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Anfal
The Spoils ( ar, ٱلأنفال, ; Spoils of War, Earnings, Savings, Profits) is the eighth chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 75 verses ( āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is a "Medinan surah", completed after the Battle of Badr. It forms a pair with the next surah, At-Tawba. According to the eminent Muslim philosopher Abul A'la Maududi, the chapter was probably revealed in 2 A. H. after the Battle of Badr, the first defensive clash between Meccans and Muslim people of Medina after they fled from persecution in Mecca . As it contains an extensive point-by-point survey of the Battle, it gives the idea that most presumably it was uncovered at very much the same time. Yet, it is additionally conceivable that a portion of the verse concerning the issues emerging because of this Battle may have been uncovered later and joined at the best possible spots to make it a consistent entirety. Name The Surah is nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
At-Tawba
At-Tawbah ( ar, ٱلتوبة, ; The Repentance), also known as Bara'ah ( ar, براءة, ; Repudiation), is the ninth chapter (''sūrah'') of the Quran. It contains 129 verses ('' āyāt'') and is one of the last Medinan surahs. This Surah is reported to have been revealed at the time of the Battle of Tabuk in Madinah in the 9th year of the Hijrah. The Sanaa manuscript preserves some verses, on parchment radiocarbon dated to between 578/44 bh and 669/49ah. It is the only Surah of the Quran that does not begin with ''Bismillah'', the usual opening formula, ''In the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate''. It deals with almost the same topics as those dealt with in Surat al-Anfal. In contrast to all other surahs, Muhammad did not order that this formula should be put at the beginning of this surah. Summary *1-2 Four months’ immunity proclaimed to idolaters *3-5 After four months, all idolaters to be slain, with exception of those with whom treaties have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Badr
The Battle of Badr ( ar, غَزْوَةُ بَدِرْ ), also referred to as The Day of the Criterion (, ) in the Quran, Qur'an and by Muslims, was fought on 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan (calendar month), Ramadan, 2 Anno Hegirae, AH), near the present-day city of Badr, Saudi Arabia, Badr, Madinah Province, Al Madinah Province in Saudi Arabia. Muhammad, commanding an army of his Companions of the Prophet, Sahaba, defeated an army of the Quraysh led by Amr ibn Hishām, better known as Abu Jahl. The battle marked the beginning of the six-year war between Muhammad and his tribe. Prior to the battle, the Muslims and the Meccans had fought several smaller skirmishes in late 623 and early 624. Muhammad took keen interest in capturing Meccan caravans after Hegira, his migration to Medina, seeing it as repayment for his people, the Muhajirun. A few days before the battle, when he learnt of a Makkan caravan returning from the Levant led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Muhammad gathered a small E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Badr
The Battle of Badr ( ar, غَزْوَةُ بَدِرْ ), also referred to as The Day of the Criterion (, ) in the Quran, Qur'an and by Muslims, was fought on 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan (calendar month), Ramadan, 2 Anno Hegirae, AH), near the present-day city of Badr, Saudi Arabia, Badr, Madinah Province, Al Madinah Province in Saudi Arabia. Muhammad, commanding an army of his Companions of the Prophet, Sahaba, defeated an army of the Quraysh led by Amr ibn Hishām, better known as Abu Jahl. The battle marked the beginning of the six-year war between Muhammad and his tribe. Prior to the battle, the Muslims and the Meccans had fought several smaller skirmishes in late 623 and early 624. Muhammad took keen interest in capturing Meccan caravans after Hegira, his migration to Medina, seeing it as repayment for his people, the Muhajirun. A few days before the battle, when he learnt of a Makkan caravan returning from the Levant led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Muhammad gathered a small E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miqdad Ibn Aswad
Miqdaad ibn Amr al-Bahrani ( ar, المقداد بن عمرو ٱلْبَهْرَانِيّ, '), better known as al-Miqdaad ibn al-Aswad al-Kindi ( ar, المقداد بن الأسود ٱلْكِنْدِيّ) or simply Miqdaad, was one of the Sahabah, companions of the Islamic Muhammad, prophet Muhammad. His Kunya (Arabic), kunya was Abu Ma'bad ( ar, أبو معبد). Miqdaad was born in Eastern Arabia. He became fugitive in his hometown and ran to Mecca, where he served Aswad al-Kindi. Miqdaad managed to gain favor of his master, who in turn adopted him as his son. Miqdaad later embraced Islam and became one of the early converts of the new religion founded by Muhammad, before he migrated to Medina due to persecution by the Meccan polytheists. Miqdaad stopped using 'Ibn Aswad' as his name and used his real bloodline Nisba (onomastics), nisba from his fater, 'Ibn Amr', after Qur'anic verse was revealed to forbid one to abolish his own bloodline. In Medina, Miqdad was known in hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerrans, S
This is list of translations of the Quran. :''This is a sub-article to Qur'an translations.'' Historical (up to the 21st century) 7th–10th centuries * Salman the Persian translated the first chapter of the Qur'an, Al-Fatiha, from Arabic to Persian. * Greek: The purpose is unknown but it is confirmed to be the first-ever complete translation of the Quran. It is known (and substantial fragments of it are preserved) because it was used by Nicetas Byzantius, a scholar from Constantinople, in his 'Refutatio' written between 855 and 870. *Although not existing today, a Sindhi translation was completed in 884 in Alwar (present-day Sindh, Pakistan), which had been commissioned by Abdullah bin Umar bin Abdul Aziz. This is inferred from two references: "... an anonymous early 9th century Kashmiri Hindu king ..." wrote a letter to Amir Abdullah bin Umar bin Abdul Aziz of Mansura, requesting him to dispatch a scholar to his court who could explain the tenets of the Islamic shariah in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chapters In The Quran
The Quran is divided into Surahs (chapters) and further divided into Ayahs (verses). The real translation of the word Ayah is actually "Sign f Allah. For a preliminary discussion about the chronological order of chapters see page Surah. Each surah except the ninth (At-Tawba) is preceded by the phrase ' ("In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful."). Twenty-nine surahs are preceded by Muqatta'at (lit. abbreviated or shortened), unique letter combinations whose meanings are unknown. The first surah in the Quran is Surah al-Fatiha. Surahs of the Makkah period are more related to themes such as Resurrection, Judgment, and stories from Judaism and Christianity. Surahs of the Medina period focus more on laws for personal affairs, society, and the state. Table of Surahs {, class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" , + Surah ! # ! Anglicized title(s) ! Arabic title(s) ! class="unsortable" , English title(s) ! Number of verses (Number of Ruk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quranic Timeline
The page gives a timeline of the various events related to the Quran according to traditional Islamic accounts. Events Muhammad * 22 December 609 CE, Muhammad recites a chapter of the Quran for the first time after angel Gabriel, according to Islamic tradition, reveals surah Al-Alaq in the Cave of Hira. * 610 CE, Muhammad receives the second revelation with surah Al-Muddaththir. * 622 CE Al-Baqarah, the first surah after the Hijrah is revealed. * 624 CE Al-Anfal is revealed mentioning the Battle of Badr. * 632 CE surah Al-Ma'ida is revealed, the last sura. Post Muhammad * 633 CE The Qur'an was written down on the order of Abu Bakr in one book form * earlier than 645 -In 2015 the manuscript, which is held by the University of Birmingham was radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 CE (in the Islamic calendar, between 56 BH and 25 AH) * 653 CE The Quran is canonized by Uthman ibn Affan * 657 CE; pages of the Quran are wrapped around swords by Muawiyahs forces during the Battle of Siff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharia
Sharia (; ar, شريعة, sharīʿa ) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition. It is derived from the religious precepts of Islam and is based on the sacred scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and the Hadith. In Arabic, the term ''sharīʿah'' refers to God's immutable divine law and is contrasted with ''fiqh'', which refers to its human scholarly interpretations. In the historical course, fiqh sects have emerged that reflect the preferences of certain societies and state administrations on behalf of people who are interested in the theoretical (method) and practical application (Ahkam / fatwa) studies of laws and rules, but sharia has never been a valid legal system on its own. It has been used together with " customary (Urf) law" since Omar or the Umayyads. It may also be wrong to think that the Sharia, as a religious argument or belief, is entirely within or related to Allah's commands and prohibitions. Several non-graded crimes are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madhhab
A ( ar, مذهب ', , "way to act". pl. مَذَاهِب , ) is a school of thought within ''fiqh'' (Islamic jurisprudence). The major Sunni Mathhab are Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali. They emerged in the ninth and tenth centuries CE and by the twelfth century almost all jurists aligned themselves with a particular madhhab. These four schools recognize each other's validity and they have interacted in legal debate over the centuries. Rulings of these schools are followed across the Muslim world without exclusive regional restrictions, but they each came to dominate in different parts of the world. For example, the Maliki school is predominant in North and West Africa; the Hanafi school in South and Central Asia; the Shafi'i school in East Africa and Southeast Asia; and the Hanbali school in North and Central Arabia. The first centuries of Islam also witnessed a number of short-lived Sunni madhhabs. The Zahiri school, which is considered to be endangered, continues to exer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Manzur
Muhammad ibn Mukarram ibn Alī ibn Ahmad ibn Manzūr al-Ansārī al-Ifrīqī al-Misrī al-Khazrajī () also known as Ibn Manẓūr () (June–July 1233 – December 1311/January 1312) was an Arab lexicographer of the Arabic language and author of a large dictionary, ''Lisan al-ʿArab'' (; ). Biography Ibn Manzur was born in 1233 in Ifriqiya (present day Tunisia). He was of North African Arab descent, from the Banu Khazraj tribe of Ansar as his ''nisba'' al-Ansārī al-Ifrīqī al-Misrī al-Khazrajī suggests. Ibn Hajar reports that he was a judge (qadi) in Tripoli, Libya and Egypt and spent his life as clerk in the Diwan al-Insha', an office that was responsible among other things for correspondence, archiving and copying. Fück assumes to be able to identify him with Muḥammad b. Mukarram, who was one of the secretaries of this institution (the so called ''Kuttāb al-Inshāʾ'') under Qalawun. Following Brockelmann, Ibn Manzur studied philology. He dedicated most of his li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folio From A Qur'an Manuscript, Circa 1305-1307 CE, National Museum Of Iran
The term "folio" (), has three interconnected but distinct meanings in the world of books and printing: first, it is a term for a common method of arranging sheets of paper into book form, folding the sheet only once, and a term for a book made in this way; second, it is a general term for a sheet, leaf or page in (especially) manuscripts and old books; and third, it is an approximate term for the size of a book, and for a book of this size. First, a folio (abbreviated fo or 2o) is a book or pamphlet made up of one or more full sheets of paper, on each of which four pages of text are printed, two on each side; each sheet is then folded once to produce two leaves. Each leaf of a folio book thus is one half the size of the original sheet. Ordinarily, additional printed folio sheets would be inserted inside one another to form a group or "gathering" of leaves prior to binding the book. Second, folio is used in terms of page numbering for some books and most manuscripts that ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Dawud Al-Sijistani
Abū Dāwūd (Dā’ūd) Sulaymān ibn al-Ash‘ath ibn Isḥāq al-Azdī al-Sijistānī ( ar, أبو داود سليمان بن الأشعث الأزدي السجستاني), commonly known simply as Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī, was a scholar of prophetic hadith who compiled the third of the Six major Hadith collections, six "canonical" hadith collections recognized by Sunni Muslims, the ''Sunan Abu Dawood, Sunan Abu Dāwūd''. He was a Persian language, Persian speaker of Arabs, Arab descent. Biography Abū Dā’ūd was born in Sistan and died in 889 in Basra. He traveled widely collecting hadith, ḥadīth (traditions) from scholars in Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Hijaz, Tihamah, Nishapur, and Merv among other places. His focus on legal ḥadīth arose from a particular interest in fiqh (law). His collection included 4,800 ḥadīth, selected from some 500,000. His son, Abū Bakr ‘Abd Allāh ibn Abī Dā’ūd (died 928/929), was a well known ''Hafiz (Quran), ḥāfiẓ'' and author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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