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Anarcha Westcott
Anarcha Westcott (c. 1828 – unknown) was an enslaved woman who underwent a series of painful experimental surgical procedures conducted by physician J. Marion Sims, without the use of anesthesia, to treat a combination of vesicovaginal fistula and rectovaginal fistula. Sims's medical experimentation with Anarcha and other enslaved women, and its role in the development of modern gynaecology, has generated controversy among medical historians. In the 21st century, Anarcha has become a heroine for Black women. Background Little is known about Anarcha; as she was illiterate (by law) our information comes from records kept by her enslavers, and Sims' records of his experiments and autobiography. She first turns up in the autobiography of J. Marion Sims, a "plantation physician", as a "little mulatto girl" living in the doctor's house in Mount Meigs, Alabama; as he says on the following page, "a little negro girl would sleep in the room with me, and hand me a drink of water ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vesicovaginal Fistula
Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a subtype of female urogenital fistula (UGF). Presentation Vesicovaginal fistula, or VVF, is an abnormal fistulous tract extending between the bladder ('' vesica'') and the vagina that allows the continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault. In addition to the medical sequela from these fistulas, they often have a profound effect on the patient's emotional well-being. Causes It may be the result of a congenital birth condition such as VACTERL association. It is often caused by childbirth (in which case it is known as an obstetric fistula), when a prolonged labor presses the unborn child tightly against the pelvis, cutting off blood flow to the vesicovaginal wall. The affected tissue may necrotize (die), leaving a hole. Vaginal fistulas can also result from particularly violent cases of rape, especially those involving multiple rapists and/or foreign objects. Some health centers in countries such as the Democratic Republic o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Baffler
''The Baffler'' is an American magazine of cultural, political, and business analysis. Established in 1988 by editors Thomas Frank and Keith White, it was headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, until 2010, when it moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 2016, it moved its headquarters to New York City. The first incarnation of ''The Baffler'' had up to 12,000 subscribers. As of 2016, the magazine and its collections of essays are distributed through bookstores in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. History The magazine was first published by Greg Lane. Its motto was "the journal that blunts the cutting edge." It became known for critiquing "business culture and the culture business" and for having exposed the grunge speak hoax perpetrated on '' The New York Times''. One famous and much-republished article, "The Problem with Music" by Steve Albini, exposed the inner workings of the music business during the indie rock heyday. The magazine is credited with ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Press Of Kentucky
The University Press of Kentucky (UPK) is the scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, and was organized in 1969 as successor to the University of Kentucky Press. The university had sponsored scholarly publication since 1943. In 1949, the press was established as a separate academic agency under the university president, and the following year Bruce F. Denbo, then of Louisiana State University Press, was appointed as the first full-time professional director. Denbo served as director of UPK until his retirement in 1978, building a small but distinguished list of scholarly books with emphasis on American history and literary criticism. Since its reorganization, the Press has represented a consortium that now includes all of Kentucky's state universities, seven of its private colleges, and two historical societies. UPK joined the Association of University Presses in 1947. The press is supported by the Thomas D. Clark Foundation, a private nonprofit foundation establ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexington, Kentucky
Lexington is a city in Kentucky, United States that is the county seat of Fayette County. By population, it is the second-largest city in Kentucky and 57th-largest city in the United States. By land area, it is the country's 28th-largest city. The city is also known as "Horse Capital of the World". It is within the state's Bluegrass region. Notable locations in the city include the Kentucky Horse Park, The Red Mile and Keeneland race courses, Rupp Arena, Central Bank Center, Transylvania University, the University of Kentucky, and Bluegrass Community and Technical College. As of the 2020 census the population was 322,570, anchoring a metropolitan area of 516,811 people and a combined statistical area of 747,919 people. Lexington is consolidated entirely within Fayette County, and vice versa. It has a nonpartisan mayor-council form of government, with 12 council districts and three members elected at large, with the highest vote-getter designated vice mayor. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beacon Press
Beacon Press is an American left-wing non-profit book publisher. Founded in 1854 by the American Unitarian Association, it is currently a department of the Unitarian Universalist Association. It is known for publishing authors such as James Baldwin, Mary Oliver, Martin Luther King Jr., and Viktor Frankl, as well as ''The Pentagon Papers''. History The history of Beacon Press actually begins in 1825, the year the American Unitarian Association (AUA) was formed. This liberal religious movement had the enlightened notion to publish and distribute books and tracts that would spread the word of their beliefs not only about theology but also about society and justice. The Early Years: 1854–1900 In the Press of the American Unitarian Association (as Beacon was called then) purchased and published works that were largely religious in nature and "conservative Unitarian" in viewpoint (far more progressive, nonetheless, than many other denominations). The authors were often Unitaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massachusetts Review
''The Massachusetts Review'' is a literary quarterly founded in 1959 by a group of professors from Amherst College, Mount Holyoke College, Smith College, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. It receives financial support from Five Colleges, Inc., a consortium which includes Amherst College and four other educational institutions in a short geographical radius. History ''MR'' bills itself as "A Quarterly of Literature, the Arts, and Public Affairs." A key early focus was on civil rights as well as African-American history and culture; the ''Review'' published, among many others, Gwendolyn Brooks, Sterling A. Brown, Lucille Clifton, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Martin Luther King Jr. Sidney Kaplan, a founder of the Du Bois Department of Afro-American Studies at the University of Massachusetts, was a founding member of ''MR'' as well; Ekwueme Michael Thelwell, also a founder of Afro-American Studies at UMass, continues to serve as a contributing editor. In 1969, co-editor Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charly Evon Simpson
''Charly'' (marketed and stylized as ''CHAЯLY'') is a 1968 American drama film directed and produced by Ralph Nelson and written by Stirling Silliphant. It is based on ''Flowers for Algernon'', a science-fiction short story (1958) and subsequent novel (1966) by Daniel Keyes. The film stars Cliff Robertson as Charly Gordon, an intellectually disabled adult who is selected by two doctors to undergo a surgical procedure that triples his IQ as it had done for a laboratory mouse who underwent the same procedure. The film also stars Claire Bloom, Lilia Skala, Leon Janney, Dick Van Patten and Barney Martin. Robertson had played the same role in a 1961 television adaptation titled " The Two Worlds of Charlie Gordon," an episode of the anthology series ''The United States Steel Hour''. The film received positive reviews and was a success at the box office and later in home media sales. Robertson won Best Actor at the Academy Awards. Plot Charly Gordon is an intellectually disabled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hidden Brain
''Hidden Brain'' is a science podcast hosted by Shankar Vedantam. Background The show originally began as a segment of ''NPR'''s ''Morning Edition''. The first episode of the podcast focused on a concept called "switchtracking". Vedantam founded the independent company Hidden Brain Media in 2019 and left NPR in 2020. ''Hidden Brain'' joined the Midroll Media network in 2020, with NPR continuing to distribute the radio show. Reception The podcast was included on '' Mashable'''s list of "The 21 best science podcasts if you're keen to learn how things work" as well as their list of "Best podcasts for achieving your 2021 New Year's resolutions". Esther Perel told ''The New York Times'' that "The host, Shankar Vedantam, seamlessly transforms dry and academic research into compelling stories that offer a total and complete escape. I can’t stop listening". The podcast won a Webby Award The Webby Awards are awards for excellence on the Internet presented annually by the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Public Radio
National Public Radio (NPR, stylized in all lowercase) is an American privately and state funded nonprofit media organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with its NPR West headquarters in Culver City, California. It differs from other non-profit membership media organizations such as the Associated Press, in that it was established by an act of Congress. Most of its member stations are owned by non-profit organizations, including public school districts, colleges, and universities. It serves as a national syndicator to a network of over 1,000 public radio stations in the United States. , NPR employed 840 people. NPR produces and distributes news and cultural programming. The organization's flagship shows are two drive-time news broadcasts: ''Morning Edition'' and the afternoon ''All Things Considered'', both carried by most NPR member stations, and among the most popular radio programs in the country. , the drive-time programs attract an audience of 14.9 million and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mothers Of Gynecology Movement
The Mothers of Gynecology Movement sprang out of criticism of 19th century gynecologist J. Marion Sims' experimental surgeries on enslaved women who were unable to consent to their surgeries. Their surgeries were often performed without anesthesia. His work has been described in the late 20th century as an example of racism in the medical profession. Though Sims had many patients, there are only three known patients of his: Anarcha Westcott, and two lesser known women, Lucy and Betsey, which have been described as the "mothers of gynecology" in the United States, to demonstrate the contributions of their experiences to modern medicine. Terri Kapsalis writes in ''Mastering the Female Pelvis'', "Sims' fame and wealth are as indebted to slavery and racism as they are to innovation, insight, and persistence, and he has left behind a frightening legacy of medical attitudes toward and treatments of women, particularly women of color." In 2017, NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio launched a commissi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mothers Of Gynecology Monument
The Mothers of Gynecology Monument by Michelle Browder was unveiled in Montgomery, Alabama, on September 24, 2021. It is located at 17 Mildred Street, near the National Memorial for Peace and Justice, and is high. The statues depict Anarcha Westcott, Betsey, and Lucy, three enslaved women who were patients of controversial doctor and "father of gynecology" J. Marion Sims James Marion Sims (January 25, 1813November 13, 1883) was an American physician in the field of surgery. His most famous work was the development of a surgical technique for the repair of vesicovaginal fistula, a severe complication of obstruc ..., whose office was nearby. The statues were made from discarded metal objects—the artist asked for contributions from the public—"to symbolize how Black women have been treated and to demonstrate the beauty in the broken and discarded." On February 16, 2022, the Medical Association of the State of Alabama visited the monument and presented Browder with a $15,000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michelle Browder
'MichelleBrowder (born 1971) is an American artist and activist known for her sculptures in Montgomery, Alabama, and historical tours of the area. Early life and education Browder was born in Denver, Colorado and her family moved to Verbena, Alabama before she started school. Her father, Curtis Browder was a prison chaplain, the first black to serve in this role in Alabama. Browder's aunt is Aurelia Browder, who was arrested for sitting in the white section of a city bus and was the plaintiff in Browder v. Gayle. As a child, Browder was encouraged by her father to express her anger through art and creativity, which led to her attending the Art Institute of Atlanta. Work Browder is known for her activism, her tours of Montgomery, Alabama, and her outdoor sculptures. She founded two youth non-profit programs to help young people in Alabama: "I Am More Than" and More Up Cafe. She has also worked to provide homes to people in Alabama During the time from 2002 to 2007, she opened ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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