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Anisolophus
''Anisolophus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina. The genus was named by Burmeister in 1885 to accommodate the species ''Anchitherium australe'', which they had named earlier in 1879. Soria then referred the species ''Licaphrium floweri'' and ''Anisolophus minisculus'' to the genus, making ''Licaphrium'', named in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, a junior synonym of the genus. Both ''A. australis'' and ''A. floweri'' are known from the Santacrucian age Santa Cruz Formation, while ''A. minisculus'' is known from the Collón Curá Formation. ''Anisolophus'' is considered the senior synonym of the genus ''Licaphrium'', which was named in 1887 by Ameghino for the species ''L. floweri'', now ''A. floweri''. Many other species of ''Licaphrium'' were named, many of which are considered synonyms of ''A. floweri'', '' Tetramerorhinus'', ''Neobrachytherium'', or '' Lophogonodon'', as well as the dubious Doubt is a mental state in which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heptaconus
''Anisolophus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina. The genus was named by Burmeister in 1885 to accommodate the species ''Anchitherium australe'', which they had named earlier in 1879. Soria then referred the species ''Licaphrium floweri'' and ''Anisolophus minisculus'' to the genus, making ''Licaphrium'', named in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, a junior synonym of the genus. Both ''A. australis'' and ''A. floweri'' are known from the Santacrucian age Santa Cruz Formation, while ''A. minisculus'' is known from the Collón Curá Formation. ''Anisolophus'' is considered the senior synonym of the genus ''Licaphrium'', which was named in 1887 by Ameghino for the species ''L. floweri'', now ''A. floweri''. Many other species of ''Licaphrium'' were named, many of which are considered synonyms of ''A. floweri'', ''Tetramerorhinus'', ''Neobrachytherium'', or '' Lophogonodon'', as well as the dubious Doubt is a mental state in which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterotherium
''Proterotherium'' (meaning "first beast") is an extinct genus of litoptern mammal of the family Proterotheriidae that lived during the Late Miocene of Argentina and Chile. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Ituzaingó Formation of Argentina, and the Galera Formation of Chile. Classification The genus ''Proterotherium'' was first described by Florentino Ameghino in 1883, on the basis of fossil remains found in Upper Miocene deposits in Patagonia. The type species is ''Proterotherium cervioides''. Numerous other species have been ascribed to this genus, many of which come from lower-middle Miocene deposits, such as ''P. americanum'', ''P. australe'', ''P. brachygnathum'', ''P. cavum'', ''P. cingulatum'', ''P. curtidens'', ''P. dichotomum'' , ''P. divortium'', ''P. gradatum'', ''P. intermedium'', ''P. karaikense'', ''P. mixtum'', ''P. nitens'', ''P. perpolitum'', ''P. politum'', ''P. main'', and ''P. pyramidatum''. However, many of these species are now considered to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterotheriids
Proterotheriidae is an extinct family of fossil ungulates from the Cenozoic era that displays toe reduction. Despite resembling primitive, small horses, they were only distantly related to them, and instead belonged to the native South American ungulate order Litopterna. Description Two subfamilies and 18 genera of Proterotheriidae are known. All forms were small or medium-sized. Typical is a reduction of the number of toes and brachydont or mesodont teeth. The family is recorded since the late Palaeocene. Various fossils are known from many parts of the South American continent. The diversity decreased in the Miocene to Pliocene and it has been assumed for a long time that they entirely disappeared in the late Pliocene. However, fossils found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay show that one member of the group, '' Neolicaphrium recens'' survived into the Late Pleistocene. Better known genera of the family include '' Diadiaphorus'' and '' Thoatherium'' from the Miocene. Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterotheriidae
Proterotheriidae is an extinction, extinct family of fossil ungulates from the Cenozoic era that displays toe reduction. Despite resembling primitive, small horses, they were only distantly related to them, and instead belonged to the native South American ungulate order Litopterna. Description Two subfamilies and 18 genera of Proterotheriidae are known. All forms were small or medium-sized. Typical is a reduction of the number of toes and brachydont or mesodont teeth. The family is recorded since the late Palaeocene. Various fossils are known from many parts of the South American continent. The diversity decreased in the Miocene to Pliocene and it has been assumed for a long time that they entirely disappeared in the late Pliocene. However, fossils found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay show that one member of the group, ''Neolicaphrium recens'' survived into the Late Lujanian, Pleistocene. Better known genera of the family include ''Diadiaphorus'' and ''Thoatherium'' from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetramerorhinus
''Tetramerorhinus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid litoptern that lived during the Early and Middle Miocene in what is now Argentina and Peru. Description This animal resembled a small horse, with slender, elongated legs. The body was approximately a meter long, and it is supposed to have weighed between 30 to 50 kilograms. The skull had a relatively elongated snout, with nasal bones longer than ''Diadiaphorus'' and with less developed upper incisors. The orbits were positioned near the middle of the skull. The molars had lower crowns than those of more derived proterotheriids, such as ''Proterotherium''. The endocranial cast of a specimen of ''Tetramerorhinus lucarius'' has been preserved, which allowed to reconstruct certain structures of the animal's brain. The brain was quite large relatively to the size of the skull, due to the development, especially in the anterior part, of the neocortex, and to the complexity of the cerebellum. The olfactory lobes were small and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santa Cruz Formation
The Santa Cruz Formation is a geological formation in the Magallanes/Austral Basin in southern Patagonia in Argentina and in adjacent areas of Chile. It dates to the late Early Miocene epoch, and is contemporaneous with eponymous Santacrucian SALMA. The formation extends from the Andes to the Atlantic coast. In its coastal section it is divided into two members, the lower, fossil rich Estancia La Costa Member, which has a lithology predominantly consisting of tuffaceous deposits and fine grained sedimentary claystone and mudstone, and the upper fossil-poor Estancia La Angelina Member, which consists of sedimentary rock, primarily claystone, mudstone, and sandstone. The environment of deposition is interpreted to have been mostly fluvial, with the lowermost part of the Estancia La Costa Member being transitional between fluvial and marine conditions. The environment of the Estancia La Costa Member is thought to have been relatively warm and humid, but likely became somewhat cooler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lophogonodon
''Brachytherium'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid mammal from the Late Miocene to Late Pliocene of Argentina. It is represented by the type and only species ''B. cuspidatum'', a taxon named in 1883 by Ameghino for a partial mandible with teeth. Though it was considered a dubious taxon at times, ''Brachytherium'' was revised as valid by Schmidt in 2015, who also synonymized the species ''Proterotherium gradatum'' and ''Lophogonodon paranensis'', expanding the material known, all of which is from the Ituzaingó Formation. Some material previously referred to ''Brachytherium'' has been given the new name ''Neobrachytherium ''Neobrachytherium'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid mammal from the Late Miocene of Argentina and Uruguay. It is represented by multiple species, including the type ''N. intermedium'', originally named in 1891 by Moreno and Mercerat as a ...''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q111828098 Proterotheriids Miocene mammals of South America Pliocene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossils Of Argentina
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neogene Argentina
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. The Neogene is sub-divided into two epochs, the earlier Miocene and the later Pliocene. Some geologists assert that the Neogene cannot be clearly delineated from the modern geological period, the Quaternary. The term "Neogene" was coined in 1853 by the Austrian palaeontologist Moritz Hörnes (1815–1868). During this period, mammals and birds continued to evolve into modern forms, while other groups of life remained relatively unchanged. The first humans (''Homo habilis'') appeared in Africa near the end of the period. Some continental movements took place, the most significant event being the connection of North and South America at the Isthmus of Panama, late in the Pliocene. This cut off the warm ocean currents from the Pacific to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Placental Genera
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene Mammals Of South America
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
