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Anna Leszczyńska (1660–1727)
Anna Leszczyńska née Jabłonowska (1660–1727) was a Polish noblewoman, born into the House of Jablonowski and the mother of King of Poland Stanislaus I Leszczyński. Life She was the daughter of Hetman Prince Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski and Marianna Kazanowska. In 1676, she married the Grand Treasurer Rafał Leszczyński, son of Deputy Chancellor Bogusław Leszczyński. Her son Stanisław Leszczyński became King of Poland with Swedish support in 1704 and reigned until 1709. During his first reign her brother Jan served as Crown Chancellor. Anna Leszczyńska reportedly lived with her son and his family in his exile after the deposition of 1709, when he moved from Poland to Sweden, in 1714 to Zweibrücken in Germany, and finally, in 1718, to France. Her relationship with Stanislaw was reportedly not happy at this point, as she felt disappointment over the loss of his royal position and exile and blamed this on the actions of Stanislaw, in which she was joined by her dau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafał Leszczyński (1650–1703)
Rafał Leszczyński (1650–1703) from the Leszczyński family of Counts of the Holy Roman Empire, was a Polish nobleman ( szlachcic), father of King of Poland Stanisław I Leszczyński. Biography Rafał held the following noble positions: *Podstoli of the Crown in 1676 *Stolnik of the Crown in 1677 * Krajczy of the Crown in 1678 *Great Chorąży of the Crown in 1683 *Voivode of Kalisz Voivodeship on 1685 *Voivode of Poznań Voivodeship in 1687 *Voivode of Łęczyca Voivodeship and General Starost of Greater Poland in 1692 *Grand Treasurer of the Crown in 1702 *Starost of Wschowa, Mościska, Odolanów, Dubno Dubno ( uk, Ду́бно) is a city and municipality located on the Ikva River in Rivne Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Dubno Raion (district). The city is located on intersection of two major ... and Nowy Dwór 1650 births 1703 deaths Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Rafal Poli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazanowski Family
180px, Marcin Kazanowski (1563/1566-1636) Kazanowski (plural: Kazanowscy) was a Polish noble family. Magnates in the 16th and 17th century. Their origins are traced either to Kazanów in Opoczno County or Kazanów near Lubartów. Notable members * Dominik Kazanowski (d. 1485) – one of the first notable members of the family in Poland. In 1473 he was granted royal permission to buy Biała. *Zygmunt Kazanowski (1563–1634) *Marcin Kazanowski (1563/66–1636) *Adam Kazanowski (1599–1649) * Dominik Aleksander Kazanowski (1605–1648) *Marianna Kazanowska (1643–1687) Palaces Kazanowski Palace Warsaw.jpg, Kazanowski Palace in Warsaw See also *Ciepielów, Masovian Voivodeship *Kazanowski Palace References Bibliography * ''Polski Słownik Biograficzny'', tom XII, Kraków-Wrocław 1966-1967 * Stanisław Szenic, ''Pitawal warszawski'', tom I, Warszawa 1957 * Zygmunt Gloger, '' Geografia historyczna ziem dawnej Polski'', wyd. 1903 r. * S. Orgelbranda Encyklopedia Pows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1660 Births
Year 166 ( CLXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Pudens and Pollio (or, less frequently, year 919 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 166 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Dacia is invaded by barbarians. * Conflict erupts on the Danube frontier between Rome and the Germanic tribe of the Marcomanni. * Emperor Marcus Aurelius appoints his sons Commodus and Marcus Annius Verus as co-rulers (Caesar), while he and Lucius Verus travel to Germany. * End of the war with Parthia: The Parthians leave Armenia and eastern Mesopotamia, which both become Roman protectorates. * A plague (possibly small pox) comes from the East and spreads throughout the Roman Empire, lasting for roughly twenty years. * The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles X Of France
Charles X (born Charles Philippe, Count of Artois; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836) was King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830. An uncle of the uncrowned Louis XVII and younger brother to reigning kings Louis XVI and Louis XVIII, he supported the latter in exile. After the Bourbon Restoration in 1814, Charles (as heir-presumptive) became the leader of the ultra-royalists, a radical monarchist faction within the French court that affirmed rule by divine right and opposed the concessions towards liberals and guarantees of civil liberties granted by the Charter of 1814. Charles gained influence within the French court after the assassination of his son Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry, in 1820 and succeeded his brother Louis XVIII in 1824.Munro Price, ''The Perilous Crown: France between Revolutions'', Macmillan, pp. 185–187. His reign of almost six years proved to be deeply unpopular amongst the liberals in France from the moment of his coronation in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XVIII Of France
Louis XVIII (Louis Stanislas Xavier; 17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824), known as the Desired (), was King of France from 1814 to 1824, except for a brief interruption during the Hundred Days in 1815. He spent twenty-three years in exile: during the French Revolution and the First French Empire (1804–1814), and during the Hundred Days. Until his accession to the throne of France, he held the title of Count of Provence as brother of King Louis XVI. On 21 September 1792, the National Convention abolished the monarchy and deposed Louis XVI, who was later executed by guillotine. When his young nephew Louis XVII died in prison in June 1795, the Count of Provence proclaimed himself (titular) king under the name Louis XVIII. Following the French Revolution and during the Napoleonic era, Louis XVIII lived in exile in Prussia, England, and Russia. When the Sixth Coalition finally defeated Napoleon in 1814, Louis XVIII was placed in what he, and the French royalists, con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XVI Of France
Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. He was referred to as ''Citizen Louis Capet'' during the four months just before he was executed by guillotine. He was the son of Louis, Dauphin of France, son and heir-apparent of King Louis XV, and Maria Josepha of Saxony. When his father died in 1765, he became the new Dauphin. Upon his grandfather's death on 10 May 1774, he became King of France and Navarre, reigning as such until 4 September 1791, when he received the title of King of the French, continuing to reign as such until the monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792. The first part of his reign was marked by attempts to reform the French government in accordance with Enlightenment ideas. These included efforts to abolish serfdom, remove the ''taille'' (land tax) and the ''corvée'' (labour tax), and increase tolerance toward non-Catholics as well as abolis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XV Of France
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defined as his 13th birthday) on 15 February 1723, the kingdom was ruled by his grand-uncle Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, as Regent of France. Cardinal Fleury was chief minister from 1726 until his death in 1743, at which time the king took sole control of the kingdom. His reign of almost 59 years (from 1715 to 1774) was the second longest in the history of France, exceeded only by his predecessor, Louis XIV, who had ruled for 72 years (from 1643 to 1715). In 1748, Louis returned the Austrian Netherlands, won at the Battle of Fontenoy of 1745. He ceded New France in North America to Great Britain and Spain at the conclusion of the disastrous Seven Years' War in 1763. He incorporated the territories of the Duchy of Lorra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Leszczyńska
Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (; ; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768), also known as Marie Leczinska, was Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XV from their marriage on 4 September 1725 until her death in 1768. The daughter of Stanisław Leszczyński, the deposed King of Poland, and Catherine Opalińska, her 42-years and 9 months service was the longest of any queen in French history. A devout Roman Catholic throughout her life, Marie was popular among the French people for her numerous charitable works and introduced many Polish customs to the royal court at Versailles. She was the grandmother of the French kings Louis XVI, Louis XVIII and Charles X. Early life Born as a member of the House of Leszczyński, Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska ( Wieniawa) was the second daughter of Stanislaus I Leszczyński and his wife, Countess Catherine Opalińska. She had an elder sister, Anna Leszczyńska, who died of pneumonia in 1717. Maria's early life was troubled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine Opalińska
Countess Catherine Opalińska ( pl, Katarzyna Opalińska; 13 October 1680 – 19 March 1747), was by birth member of House of Opaliński, Queen consort of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth twice and Duchess consort of Lorraine through her marriage with Stanisław I of Poland. Biography Catherine was the daughter of the magnate Count Jan Karol Opaliński and Zofia Czarnkowska. On May 10, 1698 in Kraków she married Stanisław Leszczyński, who became Duke of Lorraine and was, briefly, king of Poland (reigned as Stanisław I). In 1699, she gave birth to Anna Leszczyńska, and in 1703, to Marie Leszczyńska, the future spouse of Louis XV of France. Catherine suffered 20 miscarriages between 1700 and 1720. Queen In 1704, her spouse was elected King of Poland after having been supported as a candidate by Charles XII of Sweden, who had at the time placed Poland under his occupation. Between November 1704 and July 1705, Charles XII had his headquarters at Rawicz, and the royal coup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski
Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski of the Prus III coat of arms (1669 - 28 April 1731 in Lviv) was a Polish political writer who was a maternal uncle of King Stanisław I Leszczyński, under whom he served as Crown Chancellor in 1706–09. He also held the positions of Crown standard-holder from 1687, voivode-governor of Volhynia since 1693, and also voivode-governor of Ruthenia from 1697. He was the son of Marianna Kazanowska and Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski. Through them he was the brother of Aleksander, Stanisław, Jadwiga, and Anna. Through Anna, he was the uncle of King Stanisław Leszczyński and grand-uncle of Queen Maria Leszczyńska. Despite this family relationship, in 1704, he took part in the Confederation of Sandomierz which supported Augustus II the Strong against his nephew. After Augustus was dethroned, he was suggested as a possible candidate, but never put himself forward; as part of the Northern Wars, Stanisław I Leszczyński was already supported by Karl XII. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogusław Leszczyński
Bogusław Leszczyński, count of Leszno (1614–1659) from the Leszczyński Family of Holy Roman Empire counts, was a Polish noble (''szlachcic'') and politician from Wielkopolska region. Biography Traveled abroad from 1632-1636 with his tutor John Jonston, studied under Comenius. Bogusław held the following official positions: *General Starost of Greater Poland in 1642 *Grand Treasurer of the Crown 1650–1658Robert I. Frost (2004) ''After the Deluge: Poland–Lithuania and the Second Northern War, 1655-1660'', Cambridge University Press, , p. xvii *Deputy Chancellor of the Crown in 1658–1660 *Starost of Bydgoszcz, Samborzec, Sambor, Miedzyrzecz, Międzyrzecz, Ostrów Mazowiecka, Ostrów, Czluchów, Człuchów and Osiek, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Osiek. He was the son of Rafał Leszczyński (1579–1636), Rafał Leszczyński, count of Leszno, and Anna Radzimińska.Jan Grzywiński (1938) (in Polish). ''Kalendarz Ilustrowany kuryer codzienny''. Krakow: Nakł. wydawn. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deputy Chancellor Of The Crown
Chancellor of Poland ( pl, Kanclerz - , from la, cancellarius) was one of the highest officials in the historic Poland. This office functioned from the early Polish kingdom of the 12th century until the end of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795. A respective office also existed in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since the 16th century. Today the office of the chancellor has been replaced by that of the Prime Minister. Chancellors' powers rose together with the increasing importance of written documents. In the 14th century the office of Chancellor of Kraków ( pl, Kanclerz krakowski) evolved into the Chancellor of the Crown ( pl, Kanclerz koronny) and from that period the chancellor powers were greatly increased, as they became responsible for the foreign policy of the entire Kingdom (later, the Commonwealth). The Chancellor was also supposed to ensure the legality of monarch's actions, especially whether or not they could be considered illegal in the context of pacta c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
