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Ampère Prize
The Prix Ampère de l’Électricité de France is a scientific prize awarded annually by the French Academy of Sciences. Founded in 1974 in honor of André-Marie Ampère to celebrate his 200th birthday in 1975, the award is granted to one or more French scientists for outstanding research work in mathematics or physics. The monetary award is 30,500 euro, funded by Électricité de France. Winners * 2019 : Jacqueline Bloch * 2018 : Frank Merle * 2017 : * 2016 : * 2015 : * 2014 : Gilles Chabrier * 2013 : Arnaud Beauville * 2012 : * 2011 : * 2010 : * 2009 : * 2008 : Gérard Iooss * 2007 : * 2004, 2005, 2006 : ''Prize not awarded''. * 2003 : Gilles Lebeau * 2002 : * 2001 : Bernard Derrida * 2000 : Pierre Suquet * 1999 : Yves Colin de Verdière * 1998 : and Jean-Michel Raimond * 1997 : Michèle Vergne * 1996 : and Marc Mézard * 1995 : Claude Itzykson * 1994 : * 1993 : Christophe Soulé * 1992 : Pierre-Louis Lions * 1991 : Michel Devoret and * 1990 : Jean-Mic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Academy Of Sciences
The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV of France, Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French Scientific method, scientific research. It was at the forefront of scientific developments in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, and is one of the earliest Academy of Sciences, Academies of Sciences. Currently headed by Patrick Flandrin (President of the Academy), it is one of the five Academies of the Institut de France. History The Academy of Sciences traces its origin to Colbert's plan to create a general academy. He chose a small group of scholars who met on 22 December 1666 in the King's library, near the present-day Bibliothèque nationale de France, Bibliothèque Nationals, and thereafter held twice-weekly working meetings there in the two rooms assigned to the group. The first 30 years of the Academy's existence were relatively informal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Devoret
Michel Devoret is a French physicist and F. W. Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics at Yale University. He also holds a position as the Director of the Applied Physics Nanofabrication Lab at Yale. He is known for his pioneering work on macroscopic quantum tunneling, and the single-electron pump as well as in groundbreaking contributions to initiating the fields of circuit quantum electrodynamics and quantronics. Biography Devoret was born in France. He graduated from Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications in Paris (1975) and went on to earn his PhD in physics from the University of Orsay ( University of Paris-Sud) in 1982, while working in the molecular quantum physics group at Paris. After his doctoral work, he proceeded to post-doctoral training for two years, working on macroscopic quantum tunneling in John Clarke's laboratory at the University of California Berkeley. Devoret's research has been focused on experimental solid state physics and condensed matte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (; born 1 April 1933) is a French physicist. He shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics with Steven Chu and William Daniel Phillips for research in methods of laser cooling and trapping atoms. Currently he is still an active researcher, working at the École normale supérieure (Paris). Early life Cohen-Tannoudji was born in Constantine, French Algeria, to Algerian Jewish parents Abraham Cohen-Tannoudji and Sarah Sebbah. When describing his origins Cohen-Tannoudji said: "My family, originally from Tangier, settled in Tunisia and then in Algeria in the 16th century after having fled Spain during the Inquisition. In fact, our name, Cohen-Tannoudji, means simply the Cohen family from Tangiers. The Algerian Jews obtained the French citizenship in 1870 after Algeria became a French colony in 1830." After finishing secondary school in Algiers in 1953, Cohen-Tannoudji left for Paris to attend the École Normale Supérieure. His professors included Henri Cartan, L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Connes
Alain Connes (; born 1 April 1947) is a French mathematician, and a theoretical physicist, known for his contributions to the study of operator algebras and noncommutative geometry. He is a professor at the , , Ohio State University and Vanderbilt University. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1982. Career Source: Academic career timeline: (1966–1970) – Bachelor's degree from the École Normale Supérieure (now part of Paris Sciences et Lettres University). (1973) – doctorate from Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France (1970–1974) – appointment at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, Paris (1975) – Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada (1976–1980) – the University of Paris VI (1979 – present) – the Institute of Advanced Scientific Studies, Bures-sur-Yvette, France (1981–1984) – the French National Centre for Scientific Research, Paris (1984–2017) – the , Paris (2003–2011) – Vanderbilt University, Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Zinn-Justin
Jean Zinn-Justin (born 10 July 1943 in Berlin) is a French theoretical physicist. Biography Zinn-Justin was educated in physics ( undergraduate 1964) at the École Polytechnique, and did graduate work in theoretical physics at Orsay, (Ph.D. 1968) under the supervision of Marcel Froissart. Zinn-Justin has worked since 1965 as a theoretical and mathematical physicist at the Saclay Nuclear Research Centre ( CEA), where he was head of theoretical physics in 1993−1998 . He has served as a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Princeton University, State University of New York at Stony Brook (1972), and Harvard University, and further guest scientists at CERN. From 1987 to 1995 he was Director of the Les Houches summer school for theoretical physics. In 2003 he became leader of DAPNIA (Department of Astrophysics, Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics and Associated Instrumentation) at Saclay. He has made seminal contributions to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Édouard Brézin
Édouard Brézin (; born 1 December 1938 Paris) is a French theoretical physicist. He is professor at Université Paris 6, working at the laboratory for theoretical physics (LPT) of the École Normale Supérieure since 1986. Biography Brézin was born in Paris, France, to agnostic Jewish parents from Poland. His father served in the French army during World War II and was taken prisoner by the Germans in 1940, but escaped, The family used false names and Brézin was hidden by farmers. Brézin studied at École Polytechnique before doing a PhD. He worked at the theory division of the ''Commissariat à l'énergie atomique'' in Saclay until 1986. Brezin contributed to the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic physical properties of matter and high energy physics. He was a leader in critical behavior theory and developed methods for distilling testable predictions for critical exponents. In using field theoretic techniques in the study of condensed matter, Brezin he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul-André Meyer
Paul-André Meyer (21 August 1934 – 30 January 2003) was a French mathematician, who played a major role in the development of the general theory of stochastic processes. He worked at the Institut de Recherche Mathématique (IRMA) in Strasbourg and is known as the founder of the 'Strasbourg school' in stochastic analysis. Biography Meyer was born in 1934 in Boulogne, a suburb of Paris. His family fled from France in 1940 and sailed to Argentina, settling in Buenos Aires, where Paul-André attended a French school. He returned to Paris in 1946 and entered the Lycée Janson de Sailly, where he first encountered advanced mathematics through his teacher, M Heilbronn. He entered the École Normale Supérieure in 1954 where he studied mathematics. There, he attended lectures on probability by Michel Loève, a former disciple of Paul Lévy who had come from Berkeley to spend a year in Paris. These lectures triggered Meyer's interest in the theory of stochastic processes, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Anne Bouchiat
Marie-Anne Bouchiat-Guiochon (born 1934) is a French experimental atomic physicist whose research has included studies of neutral currents, parity violation, and hyperpolarization. She is an honorary director of research for the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). Education and career Bouchiat was a student at the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles from 1953 to 1957, and a visiting researcher at Princeton University from 1957 to 1959. She completed a doctorate in 1964; her dissertation was ''Étude par pompage optique de la relaxation d'atomes de rubidium''. She worked as a researcher for CNRS from 1972, associated with the Kastler–Brossel Laboratory, until her retirement in 2005. Personal life Bouchiat married physicist Claude Bouchiat; two of their children, Hélène Bouchiat and Vincent Bouchiat, are also physicists. Recognition Bouchiat was elected as a corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1986, and a full member i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Bouchiat
Claude Bouchiat, born 16 May 1932, is a French physicist, member of the French Academy of sciences. Biography Graduate of the École Polytechnique in 1955, he was director of research at the CNRS in the theoretical physics laboratory of the École Normale Supérieure from 1971 to 2003. Claude was the disciple of Louis Michel and worked with him on the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the muon. He became honorary research director as of 2003. Philippe Meyer rand Claude supervised the diploma (Thèse de troisième cycle) and doctorate ( Doctorat d'État) or Joël Scherk and André Neveu at University of Paris XI in Orsay. His wife Marie-Anne Bouchiat, a physicist, and their daughter Hélène Bouchiat, also a physicist, are both members of the French Academy of sciences. Distinctions * 1980: Elected correspondent of the French Academy of Sciences in the Physics section * 1983: Prix Ampère de l’Électricité de France by the French Academy of sciences * 1990: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Kastler
Daniel Kastler (; 4 March 1926 – 4 July 2015) was a French theoretical physicist, working on the foundations of quantum field theory and on non-commutative geometry. Biography Daniel Kastler was born on March 4, 1926, in Colmar, a city of north-eastern France. He is the son of the Physics Nobel Prize laureate Alfred Kastler. In 1946 he enrolled at the École Normale Superieure in Paris. In 1950 he moved to Germany and became lecturer at the Saarland University. In 1953, he was promoted to associate professor and obtained a doctorate in quantum chemistry. In 1957 Kastler moved to the University of Aix-Marseille and became a full professor in 1959. In 1968 he founded, together with Jean-Marie Souriau and Andrea Visconti, the Center of Theoretical Physics in Marseille. Daniel Kastler died on July 8, 2015, in Bandol, in southern France. Daniel Kastler is known in particular for his work with Rudolf Haag on the foundation of the algebraic approach to quantum field theory. Their col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haïm Brezis
Haïm Brezis (born 1 June 1944) is a French mathematician, who mainly works in functional analysis and partial differential equations. Biography Born in Riom-ès-Montagnes, Cantal, France. Brezis is the son of a Romanian immigrant father, who came to France in the 1930s, and a Jewish mother who fled from the Netherlands. His wife, Michal Govrin, a native Israeli, works as a novelist, poet, and theater director. Brezis received his Ph.D. from the University of Paris in 1972 under the supervision of Gustave Choquet. He is currently a professor at the Pierre and Marie Curie University and a visiting distinguished professor at Rutgers University. He is a member of the Academia Europaea (1988) and a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences (2003). In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. He holds honorary doctorates from several universities including National Technical University of Athens. Brezis is listed as an ISI highly cited res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Raynaud
Michel Raynaud (; 16 June 1938 – 10 March 2018 Décès de Michel Raynaud Société Mathématique de France.) was a French working in and a professor at . Early life and education He was born in , France as ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
