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Amphidromus
''Amphidromus'' is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae. The shells of ''Amphidromus'' are relatively large, from to in maximum dimension, and particularly colorful. During the 18th century, they were among the first Indonesian land snail shells brought to Europe by travelers and explorers. Since then, the genus has been extensively studied: several comprehensive monographs and catalogs were authored by naturalists and zoologists during the time period from the early 19th to the mid 20th centuries. Modern studies have focused on better understanding the evolutionary relationships within the group, as well as solving taxonomic problems. The genus ''Amphidromus'' is unusual in that it includes species that have dextral shell-coiling and species that have sinistral shell-coiling. In addition, some species within this genus are particularly notable because their populations simultaneously include indivi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphidromus Perversus
''Amphidromus perversus'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Amphidromus perversus (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1026814 on 2020-05-17 ''Amphidromus perversus'' is the type species of the genus ''Amphidromus'', by the subsequent designation of Eduard von Martens (1860).Eduard von Martens, von Martens E. (1860). ''Die Heliceen'' 2nd ed., p. 184. Subspecies There are six subspecies of ''Amphidromus perversus'': * ''Amphidromus perversus perversus'' (Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus, 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 1758) * ''Amphidromus perversus butoti'' Laidlaw & Solem, 1961 * ''Amphidromus perversus emaciatus'' (von Martens, 1867) * ''Amphidromus perversus melanomma'' (Pfeiffer, 1852) * ''Amphidromus perversus natunensis'' Fulton, 1896 * ''Amphidromus perve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphidromus Roseolabiatus
''Amphidromus roseolabiatus'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Amphidromus roseolabiatus Fulton, 1896. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=998156 on 2020-05-17 Distribution Distribution of ''Amphidromus roseolabiatus'' include central and northern Laos, Nan Province in Thailand and Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park in Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i .... Found in Karimganj District, Bazaricherra, Assam, India. Description References * Thach N.N. (2017). New shells of Southeast Asia. Sea shells & Land snails. 48HrBooks Company. 128 pp. * Thach, N. N. (2018). New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphidromus Fuscolabris
''Amphidromus fuscolabris'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora. Th .... MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Amphidromus fuscolabris Möllendorff, 1898. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=998194 on 2020-05-17 Distribution Distribution of ''Amphidromus fuscolabris'' include Sekong Province and Champasak Province in Laos. Description References External links https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228483 fuscolabris Gastropods described in 1898 {{Camaenidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphidromus Laevus
''Amphidromus laevus'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora. These .... References External links laevus Gastropods described in 1774 Taxa named by Otto Friedrich Müller {{Camaenidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dextral Coiling
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it (semi-slug). Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group. Shell layers The gastropod shell has three major layers secreted by the mantle. The calcareous central layer, tracum, is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated into an organic matrix known as conchiolin. The outermost layer is the periostra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chirality
Chirality is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science. The word ''chirality'' is derived from the Greek (''kheir''), "hand", a familiar chiral object. An object or a system is ''chiral'' if it is distinguishable from its mirror image; that is, it cannot be superimposed onto it. Conversely, a mirror image of an ''achiral'' object, such as a sphere, cannot be distinguished from the object. A chiral object and its mirror image are called ''enantiomorphs'' (Greek, "opposite forms") or, when referring to molecules, '' enantiomers''. A non-chiral object is called ''achiral'' (sometimes also ''amphichiral'') and can be superposed on its mirror image. The term was first used by Lord Kelvin in 1893 in the second Robert Boyle Lecture at the Oxford University Junior Scientific Club which was published in 1894: Human hands are perhaps the most recognized example of chirality. The left hand is a non-superimposable mirror image of the right hand; no matter ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora. These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia. A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae. This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously being treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae. Anatomy Camaenid shells are often quite large (25–50 mm), but a number of species also have small shells (<5 mm). Shells reveal a remarkable diversity in shape and colour, which is partly linked with their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Christian Albers
Johann Christian Albers (13 March 1795, Bremen – September 1857, Stuttgart) was a German physician and malacologist. During his career, he served as ''Medicinalrath'' and ''Regierungsrath'' in Berlin. As a zoologist, he was the taxonomic authority of the land snail family Orthalicidae and of numerous land snail genera, including: '' Napaeus'', ''Diaphera'', ''Amphidromus'', '' Scutalus'', ''Drymaeus'' and ''Opeas''. In the field of medicine, Albers published an edition from Karl August Wilhelm Berends' "''Vorlesungen über die praktische Arzneiwissenschaft''" ("Lectures on practical medical science") with the title "''Handbuch der Nervenkrankheiten''" (1840). Principal works * ''Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet'', 1850 – The helicids by natural affinity, arranged systematically. * ''Malacographia Maderensis sive enumeratio molluscorum...'', 1854 – Malacography of Madeira ) , anthem = ( en, "Anthem of the Autonomous Regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monograph
A monograph is a specialist work of writing (in contrast to reference works) or exhibition on a single subject or an aspect of a subject, often by a single author or artist, and usually on a scholarly subject. In library cataloging, ''monograph'' has a broader meaning—that of a nonserial publication complete in one volume (book) or a definite number of volumes. Thus it differs from a serial or periodical publication such as a magazine, academic journal, or newspaper. In this context only, books such as novels are considered monographs.__FORCETOC__ Academia The English term "monograph" is derived from modern Latin "monographia", which has its root in Greek. In the English word, "mono-" means "single" and "-graph" means "something written". Unlike a textbook, which surveys the state of knowledge in a field, the main purpose of a monograph is to present primary research and original scholarship ascertaining reliable credibility to the required recipient. This research is prese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Von Martens
Eduard von Martens (18 April 1831 – 14 August 1904) also known as ''Carl'' or ''Karl Eduard von Martens'', was a German zoologist. Born in Stuttgart in 1831, von Martens attended university in University of Tübingen, Tübingen, where he graduated in 1855. He then moved to Berlin, where he would be based for the remainder of his career, both at the Zoological Museum of the Berlin University (from 1855) and, from 1859 on, at the . In 1860, he embarked on the ''Thetis'' expedition of the Prussian expedition to Eastern Asia. When the expedition returned to Europe in 1862, von Martens continued to travel around Maritime Southeast Asia for 15 months. He published the results of the "Thetis" expedition in two volumes, constituting the Zoologischer Theil of the "Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien." Vol. ii, consisting of 447 pages and 22 plates, contained a very full account of the land molluscs. Back in Berlin, von Martens was curator of the malacological and other invertebrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Form (zoology)
In zoology, the word "form" or ''forma'' (literally Latin for form) is a strictly informal term that is sometimes used to describe organisms. Under the ''International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' the term has no standing (it is not accepted). In other words, although form names are Latin, and are sometimes wrongly appended to a binomial name, in a zoological context, forms have no taxonomic significance at all. Usage of the term Some zoologists use the word "form" or "forma" to describe variation in animals, especially insects, as part of a series of terms and abbreviations that are appended to the binomen or trinomen. Many 'typical specimens' may be described, but none should be considered absolute, unconditional or categorical. Forms have no official status, though they are sometimes useful in describing altitudinal or geographical clines. As opposed to morphs (see below), a subpopulation usually consists of a single form only at any given point of time. ''forma geographi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Indonesia
The history of Indonesia has been shaped by geographic position, its natural resources, a series of human migrations and contacts, wars of conquest, the spread of Islam from the island of Sumatra in the 7th century AD and the establishment of Islamic kingdoms, as well as by trade Bowls, Jars, Jugs and so on, economics and politics. Indonesia is an archipelago, archipelagic country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands (8,844 named and 922 permanently inhabited) stretching along the equator in South East Asia. The country's strategic sea-lane position fostered inter-island and international trade; trade has since fundamentally shaped Indonesian history. The area of Indonesia is populated by peoples of various migrations, creating a diversity of Culture of Indonesia, cultures, Ethnic groups of Indonesia, ethnicities, and Languages of Indonesia, languages. The archipelago's landforms and climate significantly influenced agriculture and trade, and the formation of states. The boundaries of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
