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Anomaloscope
An anomaloscope is an instrument and color vision test, often used to quantify and characterize color blindness. They are expensive and require specialized knowledge to operate, but are viewed as the gold standard for color vision standards. As a result, they are normally used for academic studies, rather than job pre-screening. They are also used to validate other color vision standards with regards to classification of color vision defects. Principle An anomaloscope requires a subject to make a color match between a ''mixture color'' and a ''test color''. The test color is a single spectral color, for which the subject can adjust the brightness. The mixture color combines two spectral colors, for which the subject can adjust the proportion, thereby changing the hue. These two colored lights are positioned side-by-side and the subject changes the two parameters until the colors appear to match. The parameter values at match define the type and strength of the color vision defect. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Color Vision Test
A color vision test is used for measuring color vision against a standard. These tests are most often used to diagnose color vision deficiencies (''color blindness''), though several of the standards are designed to categorize normal color vision into sub-levels. With the large prevalence of color vision deficiencies (8% of males) and the wide range of professions that restrict hiring the colorblind for safety or aesthetic reasons, clinical color vision standards must be designed to be fast and simple to implement. Color vision standards for academic use trade speed and simplicity for accuracy and precision. Applications Color vision standards are used to evaluate the color vision of a subject. They are most commonly applied to job applicants during pre-job screening. The evaluation may be to select against the color vision deficient for roles where basic color vision is required, or to select for individuals with superior color vision for roles where recognition of subtle c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Color Blindness
Color blindness or color vision deficiency (CVD) is the decreased ability to color vision, see color or differences in color. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. Color blindness may make some academic activities more difficult. However, issues are generally minor, and the colorblind automatically develop adaptations and coping mechanisms. People with achromatopsia, total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be Hemeralopia, uncomfortable in bright environments and have visual impairment, decreased visual acuity. The most common cause of color blindness is an Heredity, inherited problem or variation in the functionality of one or more of the three classes of cone cells in the retina, which mediate color vision. The most common form is caused by a genetic disorder called congenital red–green color blindness. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the most common for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Color Vision Defects
Color blindness or color vision deficiency (CVD) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. Color blindness may make some academic activities more difficult. However, issues are generally minor, and the colorblind automatically develop adaptations and coping mechanisms. People with total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be uncomfortable in bright environments and have decreased visual acuity. The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited problem or variation in the functionality of one or more of the three classes of cone cells in the retina, which mediate color vision. The most common form is caused by a genetic disorder called congenital red–green color blindness. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome. Non-color-blind fem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Color Blindness
Color blindness or color vision deficiency (CVD) is the decreased ability to color vision, see color or differences in color. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. Color blindness may make some academic activities more difficult. However, issues are generally minor, and the colorblind automatically develop adaptations and coping mechanisms. People with achromatopsia, total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be Hemeralopia, uncomfortable in bright environments and have visual impairment, decreased visual acuity. The most common cause of color blindness is an Heredity, inherited problem or variation in the functionality of one or more of the three classes of cone cells in the retina, which mediate color vision. The most common form is caused by a genetic disorder called congenital red–green color blindness. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the most common for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rayleigh Match Anomaloscope
Rayleigh may refer to: Science *Rayleigh scattering * Rayleigh–Jeans law *Rayleigh waves *Rayleigh (unit), a unit of photon flux named after the 4th Baron Rayleigh *Rayl, rayl or Rayleigh, two units of specific acoustic impedance and characteristic acoustic impedance, named after the 3rd Baron Rayleigh *Rayleigh criterion in angular resolution *Rayleigh distribution *Rayleigh fading *Rayleigh law on low-field magnetization *Rayleigh length *Rayleigh number, a dimensionless number for a fluid associated with buoyancy driven flow *Rayleigh quotient *Rayleigh–Ritz method *Plateau–Rayleigh instability explains why a falling stream of fluid breaks up into smaller packets *Rayleigh–Taylor instability an instability of an interface between two fluids Title of nobility *Baron Rayleigh **Charlotte Mary Gertrude Strutt, 1st Baroness Rayleigh **John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, physicist, winner of a Nobel Prize in 1904 **Robert John Strutt, 4th Baron Rayleigh, physicist; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Complementary Color
Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out (lose hue) by producing a grayscale color like white or black. When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those two colors. Complementary colors may also be called "opposite colors". Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: *Modern color theory uses either the RGB additive color model or the CMY subtractive color model, and in these, the complementary pairs are red– cyan, green–magenta, and blue–yellow. *In the traditional RYB color model, the complementary color pairs are red–green, yellow–purple, and blue–orange. *Opponent process theory suggests that the most contrasting color pairs are red–green and blue–yellow. *The black-white color pair is common to all the above theories. In different color models Traditional color model The traditional color wheel model dates to the 18th century an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Rayleigh
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, (; 12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919) was an English mathematician and physicist who made extensive contributions to science. He spent all of his academic career at the University of Cambridge. Among many honors, he received the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies." He served as president of the Royal Society from 1905 to 1908 and as chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1908 to 1919. Rayleigh provided the first theoretical treatment of the elastic scattering of light by particles much smaller than the light's wavelength, a phenomenon now known as "Rayleigh scattering", which notably explains why the sky is blue. He studied and described transverse surface waves in solids, now known as "Rayleigh waves". He contributed extensively to fluid dynamics, with concepts such as the Rayleigh number (a dimensio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophthalmologist
Ophthalmology ( ) is a surgery, surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Following a medical degree, a doctor specialising in ophthalmology must pursue additional postgraduate residency (medicine), residency training specific to that field. This may include a one-year integrated internship that involves more general medical training in other fields such as internal medicine or general surgery. Following residency, additional specialty training (or fellowship) may be sought in a particular aspect of eye pathology. Ophthalmologists prescribe medications to treat eye diseases, implement laser therapy, and perform surgery when needed. Ophthalmologists provide both primary and specialty eye care - medical and surgical. Most ophthalmologists participate in academic research on eye diseases at some point in their training an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physiologist
Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical and physical functions in a living system. According to the classes of organisms, the field can be divided into medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology. Central to physiological functioning are biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and communication between cells. ''Physiological state'' is the condition of normal function. In contrast, ''pathological state'' refers to abnormal conditions, including human diseases. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for exceptional scientific achievements in physiology related to the field of medicine. Foundations Cells Although there are difference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willibald Nagel
Willibald Nagel (19 June 1870 – 13 November 1911) was a German physiologist, best known for his work in the field of sensory physiology. Born in Tübingen, Nagel earned doctorates in sciences (1892) and medicine (1893), obtaining his habilitation two years later at the University of Freiburg as an assistant to physiologist Johannes von Kries. In 1902 he became an associate professor in Berlin, where he was appointed head of the sensory physiology department in the institute of physiology. In 1908 he was named professor of physiology at the University of Rostock.NDB/ADB Deutsche Biographie Nagel, Willibald His primary areas of work involved physiological optics and vision, optics, physiology in regards to sense of smell and sense of taste, taste, studies of position and motion sensations and the physiology of the vocal org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CRT Monitor
A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, which emit electron beams that are manipulated to display images on a phosphorescent screen. The images may represent electrical waveforms ( oscilloscope), pictures ( television set, computer monitor), radar targets, or other phenomena. A CRT on a television set is commonly called a picture tube. CRTs have also been used as memory devices, in which case the screen is not intended to be visible to an observer. The term ''cathode ray'' was used to describe electron beams when they were first discovered, before it was understood that what was emitted from the cathode was a beam of electrons. In CRT television sets and computer monitors, the entire front area of the tube is scanned repeatedly and systematically in a fixed pattern called a raster. In color devices, an image is produced by controlling the intensity of each of three electron beams, one for each additive primary color (red, green, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophthalmic Equipment
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Ophthalmic means pertaining to the eye, and can refer to: * Ophthalmology * Ophthalmic nerve * Ophthalmic artery * Ophthalmic veins * Ophthalmic drug administration, as with eye drops See also * Ophthalmia Ophthalmia (also called ophthalmitis) is inflammation of the eye. It results in congestion of the eyeball, often eye-watering, redness and swelling, itching and burning, and a general feeling of irritation under the eyelids. Ophthalmia can have d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
