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Ancient Veena
The ancient veena is an early Indian arched harp, not to be confused with the modern Indian veena which is a type of lute or stick zither. Names of specific forms of the arched harp include the ''chitra vīṇā'' with seven strings, the ''vipanchi vīṇā'' with nine strings and the ''mattakokila vīṇā'' a harp or possibly board zither with 21 strings. The instrument is attested on a gold coin of the Gupta Empire from the mid-300s CE. The instrument was also illustrated in the oldest known Saraswati-like relief carvings, from Buddhist archaeological sites dated to 200 BCE, where she holds a harp-style veena. Generic meaning of veena The Sanskrit word ''veena'' (वीणा ''vīṇā'') which is attested already in the Rigveda has designated in the course of Indian history a variety of instruments of various types, as it is a generic term for all kinds of string instruments, just as the Tamil word ''yazh'' (யாழ் ''yaaḻ''). In the last centuries and today the ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plaque With A Dancer And A Vina Player 1st Century B
Plaque may refer to: Commemorations or awards * Commemorative plaque, a plate or tablet fixed to a wall to mark an event, person, etc. * Memorial Plaque (medallion), issued to next-of-kin of dead British military personnel after World War I * Plaquette, a small plaque in bronze or other materials Science and healthcare * Amyloid plaque * Atheroma or atheromatous plaque, a buildup of deposits within the wall of an artery * Dental plaque, a biofilm that builds up on teeth * A broad papule, a type of cutaneous condition * Pleural plaque, associated with mesothelioma, cancer often caused by exposure to asbestos * Senile plaques, an extracellular protein deposit in the brain implicated in Alzheimer's disease * Skin plaque, a plateau-like lesion that is greater in its diameter than in its depth * Viral plaque A viral plaque is a visible structure formed after introducing a viral sample to a cell culture grown on some nutrient medium. The virus will replicate and spread, generating r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmanas
The Brahmanas (; Sanskrit: , ''Brāhmaṇam'') are Vedic śruti works attached to the Samhitas (hymns and mantras) of the Rig, Sama, Yajur, and Atharva Vedas. They are a secondary layer or classification of Sanskrit texts embedded within each Veda, which explain and instruct on the performance of Vedic rituals (in which the related Samhitas are recited). In addition to explaining the symbolism and meaning of the Samhitas, Brahmana literature also expounds scientific knowledge of the Vedic Period, including observational astronomy and, particularly in relation to altar construction, geometry. Divergent in nature, some Brahmanas also contain mystical and philosophical material that constitutes Aranyakas and Upanishads. Each Veda has one or more of its own Brahmanas, and each Brahmana is generally associated with a particular Shakha or Vedic school. Less than twenty Brahmanas are currently extant, as most have been lost or destroyed. Dating of the final codification of the ''B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pin (harp)
The pin ( km, ពិណ, ) is a Cambodian harp, one of the most historically important instruments in Cambodian music. The instrument went extinct 1500s, and is now being restored in modern times. Its historical importance is emphasized by the very name for Cambodian classical music, ''pinpeat'' (Khmer: ពិណពាទ្យ). After the pin was no longer being used, Cambodians continued to use the instrument's name for classical music into the present era. When the pin was no longer being used, the tonal range of other instruments was expanded, possibly to compensate. Burmese ''saung gauk'' and '' roneats'' had more keys for the chromatic scale and the number of gongs in the ''kong von thom'' and ''kong toch'' "more than doubled in number since the musician depicted on the Angkorian carvings." Etymology The word ''pin'' (ពិណ) derived from the Sanskrit word '' veena/ vina'' (वीणा). This musical instrument gave the name to Cambodian traditional musical ensemble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saung
The ''saung'' ( Burmese: စောင်း, MLCTS caung: ; also known as the ''saung-gauk'' ( စောင်းကောက်), Burmese harp, Burma harp, or Myanmar harp), is an arched harp used in traditional Burmese music. The saung is regarded as a national musical instrument of Burma. The saung is unique in that it is a very ancient harp tradition and is said to be the only surviving harp in Asia. Etymology and terminology ''Saung'' ( စောင်း) is the Burmese word for "harp," and is etymologically derived from the Persian word chang, which is the Persian arched harp. The Burmese arched harp is more precisely called ''saung gauk'' (, ; ), while another indigenous lute is called ' () or ''saungbya'' (; ). The Burmese word ''saung'' has been borrowed into several regional languages, including mnw, စံၚ် (), and Chinese (), likely from Burmese ''saunggaukgyi'' (). Description The Burmese harp is classified as an arched horizontal harp since the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burma
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explains, the English spellings of both Myanmar and Burma assume a non-rhotic variety of English, in which the letter r before a consonant or finally serves merely to indicate a long vowel: mjænmɑː, ˈbɜːmə So the pronunciation of the last syllable of Myanmar as ɑːror of Burma as ɜːrməby some speakers in the UK and most speakers in North America is in fact a spelling pronunciation based on a misunderstanding of non-rhotic spelling conventions. The final ''r'' in ''Myanmar'' was not intended for pronunciation and is there to ensure that the final a is pronounced with the broad ''ah'' () in "father". If the Burmese name my, မြန်မာ, label=none were spelled "Myanma" in English, this would be pronounced at the end by all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khmer Harp (pin)
The pin ( km, ពិណ, ) is a Cambodian harp, one of the most historically important instruments in Cambodian music. The instrument went extinct 1500s, and is now being restored in modern times. Its historical importance is emphasized by the very name for Cambodian classical music, ''pinpeat'' (Khmer: ពិណពាទ្យ). After the pin was no longer being used, Cambodians continued to use the instrument's name for classical music into the present era. When the pin was no longer being used, the tonal range of other instruments was expanded, possibly to compensate. Burmese ''saung gauk'' and '' roneats'' had more keys for the chromatic scale and the number of gongs in the ''kong von thom'' and ''kong toch'' "more than doubled in number since the musician depicted on the Angkorian carvings." Etymology The word ''pin'' (ពិណ) derived from the Sanskrit word '' veena/ vina'' (वीणा). This musical instrument gave the name to Cambodian traditional musical ensemble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samudragupta
Samudragupta (Gupta script: ''Sa-mu-dra-gu-pta'', (c. 335–375 CE) was the second emperor of the Gupta Empire of ancient India, and is regarded among the greatest rulers of the dynasty. As a son of the Gupta emperor Chandragupta I and the Licchavi (tribe), Licchavi princess Kumaradevi, he greatly expanded his dynasty's political and military power. The Allahabad Pillar#Samudragupta inscription, Allahabad Pillar inscription, a ''prashasti'' (eulogy) composed by his courtier Harisena, Harishena, credits him with extensive military conquests. It suggests that he defeated several kings of northern India, and annexed their territories into his empire. He also marched along the south-eastern coast of India, advancing as far south as Kanchipuram in the Pallava dynasty, Pallava kingdom. In addition, he subjugated several frontier kingdoms and tribal oligarchies. At the height of his power, his empire extended from Ravi River in the west (present-day Punjab) to the Brahmaputra River i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
322
__NOTOC__ Year 322 ( CCCXXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Probianus and Iulianus (or, less frequently, year 1075 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 322 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By topic Technology * The first dependable representation of a horse rider with paired stirrups is found in China, in a Jin Dynasty tomb. Births * Kang of Jin (or Shitong), Chinese emperor (d. 344) * Xun Xian (or Lingze), Chinese general (d. 359) Deaths * Philogonius (or Filogonius), bishop of Antioch * Rabbah bar Rav Huna, Jewish Talmudist * Xu Kan, Chinese bandit leader and warlord * Yang Xianrong Yang Xianrong (羊獻容) (died 13 May 322), posthumous name (as honored by Han Zhao) Empress Xianwen (獻文皇后, literally " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harp
The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has a number of individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers. Harps can be made and played in various ways, standing or sitting, and in orchestras or concerts. Its most common form is triangular in shape and made of wood. Some have multiple rows of strings and pedal attachments. Ancient depictions of harps were recorded in Current-day Iraq (Mesopotamia), Iran (Persia), and Egypt, and later in India and China. By medieval times harps had spread across Europe. Harps were found across the Americas where it was a popular folk tradition in some areas. Distinct designs also emerged from the African continent. Harps have symbolic political traditions and are often used in logos, including in Ireland. History Harps have been known since antiquity in Asia, Africa, and Europe, dating back at least as early as 3000 BCE. The instrument had great popularity in Europe during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natya Shastra
The ''Nāṭya Śāstra'' (, ''Nāṭyaśāstra'') is a Sanskrit treatise on the performing arts. The text is attributed to sage Bharata Muni, and its first complete compilation is dated to between 200 BCE and 200 CE, but estimates vary between 500 BCE and 500 CE. The text consists of 36 chapters with a cumulative total of 6000 poetic verses describing performance arts. The subjects covered by the treatise include dramatic composition, structure of a play and the construction of a stage to host it, genres of acting, body movements, make up and costumes, role and goals of an art director, the musical scales, musical instruments and the integration of music with art performance. The ''Nāṭya Śāstra'' is notable as an ancient encyclopedic treatise on the arts, one which has influenced dance, music and literary traditions in India. It is also notable for its aesthetic Rasa (aesthetics), "Rasa" theory, which asserts that entertainment is a desired effect of performa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samudragupta Circa 335-380 CE Lyrist Type
Samudragupta ( Gupta script: ''Sa-mu-dra-gu-pta'', (c. 335–375 CE) was the second emperor of the Gupta Empire of ancient India, and is regarded among the greatest rulers of the dynasty. As a son of the Gupta emperor Chandragupta I and the Licchavi princess Kumaradevi, he greatly expanded his dynasty's political and military power. The Allahabad Pillar inscription, a ''prashasti'' (eulogy) composed by his courtier Harishena, credits him with extensive military conquests. It suggests that he defeated several kings of northern India, and annexed their territories into his empire. He also marched along the south-eastern coast of India, advancing as far south as Kanchipuram in the Pallava kingdom. In addition, he subjugated several frontier kingdoms and tribal oligarchies. At the height of his power, his empire extended from Ravi River in the west (present-day Punjab) to the Brahmaputra River in the east (present-day Assam), and from the Himalayan foothills in the north to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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