Anomalous X-ray Pulsar
Anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are an observational manifestation of magnetars—young, isolated, highly magnetized neutron stars. These energetic X-ray pulsars are characterized by slow rotation periods of ~2–12 seconds and large magnetic fields of ~1013–1015 gauss (1 to 100 gigateslas). , there were 12 confirmed and 2 candidate AXPs known.SGR/AXP Online Catalog
(An online catalog of SGR/AXP properties maintained by the pulsar group at McGill University) The identification of AXPs with magnetars was motivated by their similarity to

soft gamma repeater A soft gamma repeater (SGR) is an astronomical object which emits large bursts of gamma-rays and X-rays at irregular inter ...
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Magnetar
A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field (∼109 to 1011 T, ∼1013 to 1015 G). The magnetic-field decay powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.Ward; Brownlee, p.286 The existence of magnetars was proposed in 1992 by Robert Duncan and . Their proposal sought to explain the properties of transient sources of gamma rays, now known as soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). Over the following decade, the magnetar hypothesis became widely accepted, and was extended to explain anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs). , 24 confirmed magnetars were known. It has been suggested that magnetars are the source of fast radio bursts (FRB), in particular as a result of findings in 2020 by scientists using the Australian Square Kilometre Array. Description Like other neutron stars, magnetars are around in diameter, and have a mass about 1.4 solar masses. They are formed by the collapse of a star with a mass 10– ...
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Neutron Star
A neutron star is the collapsed core of a massive supergiant star, which had a total mass of between 10 and 25 solar masses, possibly more if the star was especially metal-rich. Except for black holes and some hypothetical objects (e.g. white holes, quark stars, and strange stars), neutron stars are the smallest and densest currently known class of stellar objects. Neutron stars have a radius on the order of and a mass of about 1.4 solar masses. They result from the supernova explosion of a massive star, combined with gravitational collapse, that compresses the core past white dwarf star density to that of atomic nuclei. Once formed, they no longer actively generate heat, and cool over time; however, they may still evolve further through collision or accretion. Most of the basic models for these objects imply that neutron stars are composed almost entirely of neutrons (subatomic particles with no net electrical charge and with slightly larger mass than protons); the electro ...
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X-ray Pulsar
X-ray pulsars or accretion-powered pulsars are a class of astronomical objects that are X-ray sources displaying strict periodic variations in X-ray intensity. The X-ray periods range from as little as a fraction of a second to as much as several minutes. Characteristics An X-ray pulsar consists of a magnetized neutron star in orbit with a normal stellar companion and is a type of binary star system. The magnetic-field strength at the surface of the neutron star is typically about 108 Tesla, over a trillion times stronger than the strength of the magnetic field measured at the surface of the Earth (60 μT). Gas is accreted from the stellar companion and is channeled by the neutron star's magnetic field on to the magnetic poles producing two or more localized X-ray hot spots, similar to the two auroral zones on Earth, but far hotter. At these hotspots the infalling gas can reach half the speed of light before it impacts the neutron star surface. So much gravitational potentia ...
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Magnetic Field
A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to its own velocity and to the magnetic field. A permanent magnet's magnetic field pulls on ferromagnetic materials such as iron, and attracts or repels other magnets. In addition, a nonuniform magnetic field exerts minuscule forces on "nonmagnetic" materials by three other magnetic effects: paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and antiferromagnetism, although these forces are usually so small they can only be detected by laboratory equipment. Magnetic fields surround magnetized materials, and are created by electric currents such as those used in electromagnets, and by electric fields varying in time. Since both strength and direction of a magnetic field may vary with location, it is described mathematically by a function assigning a vector to each point of space, cal ...
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Gauss (unit)
The gauss, symbol (sometimes Gs), is a unit of measurement of magnetic induction, also known as ''magnetic flux density''. The unit is part of the Gaussian system of units, which inherited it from the older CGS-EMU system. It was named after the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1936. One gauss is defined as one maxwell per square centimetre. As the cgs system has been superseded by the International System of Units (SI), the use of the gauss has been deprecated by the standards bodies, but is still regularly used in various subfields of science. The SI unit for magnetic flux density is the tesla (symbol T), which corresponds to . Name, symbol, and metric prefixes Albeit not a component of the International System of Units, the usage of the gauss generally follows the rules for SI units. Since the name is derived from a person's name, its symbol is the uppercase letter ''G''. When the unit is spelled out, it is written in lowercase ("gauss"), unless ...
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Gigatesla
The tesla (symbol: T) is the unit of magnetic flux density (also called magnetic B-field strength) in the International System of Units (SI). One tesla is equal to one weber per square metre. The unit was announced during the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960 and is named in honour of Serbian-American electrical and mechanical engineer Nikola Tesla, upon the proposal of the Slovenian electrical engineer France Avčin. Definition A particle, carrying a charge of one coulomb (C), and moving perpendicularly through a magnetic field of one tesla, at a speed of one metre per second (m/s), experiences a force with magnitude one newton (N), according to the Lorentz force law. That is, : \text = \dfrac. As an SI derived unit, the tesla can also be expressed in terms of other units. For example, a magnetic flux of 1 weber (Wb) through a surface of one square meter is equal to a magnetic flux density of 1 tesla.''The International System of Units (SI), 8th edition'' ...
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Soft Gamma Repeater
A soft gamma repeater (SGR) is an astronomical object which emits large bursts of gamma-rays and X-rays at irregular intervals. It is conjectured that they are a type of magnetar or, alternatively, neutron stars with fossil disks around them. History On March 5, 1979 a powerful gamma-ray burst was noted. As a number of receivers at different locations in the Solar System saw the burst at slightly different times, its direction could be determined, and it was shown to originate from near a supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Over time it became clear that this was not a normal gamma-ray burst. The photons were less energetic in the soft gamma-ray and hard X-ray range, and repeated bursts came from the same region. Astronomer Chryssa Kouveliotou of the Universities Space Research Association (USRA) at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center decided to test the theory that soft gamma repeaters were magnetars. According to the theory, the bursts would cause the object to sl ...
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AXP 1E 2259 Plus 586
AXP may refer to: *The Cisco Systems Application eXtension Platform, a terminated product *Alpha AXP, now known as DEC Alpha, a 64-bit instruction set architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), designed to replace their 32-bit VAX *In astronomy, as an abbreviation for Anomalous X-ray pulsar *the NYSE ticker symbol for American Express *The National Rail code for Alexandra Parade railway station, United Kingdom *The Greek letters for the National Fraternity of Alpha Chi Rho (ΑΧΡ) *Automotive X PRIZE *In webcasting, an abbreviation for ''The Atheist Experience'' *Athlon XP Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the fi ...

AXP 1E 1048-59
Anomalous X-ray pulsar (AXP) 1E 1048.1-5937 was the first AXP ever observed to emit an SGR-like X-ray burst. F. D. Seward & P. A. Charles, ''A Six-Second Periodic X-ray Source in Carina'', ''Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society'', 16, 983 (1984Voir en ligne It is also the closest magnetar to Earth located 2,759 parsecs (9,000 light-years) away in the constellation Carina Carina may refer to: Places Australia * Carina, Queensland, a suburb in Brisbane * Carina Heights, Queensland, a suburb in Brisbane * Carina, Victoria, a locality in Mildura Serbia * Carina, Osečina, a village in the Kolubara District .... References Anomalous X-ray pulsars Carina (constellation) Magnetars {{Var-star-stub ...
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AXP 4U 0142 Plus 61
AXP may refer to: *The Cisco Systems Application eXtension Platform, a terminated product *Alpha AXP, now known as DEC Alpha, a 64-bit instruction set architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), designed to replace their 32-bit VAX *In astronomy, as an abbreviation for Anomalous X-ray pulsar *the NYSE ticker symbol for American Express *The National Rail code for Alexandra Parade railway station, United Kingdom *The Greek letters for the National Fraternity of Alpha Chi Rho (ΑΧΡ) *Automotive X PRIZE *In webcasting, an abbreviation for ''The Atheist Experience'' *Athlon XP Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the fi ...

AXP 1RXS 1708-40
AXP may refer to: *The Cisco Systems Application eXtension Platform, a terminated product *Alpha AXP, now known as DEC Alpha, a 64-bit instruction set architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), designed to replace their 32-bit VAX *In astronomy, as an abbreviation for Anomalous X-ray pulsar *the NYSE ticker symbol for American Express *The National Rail code for Alexandra Parade railway station, United Kingdom *The Greek letters for the National Fraternity of Alpha Chi Rho (ΑΧΡ) *Automotive X PRIZE *In webcasting, an abbreviation for ''The Atheist Experience'' *Athlon XP Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the fi ...

AXP 1E 1841-045
AXP may refer to: *The Cisco Systems Application eXtension Platform, a terminated product *Alpha AXP, now known as DEC Alpha, a 64-bit instruction set architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), designed to replace their 32-bit VAX *In astronomy, as an abbreviation for Anomalous X-ray pulsar *the NYSE ticker symbol for American Express *The National Rail code for Alexandra Parade railway station, United Kingdom *The Greek letters for the National Fraternity of Alpha Chi Rho (ΑΧΡ) *Automotive X PRIZE *In webcasting, an abbreviation for ''The Atheist Experience'' *Athlon XP Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the fi ...