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Andrey Rublyov
Andrei Rublev ( rus, Андре́й Рублёв, p=ɐnˈdrʲej rʊˈblʲɵf , also transliterated as ''Andrey Rublyov'') was a Muscovite icon painter born in the 1360s who died between 1427 and 1430 in Moscow. He is considered to be one of the greatest medieval Russian painters of Orthodox Christian icons and frescos. Early life Little information survives about his life; even where he was born is unknown. He probably lived in the Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra, near Moscow, under Nikon of Radonezh, who became hegumen after the death of Sergius of Radonezh in 1392. The first mention of Rublev is in 1405, when he decorated icons and frescos for the Cathedral of the Annunciation of the Moscow Kremlin, in company with Theophanes the Greek and Prokhor of Gorodets. His name was the last of the list of masters, as the junior both by rank and by age. Theophanes was an important Byzantine master, who moved to Russia and is considered to have trained Rublev. Career Chronicles tell us that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint
In religious belief, a saint is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of Q-D-Š, holiness, likeness, or closeness to God. However, the use of the term ''saint'' depends on the context and Christian denomination, denomination. In Catholic Church, Catholic, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican Communion, Anglican, Oriental Orthodox, and Lutheranism, Lutheran doctrine, all of their faithful deceased in Heaven are considered to be saints, but some are considered worthy of greater honor or emulation. Official ecclesiastical recognition, and consequently a public cult of veneration, is conferred on some denominational saints through the process of canonization in the Catholic Church or glorification in the Eastern Orthodox Church after their approval. While the English word ''saint'' originated in Christianity, History of religion, historians of religion tend to use the appellation "in a more general way to refer to the state of special holiness t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hegumen
Hegumen, hegumenos, or igumen ( el, ἡγούμενος, trans. ), is the title for the head of a monastery in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, similar to the title of abbot. The head of a convent of nuns is called a hegumenia or igumeni ( el, ἡγουμένη). The term means "the one who is in charge", "the leader" in Greek. Overview Initially the title was applied to the head of any monastery. After 1874, when the Russian monasteries were reformed and classified into three classes, the title of ''hegumen'' was reserved only for the lowest, third class. The head of a monastery of the second or first class holds the rank of archimandrite. In the Greek Catholic Church, the head of all monasteries in a certain territory is called the ''protohegumen''. The duties of both hegumen and archimandrite are the same, archimandrite being considered the senior dignity of the two. In the Russian Orthodox Church the title of Hegumen may be granted as an honorary title to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tretyakov Gallery
The State Tretyakov Gallery (russian: Государственная Третьяковская Галерея, ''Gosudarstvennaya Tretyâkovskaya Galereya''; abbreviated ГТГ, ''GTG'') is an art gallery in Moscow, Russia, which is considered the foremost depository of Russian fine art in the world. The gallery's history starts in 1856 when the Moscow merchant Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov acquired works by Russian artists of his day with the aim of creating a collection, which might later grow into a museum of national art. In 1892, Tretyakov presented his already famous collection of approximately 2,000 works (1,362 paintings, 526 drawings, and 9 sculptures) to the Russian nation. The museum attracted 894,374 (visitors in 2020 (down 68 percent from 2019), due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was 13th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world in 2020. The façade of the gallery building was designed by the painter Viktor Vasnetsov in a peculiar Russian fairy-tale style. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinity (Andrei Rublev)
''The Trinity'' ( rus, Троица, Troitsa, also called ''The Hospitality of Abraham'') is an icon created by Russian painter Andrei Rublev in the 15th century. It is his most famous work and the most famous of all Russian icons, and it is regarded as one of the highest achievements of Russian art. Scholars believe that it is one of only two works of art (the other being the Dormition Cathedral frescoes in Vladimir) that can be attributed to Rublev with any sort of certainty. ''The Trinity'' depicts the three angels who visited Abraham at the Oak of Mamre (), but the painting is full of symbolism and is interpreted as an icon of the Holy Trinity. At the time of Rublev, the Holy Trinity was the embodiment of spiritual unity, peace, harmony, mutual love and humility. The icon was commissioned to honour Saint Sergius of Radonezh of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, near Moscow, now in the town of Sergiyev Posad. Little is known about ''The Trinitys history, and art historians make ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khitrovo Gospels
The Khitrovo Gospels is a Russian illuminated Gospel Book from the late 14th or early 15th century. The book has numerous similarities to the Koshka Gospels, Kiev Psalter of 1397, and other East Slavic manuscripts of the 1390s. It contains eight full page miniatures; four Evangelist portraits and four pictures of their symbols (the eagle, angel, lion, and bull), the latter the earliest known Russian full-page examples. The angel is attributed to Andrei Rublev, and is the only illumination usually attributed to him, although some art historians incline to attribute at least all the full-pages miniatures to him. All the initials are painted in colour and gold, and many pages are richly ornamented. The style is elegant with light colours and expressive faces.Popova, Olga, ''Russian Illuminated Manuscripts'', Thames & Hudson, London (or Braziller NY), 1984, nos 36-39 The gospel takes its name from Bogdan Khitrovo, a powerful boyar who obtained the manuscript from Tsar Fyodor III. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miniature (illuminated Manuscript)
A miniature (from the Latin verb ''miniare'', "to colour with ''minium''", a red lead) is a small illustration used to decorate an ancient or medieval illuminated manuscript; the simple illustrations of the early codices having been miniated or delineated with that pigment. The generally small scale of such medieval pictures has led to etymological confusion with minuteness and to its application to small paintings, especially portrait miniatures, which did however grow from the same tradition and at least initially used similar techniques. Apart from the Western, Byzantine and Armenian traditions, there is another group of Asian traditions, which is generally more illustrative in nature, and from origins in manuscript book decoration also developed into single-sheet small paintings to be kept in albums, which are also called miniatures, as the Western equivalents in watercolor and other mediums are not. These include Arabic miniatures, and their Persian, Mughal, Ottoman and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Katholikon Of The Trinity Lavra
The Trinity Cathedral ( rus, Тро́ицкий собо́р) is a cathedral church, the oldest of all the remaining buildings in the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius. It was built in 1422-1423 by St. Nikon of Radonezh to "honour and praise" the founder of the Trinity Lavra monastery St. Sergius of Radonezh. St. Sergius's relics are kept there. It's the main object of veneration in the Trinity Lavra. The cathedral was built from white stone. It is one of the most important examples of the early Moscow architecture. The Trinity Lavra's history started with the construction of this cathedral. The ancient wall painting, created by the famous painters Andrei Rublev and Daniel Chorny in 1425–1427, is lost. The remaining paintings were created in 1635. They reproduce the ancient iconography of the original. The main treasure of the cathedral is a five-tier iconostasis. Most of its icons were painted in the first third of the 15th century by Andrei Rublev and his colleagues. Both existing c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir
The Dormition Cathedral in Vladimir (sometimes translated Assumption Cathedral) (russian: Собор Успения Пресвятой Богородицы, ''Sobor Uspeniya Presvyatoy Bogoroditsy'') was a mother church of Medieval Russia in the 13th and 14th centuries. It is part of a World Heritage Site, the White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal. The cathedral was commissioned by Andrew the Pious in his capital, Vladimir, and dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos (Virgin Mary), whom he promoted as the patron saint of his lands. Originally erected in 1158 to 1160, the cathedral, with six pillars and five domes, was expanded in 1185 to 1189 to reflect the augmented prestige of Vladimir. At 1178 m², it remained the largest Russian church for several hundred years. Andrew the Pious, Vsevolod the Big Nest and other rulers of Vladimir-Suzdal were interred in the crypt of this church. Unlike many other churches, the cathedral survived the great devastation and fire of Vlad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Chorny
Daniil Chyorny () (c. 1360–1430) was a Russian monk and icon painter. Career Together with his companion Andrei Rublev and other painters, Chyorny worked at the Dormition Cathedral in Vladimir (1408) and Trinity Cathedral in the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (1420s). Some icons for these cathedrals are believed to have been painted by Chyorny. Works The icons of the Assumption Cathedral are currently displayed at the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow and the Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg. Veneration * 12/13 June – feast day, Synaxis of All of Andronikov Monastery Andronikov Monastery of the Saviour (russian: Андро́ников монасты́рь, Спа́со-Андро́ников монасты́рь, or ) is a former monastery on the left bank of the Yauza River in Moscow, consecrated to the Ho ... (with Andronicus, Sabbas, Alexander, Abbots of Moscow and Andrei Rublev, the icon painter) * 6 July – Synaxis of All Saints of Radonezh * Synaxis of all sai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Art
Byzantine art comprises the body of Christian Greek artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire, as well as the nations and states that inherited culturally from the empire. Though the empire itself emerged from the decline of Rome and lasted until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the start date of the Byzantine period is rather clearer in art history than in political history, if still imprecise. Many Eastern Orthodox states in Eastern Europe, as well as to some degree the Islamic states of the eastern Mediterranean, preserved many aspects of the empire's culture and art for centuries afterward. A number of contemporary states with the Byzantine Empire were culturally influenced by it without actually being part of it (the "Byzantine commonwealth"). These included the Rus, as well as some non-Orthodox states like the Republic of Venice, which separated from the Byzantine Empire in the 10th century, and the Kingdom of Sicily, which had close ties to the Byzantine Empire a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prokhor Of Gorodets
Prokhor of Gorodets (''Прохор'', ''Прохор с Городца'' in Russian) was a medieval Russian icon-painter, thought to have been the teacher of Andrei Rublev. Together with Rublev and Theophanes the Greek, Prokhor painted a number of frescos in the old Cathedral of the Annunciation in the Moscow Kremlin in 1405 (the cathedral was rebuilt in 1416). Russian historians attribute a number of icons in the iconostasis In Eastern Christianity, an iconostasis ( gr, εἰκονοστάσιον) is a wall of icons and religious paintings, separating the nave from the sanctuary in a Church (building), church. ''Iconostasis'' also refers to a portable icon stand t ... of this cathedral to Prokhor, including "Crucifixion", "Ascension" and "Assumption", which can still be found in today's Cathedral of the Annunciation. {{Russia-painter-stub Russian painters Russian male painters 15th-century painters 15th-century Russian people Fresco painters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theophanes The Greek
Theophanes the Greek (sometimes "Feofan Grek" from the russian: Феофан Грек, Greek language, Greek: Θεοφάνης; c. 1340 – c. 1410) was a Greeks, Byzantine Greek artist and one of the greatest icon painters of Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovite Russia, who influenced the 15th-century painting style of the Novgorod School, Novgorod school and the subsequent Moscow school. He was noted as the teacher and mentor of the great Andrei Rublev. Life and work Theophanes was from the capital of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople. After studying art and philosophy at the University of Constantinople, he moved to Novgorod in 1370, and in 1395 to Moscow. His style is considered unsurpassed in expression achieved by almost mono-colored painting. Some of his contemporaries observed that he appeared to be "painting with a broom", in reference to the bold, broad execution in some of his finest frescos (see :Image:Spas na Ilyine - Saint Macarius the Great.jpg, St. Makarios of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
