brachiopods with color marking on the shell. All other colored brachiopods are from shallow water too. This kind of color patterns may be a form of camouflage. ''Argyrotheca'' is fastened by a very short and thick stalk. The shell is biconvex with two high and wide ribs radiating close to the midline (a shell-shape called strangulate) and four radiating ribs of declining height and width further lateral (a shell-shape called oppositely multiplicate), smooth or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermaphrodite
In reproductive biology, a hermaphrodite () is an organism that has both kinds of reproductive organs and can produce both gametes associated with male and female sexes. Many Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic groups of animals (mostly invertebrates) do not have separate sexes. In these groups, hermaphroditism is a normal condition, enabling a form of sexual reproduction in which either partner can act as the female or male. For example, the great majority of tunicata, tunicates, pulmonate molluscs, opisthobranch, earthworms, and slugs are hermaphrodites. Hermaphroditism is also found in some fish species and to a lesser degree in other vertebrates. Most plants are also hermaphrodites. Animal species having different sexes, male and female, are called Gonochorism, gonochoric, which is the opposite of hermaphrodite. There are also species where hermaphrodites exist alongside males (called androdioecy) or alongside females (called gynodioecy), or all three exist in the same species ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madracis
''Madracis'' is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Pocilloporidae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution. Description Madracis contains deep water azooxanthellate colonial species. They have a diverse array of growth forms, including fragile branching, dense ramose coralla, massive columnar, nodular and encrusting forms.Neves, Elizabeth & Johnsson, R.. (2009). Taxonomic revision of the southwestern Atlantic Madracis and the description of Madracis fragilis n. sp. (Scleractinia: Pocilloporidae), a new coral species from Brazil. Scientia Marina. 73. 739-746. 10.3989/scimar.2009.73n4739. Species The following species are recognised: *'' Madracis asanoi'' *'' Madracis asperula'' *''Madracis auretenra'' *'' Madracis brueggemanni'' (Ridley, 1881) *'' Madracis carmabi'' Vermeij, Diekmann & Bak, 2003 *† ''Madracis crescentensis'' Durham, 1942 *''Madracis decactis'' (Lyman, 1859) *† '' Madracis densa'' Budd, 1992 *† '' Madracis dodecachora'' Squires, 1958 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mussa (genus)
''Mussa'' is a genus of stony coral in the family Faviidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species ''Mussa angulosa'', commonly known as the spiny or large flower coral. It is found on reefs in shallow waters in the Caribbean Sea, the Bahamas and the Gulf of Mexico. Description ''Mussa angulosa'' is a colonial species and the whole clump forms a low dome that may reach across. The corallites are phaceloid, that is they have a tubular form growing from a common base, in series of one to three, or occasionally up to five. The individual corallites are large, being in diameter and up to high. There are four cycles of septa in each corallite, nearly equal in size; they are narrow and curved, with wide spacing. The individual polyps are very large, sometimes reaching a length of and a diameter of . They completely obscure the short branches of the stony skeleton on which they occur. During the day the polyps appear fleshy, but during the night they expand further ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porites
''Porites'' is a genus of stony coral; they are small polyp stony (SPS) corals. They are characterised by a finger-like morphology. Members of this genus have widely spaced calices, a well-developed wall reticulum and are bilaterally symmetrical. ''Porites'', particularly '' Porites lutea'', often form microatolls. Corals of the genus ''Porites'' also often serve as hosts for Christmas tree worms (''Spirobranchus giganteus''). Aquarium trade Specimens of ''Porites'' are sometimes available for purchase in the aquarium trade. Due to the strict water quality, lighting and dietary requirements, keeping ''Porites'' in captivity is very difficult. Paleoclimatology Porites corals have been shown to be accurate and precise recorders of past marine surface conditions. Measurements of the oxygen isotopic composition of the aragonitic skeleton of coral specimens indicate the sea-surface temperature conditions and the oxygen isotopic composition of the seawater at the time of growth. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montastraea
''Montastraea'' is a genus of colonial Scleractinia, stony coral found in the Caribbean seas. It is the only genus in the monotypic family Montastraeidae and contains a single species, ''Montastraea cavernosa'', known as great star coral. It forms into massive boulders and sometimes develops into plates. Its polyp (zoology), polyps are the size of a human thumb and fully extend at night. Description Great star coral colonies form massive boulders and domes over 5 feet (1.5 m) in diameter in waters of shallow and moderate depths. In deeper waters, this coral has been observed growing as a plate formation. It is found throughout most reef environments, and is the predominant coral at depths of 40–100 feet (12.2-30.5 m). This coral occasionally has a fluorescent red or orange color during daytime; it has recently been suggested that this hue is due to phycoerythrin, a cyanobacterial protein. It appears that, in addition to symbiosis, symbiotic Symbiodinium, zooxanthella, this cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycetophyllia
''Mycetophyllia'' ''Mycetophyllia'' is a genus of stony corals in the family Mussidae. The genera are native to the Caribbean Sea and sometimes kept in reef aquariums. Like all corals in the Mussidae family, ''Mycetophyllia'' are hermatypic, or reef-building corals. They receive nutrients from their symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, which are single-celled photosynthetic dinoflagellates. They are passive suspension feeders that feed on organic matter suspended in the water column. Morphology These coral colonies have flat disc-like or dome structures with scalloped edges. They also have corallites which cover the surface radially towards the center. Depending on the species, they may have a pattern of valleys and ridges on their surface. They are often brown, green, or grey in color and are identified by their thin plates and irregular ridge pattern. There are five known species within ''Mycetophyllia'' each with unique morphological features. ''Mycetophyllia aliciae'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricia
''Agaricia'' is a genus of colonial stony corals in the family Agariciidae. These corals are found in shallow waters of the West Indies. Characteristics Corals in this genus have several different forms but are usually massive, leaf-like or plate-like. Members of the genus are distinguished from other corals by having no walls to the corallites but having clearly delineated septocostae that connect each corallite to its neighbours. Species The World Register of Marine Species recognises the following species: *'' Agaricia agaricites'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *'' Agaricia fragilis'' Dana, 1846 *'' Agaricia grahamae'' Wells, 1973 *'' Agaricia humilis'' Verrill, 1901 *'' Agaricia lamarcki'' Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851 *''Agaricia tenuifolia ''Agaricia tenuifolia'', commonly known as thin leaf lettuce coral, is a species of colonial stony coral in the family Agariciidae. This coral is found in shallow waters in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. Description In sheltered waters, .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gwynia
''Gwynia'' is a genus of very small to minute brachiopods.Voskuil, R. P. A. (2004). De Recente en Tertiaire Brachiopoden van het Nederlandse strand: een inventarisatie van de literatuur en commentaar op het vermeende voorkomen van ''Gwynia capsula'' (Jeffreys, 1859) in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen. ''Het Zeepaard'' 64(2):45-58 Species There are two species in the genus:Emig C. C., Bitner M. A. & Álvarez F., 2019 Brachiopoda database. Accessed 2020-09-27. * ''Gwynia capsula'' (Jeffreys, 1859) * ''Gwynia macrodentata ''Gwynia'' is a genus of very small to minute brachiopods.Voskuil, R. P. A. (2004). De Recente en Tertiaire Brachiopoden van het Nederlandse strand: een inventarisatie van de literatuur en commentaar op het vermeende voorkomen van ''Gwynia capsu ...'' Lüter, 2008 References Terebratulida Brachiopod genera Extant Pleistocene first appearances {{brachiopod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seta
In biology, setae (singular seta ; from the Latin word for "bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Annelid setae are stiff bristles present on the body. They help, for example, earthworms to attach to the surface and prevent backsliding during peristaltic motion. These hairs make it difficult to pull a worm straight from the ground. Setae in oligochaetes (a group including earthworms) are largely composed of chitin. They are classified according to the limb to which they are attached; for instance, notosetae are attached to notopodia; neurosetae to neuropodia. Crustaceans have mechano- and chemosensory setae. Setae are especially present on the mouthparts of crustaceans and can also be found on grooming limbs. In some cases, setae are modified into scale like structures. Setae on the legs of krill and other small crustaceans help them to gather phytoplankton. It captures them and allows th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatomical Terms Of Location
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and anatomical axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether an organism is bipedal or quadrupedal. Additionally, for some animals such as invertebrates, some terms may not have any meaning at all; for example, an animal that is radially symmetrical will have no anterior surface, but can still have a description that a part is close to the middle ("proximal") or further from the middle ("distal"). International organisations have determined vocabularies that are often used as standard vocabularies for subdisciplines of anatom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastrula
Gastrulation is the stage in the early embryonic development of most animals, during which the blastula (a single-layered hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells), or in mammals the blastocyst is reorganized into a multilayered structure known as the gastrula. Before gastrulation, the embryo is a continuous Epithelium, epithelial sheet of cells; by the end of gastrulation, the embryo has begun Cellular differentiation, differentiation to establish distinct cell lineages, set up the basic axes of the body (e.g. Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral, dorsal-ventral, Anatomical terms of location#Anterior and posterior, anterior-posterior), and internalized one or more cell types including the prospective Gastrointestinal tract, gut. In Triploblasty, triploblastic organisms, the gastrula is trilaminar (three-layered). These three germ layers are the ectoderm (outer layer), mesoderm (middle layer), and endoderm (inner layer).Mundlos 2009p. 422/ref>McGeady, 2004: p. 34 In Diplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
