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André Lichnerowicz
André Lichnerowicz (January 21, 1915, Bourbon-l'Archambault – December 11, 1998, Paris) was a noted France, French Differential geometry and topology, differential geometer and Mathematical physics, mathematical physicist of Poland, Polish descent. He is considered the founder of modern Poisson geometry. Biography His grandfather Jan fought in the Polish resistance against the Prussians. Forced to flee Poland in 1860, he finally settled in France, where he married a woman from Auvergne (province), Auvergne, Justine Faure. Lichnerowicz's father, Jean, held agrégation in classics and was secretary of the Alliance française, while his mother, a descendant of paper makers, was one of the first women to earn the agrégation in mathematics. Lichnerowicz's paternal aunt, Jeanne, was a novelist and translator known under the pseudonym . André attended the Lycée Louis-le-Grand and then the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, gaining agrégation in 1936. After two years, he entered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourbon L'Archambault
Bourbon-l'Archambault is a spa town and a Communes of France, commune in the Allier Departments of France, department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France. It is the place of origin of the House of Bourbon. Population Personalities In 1681, Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon, ''Mademoiselle de Tours'' - the third daughter of Louis XIV and his mistress Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan, Françoise-Athénaise, Madame de Montespan - died there at the age of six. On 26 May 1707, Madame de Montespan herself also died at the chateau. The town was Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord's favorite vacation spot. In 1915, mathematician André Lichnerowicz was born here (died 1998). See also *Communes of the Allier department *Bourbonnais *Borvo *House of Bourbon References * External links Town hall website(in French) Tourist office website(in French) Spa information (in French) Communes of Allier Spa towns in France Bourbonnais Allier communes arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles-Michel Marle
Charles-Michel Marle (born 26 November 1934 in Guelma, Algeria) is a French engineer and mathematician, currently a Professor Emeritus at Pierre and Marie Curie University. Biography Charles-Michel Marle completed in 1951 his primary and secondary education in Constantine, Algeria. He was a pupil of the preparatory classes for the grandes écoles at the in Algiers: in 1951-1952, then in 1952-1953. He was admitted to the École Polytechnique in 1953. When he left this school in 1955, he opted for the Corps des mines. He did his military service as a sub-lieutenant at the Engineering School in Angers from October 1955 to February 1956, then in Algeria during the Algerian War, war until 30 December 1956. In 1957 he began attending the École nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines in Paris and from October 1957 to September 1958 he attended the École Nationale Supérieure du Pétrole et des Moteurs, École nationale supérie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poisson Geometry
In differential geometry, a Poisson structure on a smooth manifold M is a Lie bracket \ (called a Poisson bracket in this special case) on the algebra (M) of smooth functions on M , subject to the Leibniz rule : \ = \h + g \ . Equivalently, \ defines a Lie algebra structure on the vector space (M) of smooth functions on M such that X_:= \: (M) \to (M) is a vector field for each smooth function f (making (M) into a Poisson algebra). Poisson structures on manifolds were introduced by André Lichnerowicz in 1977. They were further studied in the classical paper of Alan Weinstein, where many basic structure theorems were first proved, and which exerted a huge influence on the development of Poisson geometry — which today is deeply entangled with non-commutative geometry, integrable systems, topological field theories and representation theory, to name a few. Poisson structures are named after the French mathematician Siméon Denis Poisson, due to thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematical Physics
Mathematical physics refers to the development of mathematics, mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The ''Journal of Mathematical Physics'' defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics (also known as physical mathematics). Scope There are several distinct branches of mathematical physics, and these roughly correspond to particular historical periods. Classical mechanics The rigorous, abstract and advanced reformulation of Newtonian mechanics adopting the Lagrangian mechanics and the Hamiltonian mechanics even in the presence of constraints. Both formulations are embodied in analytical mechanics and lead to understanding the deep interplay of the notions of symmetry (physics), symmetry and conservation law, con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Differential Geometry And Topology
Differential geometry is a mathematical discipline that studies the geometry of smooth shapes and smooth spaces, otherwise known as smooth manifolds. It uses the techniques of differential calculus, integral calculus, linear algebra and multilinear algebra. The field has its origins in the study of spherical geometry as far back as antiquity. It also relates to astronomy, the geodesy of the Earth, and later the study of hyperbolic geometry by Lobachevsky. The simplest examples of smooth spaces are the plane and space curves and surfaces in the three-dimensional Euclidean space, and the study of these shapes formed the basis for development of modern differential geometry during the 18th and 19th centuries. Since the late 19th century, differential geometry has grown into a field concerned more generally with geometric structures on differentiable manifolds. A geometric structure is one which defines some notion of size, distance, shape, volume, or other rigidifying structu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourbon-l'Archambault
Bourbon-l'Archambault is a spa town and a commune in the Allier department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France. It is the place of origin of the House of Bourbon. Population Personalities In 1681, Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon, ''Mademoiselle de Tours'' - the third daughter of Louis XIV and his mistress Françoise-Athénaise, Madame de Montespan - died there at the age of six. On 26 May 1707, Madame de Montespan herself also died at the chateau. The town was Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord's favorite vacation spot. In 1915, mathematician André Lichnerowicz was born here (died 1998). See also * Communes of the Allier department *Bourbonnais *Borvo Borvo or Bormo (Gaulish: *''Borwō'', ''Bormō'') was an ancient Celtic god of healing springs worshipped in Gauls and Gallaecia., s.v. ''Borvo''. He was sometimes identified with the Graeco-Roman god Apollo, although his cult had preserved a high ... * House of Bourbon References * External links ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prix De La Langue Française
The Prix de la langue française is chronologically the first grand prix of the literary season in France. Established in 1986 by the city of Brive-la-Gaillarde in the department of Corrèze, this prize rewards the work of a personality of the literary, artistic or scientific world, which has contributed significantly, through the style of his/her works or his/her action to illustrate the quality and beauty of the French language. It is presented annually at the opening of the . The laureate wins 10000 euros. Jury The jury of the award, with a rotating presidency, is composed of members of the Académie française, the Académie Goncourt and other writers. Laureates * 1986: Jean Tardieu * 1987: Jacqueline de Romilly * 1988: André Lichnerowicz * 1989: Michel Jobert * 1990: Yves Berger * 1991: Pascal Quignard * 1992: Alain Bosquet * 1993: Alain Rey * 1994: Hector Bianciotti * 1995: not awarded * 1996: René de Obaldia * 1997: François Weyergans * 1998: Marcel Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peccot Lectures
The Peccot Lecture (''Cours Peccot'' in French) is a semester-long mathematics course given at the Collège de France. Each course is given by a mathematician under 30 years old who has distinguished themselves by their promising work. The course consists in a series of conferences during which the laureate exposes their recent research works. Being a Peccot lecturer is a distinction that often foresees an exceptional scientific career. Several future recipients of the Fields Medal, Abel Prize, members of the French Academy of Sciences, and professors at the Collège de France are among the laureates. Some of the most illustrious recipients include Émile Borel and the Fields medalists Laurent Schwartz, Jean-Pierre Serre, or Alain Connes. Some Peccot lectures may additionally be granted – exceptionally and irregularly – the Peccot prize or the Peccot–Vimont prize. History The Peccot lectures are among several manifestations organized at the Collège de France which are fun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poisson Manifold
In differential geometry, a Poisson structure on a smooth manifold M is a Lie bracket \ (called a Poisson bracket in this special case) on the algebra (M) of smooth functions on M , subject to the Leibniz rule : \ = \h + g \ . Equivalently, \ defines a Lie algebra structure on the vector space (M) of smooth functions on M such that X_:= \: (M) \to (M) is a vector field for each smooth function f (making (M) into a Poisson algebra). Poisson structures on manifolds were introduced by André Lichnerowicz in 1977. They were further studied in the classical paper of Alan Weinstein, where many basic structure theorems were first proved, and which exerted a huge influence on the development of Poisson geometry — which today is deeply entangled with non-commutative geometry, integrable systems, topological field theories and representation theory, to name a few. Poisson structures are named after the French mathematician Siméon Denis Poisson, due to their ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichnerowicz Formula
The Lichnerowicz formula (also known as the Lichnerowicz–Weitzenböck formula) is a fundamental equation in the analysis of spinors on pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. In dimension 4, it forms a piece of Seiberg–Witten theory and other aspects of gauge theory. It is named after noted mathematicians André Lichnerowicz who proved it in 1963, and Roland Weitzenböck. The formula gives a relationship between the Dirac operator and the Laplace–Beltrami operator acting on spinors, in which the scalar curvature appears in a natural way. The result is significant because it provides an interface between results from the study of elliptic partial differential equations, results concerning the scalar curvature, and results on spinors and spin structures. Given a spin structure on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold ''M'' and a spinor bundle ''S'', the Lichnerowicz formula states that on a section ψ of ''S'', :D^2\psi = \nabla^*\nabla\psi + \frac\operatorname\psi where Sc denotes the scala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichnerowicz Laplacian
In differential geometry there are a number of second-order, linear, elliptic differential operators bearing the name Laplacian. This article provides an overview of some of them. Connection Laplacian The connection Laplacian, also known as the rough Laplacian, is a differential operator acting on the various tensor bundles of a manifold, defined in terms of a Riemannian- or pseudo-Riemannian metric. When applied to functions (i.e. tensors of rank 0), the connection Laplacian is often called the Laplace–Beltrami operator. It is defined as the trace of the second covariant derivative: :\Delta T= \text\;\nabla^2 T, where ''T'' is any tensor, \nabla is the Levi-Civita connection associated to the metric, and the trace is taken with respect to the metric. Recall that the second covariant derivative of ''T'' is defined as :\nabla^2_ T = \nabla_X \nabla_Y T - \nabla_ T. Note that with this definition, the connection Laplacian has negative spectrum. On functions, it agree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
