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Antoinette Gérard
Antoinette Gérard (1909–1958), known as the Duchesse d'Harcourt through her marriage, was a French writer and resistance fighter, best known for her affair with actress and singer Arletty. Biography Antoinette Gérard was the daughter of Baron François Gérard (1880–1929), deputy for Calvados from 1919 to 1928, and Catherine d'Aliney d'Elva (1888-1977). In 1937, she published a collection of poems entitled ''Neiges'' ("Snows"), some of which were set to music by Henri Sauguet. During the German occupation of France, she joined the French Resistance. Arrested by the Germans, she was imprisoned in Fresnes for a year. She married François-Charles d'Harcourt on December 17, 1927, with whom she had two children, including the politician François d'Harcourt. As a lesbian, she had an affair with the French actress Arletty Léonie Marie Julie Bathiat (15 May 1898 – 23 July 1992), known professionally as Arletty, was a French actress, singer, and fashion model. As an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resistance During World War II
During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground. The resistance movements in World War II can be broken down into two primary politically polarized camps: * the Internationalism (politics), internationalist and usually Communist Party-led anti-fascist resistance that existed in nearly every country in the world; and * the various nationalist groups in German-occupied Europe, German- or Soviet-Military occupation, occupied countries, such as the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland, that opposed both Nazi Germany and the Communists. While historians and governments of some European countries have attempted to portray resistance to Nazi occupation as widespread among their populations, only a small minority of p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arletty
Léonie Marie Julie Bathiat (15 May 1898 – 23 July 1992), known professionally as Arletty, was a French actress, singer, and fashion model. As an actress she is particularly known for classics directed by Marcel Carné, including '' Hotel du Nord'' (1938), '' Le jour se lève'' (1939) and '' Children of Paradise'' (1945). She was found guilty of treason for an affair with a German officer during World War II. Early years Arletty was born on 15 May 1898 in Courbevoie (near Paris), to a working-class family. After her father's death, she left home and pursued a modeling career. She took the stage name "Arlette" based on the heroine of a story by Guy de Maupassant. She was not interested in acting until she met Paul Guillaume, an art dealer. He recommended some theaters and, at the age of 21, she was hired. Her early career was dominated by the music hall, and she later appeared in plays and cabaret. In 1928 she performed in Maurice Yvain's operetta ''Yes'' at the Théâtre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deputy (France)
Deputies (, ), also known in English as members of Parliament (MPs), are the legislators who sit in the National Assembly (France), National Assembly, the lower house of the French Parliament. The 17th legislature of the French Fifth Republic, 17th and current legislature of the Fifth French Republic, Fifth Republic has a total of List of deputies of the 17th National Assembly of France, 577 deputies, elected in List of constituencies of the National Assembly of France, 577 constituencies across Metropolitan France, metropolitan (539) and overseas France (27), as well as for Constituencies for French residents overseas, French residents overseas (11). Name The term "deputy" is associated with the legislator's task to deputise for the people of his or her constituency. Current There are currently 577 legislative seats in the National Assembly. They are elected through the two-round system in Single-member district, single-member List of constituencies of the National Assembly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calvados (department)
Calvados (, , ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.Populations légales 2019: 14 Calvados , INSEE History Calvados is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790, in application of the law of 22 December 1789. It had been part of the former province of . The name "Orne-Infér ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François D'Harcourt
François d'Harcourt (10 December 1928 – 5 November 2020), 12th Duke of Harcourt, was a French politician. Biography He was the son of François-Charles d'Harcourt, 11th Duke of Harcourt, and Antoinette Gérard, a French resistant. From 1954 to 1955, François served as Chief of Cabinet of the Ministry of Armed Forces (France), Ministry of Armed Forces. Also a journalist, he was an editor for ''Jours de France'' from 1956 to 1958. He was a major reporter abroad in Africa in 1960 and Asia in 1962. D'Harcourt was elected General Councillor of the Canton of Balleroy, serving from 1955 to 1958 and again from 1967 to 1994. He was elected to the National Assembly (France), National Assembly for Calvados's 4th constituency on 11 March 1973. He was reelected continuously until 1986. He was a member of the Union for French Democracy and was part of the Centrist Union of Democrats for Progress. On 17 January 1975, he voted to decriminalize abortion under the "Veil Law". In 1988, he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesbian
A lesbian is a homosexual woman or girl. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction. Relatively little in history was documented to describe female homosexuality, though the earliest mentions date to at least the 500s BC. When early sexologists in the late 19th century began to categorize and describe homosexual behavior, hampered by a lack of knowledge about homosexuality or women's sexuality, they distinguished lesbians as women who did not adhere to female gender roles. They classified them as mentally ill—a designation which has been reversed since the late 20th century in the global scientific community. Women in homosexual relationships in Europe and the United States responded to the discrimination and repression either by hiding their personal lives, or accepting the label of outcast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1909 Births
Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escapes death by fleeing across drift ice, ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * January 9 – The British Nimrod Expedition, ''Nimrod'' Expedition to the South Pole, led by Ernest Shackleton, arrives at the Farthest South, farthest south reached by any prior expedition, at 88°23' S, prior to turning back due to diminishing supplies. * January 11 – The International Joint Commission on US-Canada boundary waters is established. * January 16 – Members of the ''Nimrod'' Expedition claim to have found the magnetic South Pole (but the location recorded may be incorrect). * January 24 – The White Star Liner RMS Republic (1903), RMS ''Republic'' sinks the day after a collision with ''SS Florida'' off Nantucket. Almost all of the 1,500 passengers are rescued. * January 28 – The last United States t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 Deaths
Events January * January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being. * January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed. * January 4 ** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third overland journey to the South Pole, the first to use powered vehicles. ** Sputnik 1 (launched on October 4, 1957) falls towards Earth from its orbit and burns up. * January 13 – Battle of Edchera: The Moroccan Army of Liberation ambushes a Spanish patrol. * January 27 – A Soviet-American executive agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges, also known as the "Lacy-Zarubin Agreement, Lacy–Zarubin Agreement", is signed in Washington, D.C. February * February 1 – Egypt and Syria unite to form the United Arab Republic. * February 2 – The ''Falcons'' aerobatic team of the Pakistan Air Force led by Wg Cdr Zafar Masud (air commodore), Mitty Masud set a World record loop, world record performing a 16 aircraft diamon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
