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Ardestan
Ardestan ( fa, اردستان, also Romanized as Ardestān and Ardistān) is a city and capital of Ardestan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 14,698, in 4,077 families. Ardestan is located at the southern foothills of the Karkas mountain chain and is 110 km northeast of Isfahan. It is believed the city has been founded in Sassanian times and was strongly fortified in the 10th century. A Seljuk-era mosque, a bazaar, several ab anbars, and historical houses of the old town are among the tourist attractions of Ardestan. Mulberry, pomegranate and a special kind of fig are the main orchard products of the town. It has been said that the birthplace of Hassan Modarres. Historical sites * Imamzadeh Husayn: This Seljuk imamzadeh possibly made part of a Seljuk madrasah. Only little of this structure remains today. A badly damaged portal with the remains of a minaret (originally two) can still be found. * Imamzadeh Ismael * Jameh Mosque of Ard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ardestan County
Ardestan County ( fa, شهرستان اردستان) is in Isfahan province, Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Ardestan Ardestan ( fa, اردستان, also Romanized as Ardestān and Ardistān) is a city and capital of Ardestan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 14,698, in 4,077 families. Ardestan is located at the southern foo .... At the 2006 census, the county's population was 43,585 in 12,587 households. The following census in 2011 counted 41,405 people in 12,930 households. At the 2016 census, the county's population was 42,105 in 14,140 households. Administrative divisions The population history of Ardestan County's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses is shown in the following table. The latest census shows two districts, seven rural districts, and three cities. References Counties of Isfahan Province {{Isfahan-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jameh Mosque Of Ardestan
The Jāmeh Mosque of Ardestan ( fa, مسجد جامع اردستان – ''Masjid-e-Jāmeh Ardestan'') is a congregational mosque (Jāmeh) in Ardestan, in the province of Isfahan, Iran. It ranks as No. 180 in the Inventory of National Artefacts of Iran. The oldest parts indicate a pre-Seljuk building, and it is possible the mosque was built on the site of a Chahartaq. The structure was incorporated in a Seljuk kiosk mosque in the 12th century, and further expanded to the classical four-iwan plan. The stucco decoration of the mihrab Mihrab ( ar, محراب, ', pl. ') is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the ''qibla'', the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a ''mihrab'' appears is thus the "qibla w ... was altered during the Il-Khanid period. Gallery File:Ardestan Jame Mosque 1.jpg File:Ardestan Jame Mosque 2.jpg File:North Eyvan of Ardestan Jame Mosque.jpg File:Jame-Ardestan.JPG References Ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central District (Ardestan County)
The Central District of Ardestan County ( fa, بخش مرکزی شهرستان اردستان) is a district (bakhsh) in Ardestan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 30,838, in 8,958 families. The District has two cities: Ardestan and Mahabad. The District has five rural districts (''dehestan''): Barzavand Rural District, Garmsir Rural District, Hombarat Rural District, Kachu Rural District, and Olya Rural District , native_name_lang = fa , settlement_type = Rural District , image_skyline = , imagesize = , image_alt = , image_caption = , image_flag = , flag_alt .... References Ardestan County Districts of Isfahan Province {{Ardestan-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hassan Modarres
Seyyed Hassan Modarres ( fa, سید حسن مدرس c. 1870 Sarabeh, 1 December 1937, Kashmar) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a cleric and a notable supporter of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. He was among the founding members, along with Abdolhossein Teymourtash, of the reformist party ''Hezb-e Eslaah-talab'', which was formed during the fourth national Majlis of Iran. He has been called "brave and incorruptible" and "perhaps the most fervent mullah supporter of true constitutional government." Biography The sources disagree on his birthplace. Some mention that he was born in Ardestan around 1870, while others mention that he was born in a village named Sarābe-Kachou ( fa, سرابهکچو) near Ardestan in the early 1870s, and that he moved to Shahreza when he was six. Activities Having studied Islamic sciences in Isfahan and Najaf, Modarres became a religious teacher in an Isfahan's madrasa. The name Modarres, which means "teacher", is because of his job there. In 1910, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Four-iwan Plan
An iwan ( fa, ایوان , ar, إيوان , also spelled ivan) is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. The formal gateway to the iwan is called , a Persian term for a portal projecting from the facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and geometric designs. Since the definition allows for some interpretation, the overall forms and characteristics can vary greatly in terms of scale, material, or decoration. Iwans are most commonly associated with Islamic architecture; however, the form is Iranian in origin and was invented much earlier and fully developed in Mesopotamia around the third century CE, during the Parthian period of Persia. Etymology ''Iwan'' is a Persian word which was subsequently borrowed into other languages such as Arabic and Turkish. Its etymology is unclear. A theory by scholars like Ernst Herzfeld and W. B. Henning proposed that the root of this term is Old ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties Of Iran
Iran's counties (''shahrestan'', fa, شهرستان, also romanized as ''šahrestân'') are administrative divisions of larger provinces (''ostan''). The word ''shahrestan'' comes from the Persian words ' ("city, town") and ' ("province, state"). "County," therefore, is a near equivalent to ''shahrestan''. Counties are divided into one or more districts ( ). A typical district includes both cities ( ) and rural districts ( ), which are groupings of adjacent villages. One city within the county serves as the capital of that county, generally in its Central District. Each county is governed by an office known as ''farmândâri'', which coordinates different public events and agencies and is headed by a ''farmândâr'', the governor of the county and the highest-ranking official in the division. Among the provinces of Iran, Fars has the highest number of ''shahrestans'' (37), while Qom has the fewest (3). In 2005 Iran had 324 ''shahrestans'', while in 2021 there were 467. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karkas Mountain Chain
The Karkas mountain chain (Persian رشته كوه كركس ''Reshteh kuh-e Karkas'') is a mountain range which is located almost in central Iran. Having a northwest-southeast direction, it is stretched from Kashan to Ardestan for more than 100 kilometres. With an elevation of 3895 metres, the highest peak of the Karkas Mountains is Mount Karkas which is situated close to Natanz. Etymology Although in Persian ''karkas'' means vulture, it is possible that the name of this mountain chain is derived from the settlement activity of the ancient Kassites in the area, because in the ancient Assyrian language ''Kar-Kassi'' means "town or land of the Kassites" (modified interpretation after Roman Ghirshman, 1954). Geology The Karkas Mountains were formed mainly during the Eocene volcanism. Located in the Sahand-Bazman volcanic and plutonic belt, this mountain range is composed predominantly of the Eocene volcanic rocks of the Tertiary volcanism. Aside from the Tertiary igneous (plutoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stucco
Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal, expanded metal lath, concrete, cinder block, or clay brick and adobe for decorative and structural purposes. In English, "stucco" sometimes refers to a coating for the outside of a building and "plaster" to a coating for interiors; as described below, however, the materials themselves often have little to no differences. Other European languages, notably Italian, do not have the same distinction; ''stucco'' means ''plaster'' in Italian and serves for both. Composition The basic composition of stucco is cement, water, and sand. The difference in nomenclature between stucco, plaster, and mortar is based more on use than composition. Until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihrab
Mihrab ( ar, محراب, ', pl. ') is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the ''qibla'', the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a ''mihrab'' appears is thus the "qibla wall". The ''minbar'', which is the raised platform from which an imam (leader of prayer) addresses the congregation, is located to the right of the mihrab. Etymology The origin of the word ''miḥrāb'' is complicated and multiple explanations have been proposed by different sources and scholars. It may come from Old South Arabian (possibly Sabaic) ''mḥrb'' meaning a certain part of a palace, as well as "part of a temple where ''tḥrb'' (a certain type of visions) is obtained," from the root word ''ḥrb'' "to perform a certain religious ritual (which is compared to combat or fighting and described as an overnight retreat) in the ''mḥrb'' of the temple." It may also possibly be related to Ethiopic ''məkʷrab'' "temple, sanctua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiosk Mosque
Historically, a kiosk () was a small garden pavilion open on some or all sides common in Persia, the Indian subcontinent, and in the Ottoman Empire from the 13th century onward. Today, several examples of this type of kiosk still exist in and around the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, and they can be seen in Balkan countries. The word is used in English-speaking countries for small booths offering goods and services. In Australia they usually offer food service. Freestanding computer terminals dispensing information are called interactive kiosks. Etymology Etymological data points to the Middle Persian word ''kōšk'' 'palace, portico' as the origin, via Turkish ''köşk'' 'pavilion' and French ''kiosque'' or Italian ''chiosco''. History and origins A kiosk is an open summer-house or pavilion usually having its roof supported by pillars with screened or totally open walls. As a building type, it was first introduced by the Seljuks as a small building attached to the main mosq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mulberry
''Morus'', a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae, consists of diverse species of deciduous trees commonly known as mulberries, growing wild and under cultivation in many temperate world regions. Generally, the genus has 64 identified species, three of which are well-known and are ostensibly named for the fruit color of the best-known cultivar: white, red, and black mulberry (''Morus alba'', '' M. rubra'', and '' M. nigra'', respectively), with numerous cultivars. ''M. alba'' is native to South Asia, but is widely distributed across Europe, Southern Africa, South America, and North America. ''M. alba'' is also the species most preferred by the silkworm, and is regarded as an invasive species in Brazil and the United States. The closely related genus ''Broussonetia'' is also commonly known as mulberry, notably the paper mulberry (''Broussonetia papyrifera''). Description Mulberries are fast-growing when young, and can grow to tall. The leaves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chahartaq (architecture)
Chartaq ( fa, چارطاق), chahartaq (), chartaqi (), or chahartaqi (), literally meaning "having four arches", is an architectural unit consisted of four barrel vaults and a dome. History Chartaqi was a prominent element in Iranian architecture, having various functions and used in both secular and religious contexts for 1,500 years, with the first instance apparently being developed in the Sasanian city of Gor (Firuzabad) in 210s AD by King Ardashir I. The biggest instance of chahartaq is that of the so-called Palace of Shapur I at Bishapur, also in Pars. Many pre-Islamic chahartaqs have survived, but they are usually just the sole surviving structure of a much bigger complex. The chahartaq structure was adopted in Islamic architecture.Dietrich Huff"ČAHĀRṬĀQ" ''Encyclopaedia Iranica'', December 15, 1990 A related concept is ''čahārqāpū'' (). File:Baze Hoor fire temple.jpg, Baze Hoor fire temple, Arsacid period File:Zahak Fortress.jpg, Chahartaqi of the Zahhak Cast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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