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Apostles (Manichaeism)
Mani, the founder of Manichaeism, had 12 Apostles like Jesus. These are some of the known apostles. * Mar Ammo Mar Ammo was a 3rd-century Manichean disciple of the prophet Mani. According to Manichaen tradition he spread Manichaeism eastward into Sogdiana during the time period when Mani was living. Mar Ammo is well known as the apostle of the east in Ma ..., Apostle to the Sogdians * Mar Sisin, the first Manichaean Pope * possibly Mar Zaku, who may alternatively have been in the second generationLieu, Samuel N.C. ''Manichaeism in the Later Roman Empire and Medieval China: a Historical Survey.'' Pages 68-69. Manchester University Press, 1985. * Mar Adda, who preached in the Roman EmpireAndreas-Henning, Mir. Man. II, p. 301ff. References * . Manichaeism {{Manichaeism-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mani (prophet)
Mani (in Middle Persian: 𐭌𐭀𐭍𐭉/𐭬𐭠𐭭𐭩/𐮋𐮀𐮌𐮈/𐬨𐬁𐬥𐬌/𐫖𐫀𐫗𐫏 ''Māni'', New Persian: ''Māni'', Chinese language, Chinese: ''Móní'', Syriac language, Syriac ''Mānī'', Koine Greek, Greek , Latin '; also , Latin ', from Syriac ''Mānī ḥayyā'' "Living Mani", –2 March AD 274 or 26 February AD 277) was an Iranian peoples, Iranian prophet and the founder of Manichaeism, a religion most prevalent in late antiquity strongly influenced by Gnosticism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and Buddhism, which was once widespread but is now confined to small areas of China, such as Fujian. Mani was born in or near Seleucia-Ctesiphon (south of modern Baghdad) in Mesopotamia, at the time part of the Parthian Empire. Seven Scriptures of Mani, Seven of his major works were written in Syriac language, Syriac, and the eighth, dedicated to the Sasanian Empire, Sasanian emperor Shapur I, was written in Middle Persian.Henning, W.B., ''The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manichaeism
Manichaeism (; in New Persian ; ) is a former major religionR. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 founded in the 3rd century AD by the Parthian Empire, Parthian prophet Mani (prophet), Mani (AD 216–274), in the Sasanian Empire. Manichaeism teaches an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the conflict between good and evil, struggle between a goodness and value theory, good, spirituality, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Through an ongoing process that takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, whence it came. Its beliefs are based on local Mesopotamian religious movements and Gnosticism. It reveres Mani as the final prophet after Zoroaster, Gautama Buddha, and Jesus. Manichaeism was quickly successful and spread far through the Aramaic language, Aramaic-speaking regions. It thrived be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apostles In The New Testament
In Christian theology and ecclesiology, the apostles, particularly the Twelve Apostles (also known as the Twelve Disciples or simply the Twelve), were the primary Disciple (Christianity), disciples of Jesus according to the New Testament. During the Life of Jesus in the New Testament, life and ministry of Jesus in the Christianity in the 1st century, 1st century AD, the apostles were his closest followers and became the primary teachers of the gospel message of Jesus. There is also an Eastern Christianity, Eastern Christian tradition derived from the Gospel of Luke of there having been as many as Seventy disciples, seventy apostles during the time of Jesus' ministry. The commissioning of the Twelve Apostles during the ministry of Jesus is described in the Synoptic Gospels. After his Resurrection of Jesus, resurrection, Jesus sent eleven of them (as Judas Iscariot by then had Judas Iscariot#Death, died) by the Great Commission to spread his teachings to all nations. This event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mar Ammo
Mar Ammo was a 3rd-century Manichean disciple of the prophet Mani. According to Manichaen tradition he spread Manichaeism eastward into Sogdiana during the time period when Mani was living. Mar Ammo is well known as the apostle of the east in Manichean literature nevertheless his exact origins are unknown. His Syriac name (from ʿAmmānūēl) may denote that he was Aramaic in origin. However, a Parthian origin may also be seen and is mentioned by some scholars, especially due to his outstanding role in establishing the Parthian language as the official language of the eastern Manichean Church, later to be replaced by Sogdian in the sixth century. Furthermore, Mar Ammo is widely regarded as the composer of the Manichaean Parthian hymn-cycles (''Huwīdagmān'' and ''Angad Rōšnan''). Missionary work On his way to eastern Iran, Mar Ammo was accompanied by the Parthian prince Ardavan. According to Manichaean tradition, when he reached the river Oxus on the Sogdian frontier the spi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mar Sisin
Mar Sisin, the letter of the last thought (Syrian: Mār Sîsin, ?–291/292), also known as Sisinnius (Latin: Sisinnius), one of the twelve Apostles of the founder of Mani. He was one of the most influential Manichaeans in the early church, as he served as a core figure of the early church and was the first Manichaean Archegos, the head of the Manichaean religion. Mission Mo Sixin was one of the twelve apostles chosen by Mani himself. When Mani was alive, he had a high status within Manichaeism. When Mani left Babylon, he was responsible for the internal work of the church. He went to the Roman Empire and preached in Central Asia. Around 261-262, Mo Sixin went to Mary to inspect and was very satisfied with the missionary situation there. He sent someone to bring two holy books and to see Mar Ammo who was preaching in Zamb. He copied these books in Mulu. Leading the Church In 273, Mar Ammo went to visit Mani in prison, and Mani delivered the "last letter" to Mohamo, explainin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akouas
Akouas (or Acuas) was an important figure in early Manichaeism. He has been identified with another Manichaean figure from Iranian sources named Mar Zaku. Identity Akouas was an early disciple of Mani, and was sent by him to preach in the Western Sassanid Empire. Epiphanius of Salamis reported that Akouas was a military veteran ("veteranus"), leading Samuel N. C. Lieu to suggest he may have been a Roman prisoner of war who discovered Manichaeism during his "enforced stay" in the Sassanid Empire. Lieu, Samuel N.C. ''Manichaeism in the Later Roman Empire and Medieval China: a Historical Survey.'' Pages 68-69. Manchester University Press, 1985. Significance Epiphanius of Salamis stated that Akouas was the first to bring Manichaeism to his hometown of Eleutheropolis Eleutheropolis (Greek, Ἐλευθερόπολις, "Free City"; ar, إليوثيروبوليس; in Hebrew, בית גוברין, Beit Gubrin) was a Roman and Byzantine city in Syria Palaestina, some 53 km south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mar Adda
Mar Adda (Chinese: 末阿达), was one of the twelve apostles of Mani, the founder of Manichaeism, the year of birth and death is unknown. Dispatched by Manichaeus, Morada, who was the bishop at the time, entered Roman Empire to spread Manichaeism. Apostle Pattīg and Gabryab were walking with him. Pattig returned to Mani in Mesopotamia a year later, and Mani sent three more clerks to bring "The Gospel of Life" And the other two scriptures to Malada. Morada continued Patig's mission and continued to preach in the Roman Empire. He established many monasteries, selected many elect and hearers, wrote some essays, and used wisdom as a weapon to argue with believers of other religions. He converted many people to Manichaeism in Alexandria, where he performed miracles. Mar Adda cured Nafšā (Nafšā) in Palmyra, so that she and her sisters and family, Queen Tadī and her husband, the lord of Palmyra, Septimi Septimius all converted to Manichaeism. The timing of Mar Adda's activities i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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