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Anthrol
Anthrols (sometimes called anthranols) are the hydroxylated derivatives of anthracene. For the monohydroxo derivatives, three isomers are possible: 1-anthrol, 2-anthrol, and 9-anthrol. The latter exists as a minor tautomer of 9-anthrone. Despite their simplicity, these compounds have little commercial value. 1- and 2-substituted anthracenes typically are prepared via the hydroxy anthroquinone Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula . Isomers include various quinone derivatives. The term anthraquinone however refers to the isomer, 9,10-anthraquinone (IUPAC: 9,10-dioxoan ...s, which means that the preparation of these derivatives is arduous. References {{Reflist Anthracenes Hydroxyarenes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthrone
Anthrone is a tricyclic aromatic ketone. It is used for a common cellulose assay and in the colorimetric determination of carbohydrates. Derivatives of anthrone are used in pharmacy as laxative. They stimulate the motion of the colon and reduce water reabsorption. Some anthrone derivatives can be extracted from a variety of plants, including ''Rhamnus frangula'', ''Aloe ferox'', '' Rheum officinale'', and ''Cassia senna''. Glycosides of anthrone are also found in high amounts in rhubarb leaves, and alongside concentrated amounts of oxalic acid are the reason for the leaves being inedible. Synthesis and reactions Anthrone can be prepared from anthraquinone by reduction with tin or copper. An alternative synthesis involves cyclization of ''o''-benzylbenzoic acid induced with hydrogen fluoride. Anthrone condenses with glyoxal to give, following dehydrogenation, acedianthrone, a useful octacyclic pigment. Tautomer center, 314px, Tautomeric equilibrium for anthrone. Anthrone is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthrone
Anthrone is a tricyclic aromatic ketone. It is used for a common cellulose assay and in the colorimetric determination of carbohydrates. Derivatives of anthrone are used in pharmacy as laxative. They stimulate the motion of the colon and reduce water reabsorption. Some anthrone derivatives can be extracted from a variety of plants, including ''Rhamnus frangula'', ''Aloe ferox'', '' Rheum officinale'', and ''Cassia senna''. Glycosides of anthrone are also found in high amounts in rhubarb leaves, and alongside concentrated amounts of oxalic acid are the reason for the leaves being inedible. Synthesis and reactions Anthrone can be prepared from anthraquinone by reduction with tin or copper. An alternative synthesis involves cyclization of ''o''-benzylbenzoic acid induced with hydrogen fluoride. Anthrone condenses with glyoxal to give, following dehydrogenation, acedianthrone, a useful octacyclic pigment. Tautomer center, 314px, Tautomeric equilibrium for anthrone. Anthrone is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthracene
Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the Economic production, production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue (400–500 nm peak) fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation. Occurrence and production Coal tar, which contains around 1.5% anthracene, remains a major source of this material. Common impurities are phenanthrene and carbazole. The mineral form of anthracene is called freitalite and is related to a coal deposit. A classic laboratory method for the preparation of anthracene is by cyclodehydration of o-methyl- or o-methylene-substituted diarylketones in the so-called Elbs reaction, for example from ''o''-tolyl phenyl ketone. Reactions Reduction Reduction of anthracene with alkali metals yields the deeply colored radical anion salts M+[anthracene]− (M = Li, Na, K). Hydrogenation gives 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthracenes
Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue (400–500 nm peak) fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation. Occurrence and production Coal tar, which contains around 1.5% anthracene, remains a major source of this material. Common impurities are phenanthrene and carbazole. The mineral form of anthracene is called freitalite and is related to a coal deposit. A classic laboratory method for the preparation of anthracene is by cyclodehydration of o-methyl- or o-methylene-substituted diarylketones in the so-called Elbs reaction, for example from ''o''-tolyl phenyl ketone. Reactions Reduction Reduction of anthracene with alkali metals yields the deeply colored radical anion salts M+ nthracenesup>− (M = Li, Na, K). Hydrogenation gives 9,10-dihydroanthrace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthroquinone
Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula . Isomers include various quinone derivatives. The term anthraquinone however refers to the isomer, 9,10-anthraquinone (IUPAC: 9,10-dioxoanthracene) wherein the keto groups are located on the central ring. It is a building block of many dyes and is used in bleaching pulp for papermaking. It is a yellow, highly crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water but soluble in hot organic solvents. It is almost completely insoluble in ethanol near room temperature but 2.25 g will dissolve in 100 g of boiling ethanol. It is found in nature as the rare mineral hoelite. Synthesis There are several current industrial methods to produce 9,10-anthraquinone: # The oxidation of anthracene. Chromium(VI) is the typical oxidant. # The Friedel-Crafts reaction of benzene and phthalic anhydride in presence of AlCl3. o-Benzoylbenzoic acid is an intermediate. This reaction is useful for producing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
