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André Gonçalves (painter)
André Gonçalves (1685 in Lisbon – 1754 in Lisbon), was a Portuguese painter. He was one of the first artists in his country to adopt French and Italian styles of painting, as opposed to the prevailing Spanish styles. Some sources give his years of birth and death as 1692 and 1762, respectively. Biography At sixteen, he began an apprenticeship in the workshops of , where he studied until 1704. In 1711, he joined the local Guild of Saint Luke and remained a member for life. By this time, he had created his first major work depicting a scene from the life of Saint Amaro for the chest in the sacristy of the Saint's namesake chapel in Lisbon. He began to establish his personal style in the 1720s with work done at the convent of "Our Lady of the Conception of Cardais". At this time, he also appears to have painted the screens in the chapel of "Our Lady Jesuit Church" in Horta on Faial Island, representing the Death of the Virgin and the Apostles at Mary's tomb. In the early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre-Antoine Quillard
Pierre-Antoine Quillard, (; c. 1700 – 25 November 1733) was a French portrait painter and engraver who worked in Portugal. Biography Quillard's father was a woodworker. He began to study art at a very early age, possibly with Antoine Watteau, or at least some of his close associates.Brief biography @ the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum. When he was ten or eleven, his paintings were deemed such perfect copies of Watteau's style that Cardinal Fleury presented some to King Louis XV of France, Louis XV, who granted Quillard a pension. After twice failing to win the Prix de Rome, in 1724 and 1725, and despite having won second place both times, he accepted an offer of work from Charles Frédéric de Merveilleux (d. 1749), a Swiss doctor who was attached to the Royal Court in Lisbon. The position involved drawing illustrations to ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igreja Da Madre De Deus (São João)
The Convento de Madre de Deus, or Madre de Deus Convent, is a former convent and church in Lisbon, Portugal, which houses the National Museum of the Azulejo. It is classified as a National Monument. Overview Located in Xabregas (formerly Enxobregas) in the eastern part of Lisbon, the Church of the Mother of God was part of the Convent of the same name, founded in the early sixteenth century. National Tile Museum is housed in this building. The church is composed of the rectangular nave and the square main chapel, which adjusts to the size of the sacristy, built in the upper left angle in the shape of an inverted L. The main facade, erected on the side of the temple (as was common in the conventional female churches), is divided into three sections. History The Convent of the Mother of God, or Royal Monastery of Enxobregas, was founded in 1509 by the initiative of the queen D. Leonor, wife of D. João II. There were several reforms and restoration done in the building during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1685 Births
Events January–March * January 6 – American-born British citizen Elihu Yale, for whom Yale University in the U.S. is named, completes his term as the first leader of the Madras Presidency in India, administering the colony on behalf of the East India Company, and is succeeded by William Gyfford. * January 8 – Almost 200 people are arrested in Coventry by English authorities for gathering to hear readings of the sermons of the non-conformist Protestant minister Obadiah Grew * February 4 – A treaty is signed between Brandenburg-Prussia and the indigenous chiefs at Takoradi in what is now Ghana to permit the German colonists to build a third fort on the Brandenburger Gold Coast. * February 6 – Catholic James Stuart, Duke of York, becomes King James II of England and Ireland, and King James VII of Scotland, in succession to his brother Charles II (1660–1685), King of England, Scotland, and Ireland since 1660. James II and VII reigns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Coimbra
The University of Coimbra (UC; pt, Universidade de Coimbra, ) is a Public university, public research university in Coimbra, Portugal. First established in Lisbon in 1290, it went through a number of relocations until moving permanently to Coimbra in 1537. The university is among the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, oldest universities in continuous operation in the world, the oldest in Portugal, and played an influential role in the development of higher education in the Lusophone, Portuguese-speaking world. In 2013, UNESCO declared the university a World Heritage Site, noting its architecture, unique culture and traditions, and historical role. The contemporary university is organized into eight faculty (division), faculties, granting bachelor's (''licenciado''), master's (''mestre'') and doctorate (''doutor'') degrees in nearly all major fields. It lends its name to the Coimbra Group of European research universities founded in 1985, of which it was a fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convent Of Christ (Tomar)
The Convent of Christ ( pt, Convento de Cristo/Mosteiro de Cristo) is a former Catholic convent in Tomar, Portugal. Originally a 12th-century Knights Templar, Templar stronghold, when the order was dissolved in the 14th century the Portuguese branch was turned into the Order of Christ (Portugal), Knights of the Order of Christ, that later supported Portugal's Age of Exploration, maritime discoveries of the 15th century. The convent and castle complex is a historic and cultural monument and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1983. History Convento Cristo December 2008-8.jpg, The main church of the Convent of Tomar constructed by the Knights Templar TomarConvent-CloisterChurch1.jpg, The Manueline nave, as seen from the Renaissance era cloisters TomarConvent-Church1.jpg, The elaborate pinnacles over the western facade of the church TomarConvent-Cloisters2.jpg, Renaissance Cloister of John III Templars The convent was founded by the Knights Templar, Order of Poor Knights ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; pt, Universidade de Lisboa, ) is a public research university in Lisbon, and the largest university in Portugal. It was founded in 2013, from the merger of two previous public universities located in Lisbon, the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013). History The first Portuguese university was established in Lisbon between 1288 and 1290, when Dinis I promulgated the letter ''Scientiae thesaurus mirabili'', granting several privileges to the students of the ''studium generale'' in Lisbon, proving that it was already founded on that date. There was an active participation in this educational activity by the Portuguese Crown and its king, through its commitment of part of the subsidy of the same, as by the fixed incomes of the Church. This institution moved several times between Lisbon and Coimbra, where it settled permanently in 1537. The current University of Lisbon is the result of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisbon Earthquake Of 1755
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa on the morning of Saturday, 1 November, Feast of All Saints, at around 09:40 local time. In combination with subsequent fires and a tsunami, the earthquake almost completely destroyed Lisbon and adjoining areas. Seismologists estimate the Lisbon earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 or greater on the moment magnitude scale, with its epicenter in the Atlantic Ocean about west-southwest of Cape St. Vincent and about southwest of Lisbon. Chronologically, it was the third known large scale earthquake to hit the city (following those of 1321 and 1531). Estimates place the death toll in Lisbon at between 12,000 and 50,000 people, making it one of the deadliest earthquakes in history. The earthquake accentuated political tensions in Portugal and profoundly disrupted the Portuguese Empire. The event was widely discussed and dwelt upon by European E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igreja De São Roque
The Igreja de São Roque (; Church of Saint Roch) is a Roman Catholic church in Lisbon, Portugal. It was the earliest Jesuit church in the Portuguese world, and one of the first Jesuit churches anywhere. The edifice served as the Society's home church in Portugal for over 200 years, before the Jesuits were expelled from that country. After the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the church and its ancillary residence were given to the Lisbon Holy House of Mercy to replace their church and headquarters which had been destroyed. It remains a part of the Holy House of Mercy today, one of its many heritage buildings. The Igreja de São Roque was one of the few buildings in Lisbon to survive the earthquake relatively unscathed. When built in the 16th century it was the first Jesuit church designed in the “auditorium-church” style specifically for preaching. It contains a number of chapels, most in the Baroque style of the early 17th century. The most notable chapel is the 18th-century Chapel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refectory
A refectory (also frater, frater house, fratery) is a dining room, especially in monasteries, boarding schools and academic institutions. One of the places the term is most often used today is in graduate seminaries. The name derives from the Latin ''reficere'' "to remake or restore," via Late Latin ''refectorium'', which means "a place one goes to be restored" (''cf.'' "restaurant"). Refectories and monastic culture Communal meals are the times when all monks of an institution are together. Diet and eating habits differ somewhat by monastic order, and more widely by schedule. The Benedictine rule is illustrative. The Rule of St Benedict orders two meals. Dinner is provided year-round; supper is also served from late spring to early fall, except for Wednesdays and Fridays. The diet originally consisted of simple fare: two dishes, with fruit as a third course if available. The food was simple, with the meat of mammals forbidden to all but the sick. Moderation in all aspects of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may terminate in an apse. Overview The chancel is generally the area used by the clergy and choir during worship, while the congregation is in the nave. Direct access may be provided by a priest's door, usually on the south side of the church. This is one definition, sometimes called the "strict" one; in practice in churches where the eastern end contains other elements such as an ambulatory and side chapels, these are also often counted as part of the chancel, especially when discussing architecture. In smaller churches, where the altar is backed by the outside east wall and there is no distinct choir, the chancel and sanctuary may be the same area. In churches with a retroquire area behind the altar, this may only be included in the broader definition of chancel. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesthetic concerns. The term gable wall or gable end more commonly refers to the entire wall, including the gable and the wall below it. Some types of roof do not have a gable (for example hip roofs do not). One common type of roof with gables, the gable roof, is named after its prominent gables. A parapet made of a series of curves (Dutch gable) or horizontal steps (crow-stepped gable) may hide the diagonal lines of the roof. Gable ends of more recent buildings are often treated in the same way as the Classic pediment form. But unlike Classical structures, which operate through trabeation, the gable ends of many buildings are actually bearing-wall structures. Gable style is also used in the design of fabric structures, with varying degree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Assumption
The Assumption of Mary is one of the four Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church. Pope Pius XII defined it in 1950 in his apostolic constitution ''Munificentissimus Deus'' as follows: We proclaim and define it to be a dogma revealed by God that the immaculate Mother of God, Mary ever virgin, when the course of her earthly life was finished, was taken up body and soul into the glory of heaven. The declaration was built upon the 1854 dogma of the Immaculate Conception of Mary, which declared that Mary was conceived free from original sin, and both have their foundation in the concept of Mary as the Mother of God. It leaves open the question of whether Mary died or whether she was raised to eternal life without bodily death. The equivalent belief (but not held as dogma) in the Eastern Orthodox Church is the Dormition of the Mother of God or the "Falling Asleep of the Mother of God". The word 'assumption' derives from the Latin word ''assūmptiō'' meaning "taking up". T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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