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Antipope Victor IV (1159-1164)
Two antipopes used the regnal name Victor IV: * Antipope Victor IV (1138) Victor IV (died after April 1139) was an antipope for a short time, from March to 29 May 1138. Biography Possibly he was born in Ceccano, as Gregorio dei Conti di Ceccano. Pope Paschal II created him cardinal-priest of SS. XII Apostoli, at th ... * Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164) (1095–1164) {{DEFAULTSORT:Antipope Victor 04 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antipopes
An antipope ( la, antipapa) is a person who makes a significant and substantial attempt to occupy the position of Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church in opposition to the legitimately elected pope. At times between the 3rd and mid-15th centuries, antipopes were supported by important factions within the Church itself and by secular rulers. Sometimes it was difficult to distinguish which of two claimants should be called pope and which antipope, as in the case of Pope Leo VIII and Pope Benedict V. Persons who merely claim to be pope and have few followers, such as the modern conclavist antipopes, are not classified with the historical antipopes. History Hippolytus of Rome (d. 235) is commonly considered to be the earliest antipope, as he headed a separate group within the Church in Rome against Pope Callixtus I. Hippolytus was reconciled to Callixtus's second successor, Pope Pontian, and both he and Pontian are honoured as saints by the Catholic Church with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antipope Victor IV (1138)
Victor IV (died after April 1139) was an antipope for a short time, from March to 29 May 1138. Biography Possibly he was born in Ceccano, as Gregorio dei Conti di Ceccano. Pope Paschal II created him cardinal-priest of SS. XII Apostoli, at the latest in 1102. He was with the pope at Bèze on 18 February 1107. Investiture controversy In February 1111, King Henry V came to Rome to demand his imperial coronation. On 12 February the ceremony took place at St. Peter's Basilica, and during the welcome at the door, the pope read out a decree, in which he repudiated lay investiture, and ordered all bishops to surrender their imperial fiefs to the emperor immediately and permanently. The king and the indignant bishops retired to discuss the shocking demand, and, as evening approached, the pope refused the coronation. After Mass, he and the cardinals were taken into custody by Henry's armed troops, and on 16 February, after a battle with the Romans in the Borgo, Henry and his captive pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |