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Amirspasalari
''Amirspasalar'' or ''amirspasalari'' ( ka, ამირსპასალარი, from fa, امیر سپه سالار, ) was the commander-in-chief of the medieval Georgian army and one of the highest officials of the Kingdom of Georgia, commonly rendered as "Lord High Constable" (and sometimes also as ''generalissimo'') in English. It is composed of ''amir'', an Arabic term meaning 'commander', 'governor', or 'prince'; and ''sipahsalar'', from the Persian for 'army commander'.Robert Bedrosian, "Amirspasalar", in: Joseph Reese Strayer (1983), ''Dictionary of the Middle Ages'', p. 235. Scribner, . The ''amirspasalar'' was a wartime supreme commander-in-chief of the royal armies, and the bearer of the state flag. Under Queen Tamar (r. 1184–1213), it was the third great, after the ''atabek'', office of the Georgian state. '' The Institution of the Royal Court'', most probably codified during the second reign of George V (1314–1346) defines the office as "an honorary vizier a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sipahsalar
''Ispahsālār'' ( fa, اسپهسالار) or ''sipahsālār'' (; "army commander"), in Arabic rendered as ''isfahsalār'' () or ''iṣbahsalār'' (), was a title used in much of the Islamic world during the 10th–15th centuries, to denote the senior-most military commanders but also as a generic general officer rank. Islamic East and Persia The title derives from Middle Persian ''spāh-sālār'' (),"Kursi-i hazrat Zartosht"''Nirangs'' already attested in Pazend texts of the 9th century. It was the equivalent of the old Sasanian title of ''Spahbed'' (New Persian ''ispahbadh''), which during the Islamic era fell out of general use and became a regnal title among certain local dynasties in Tabaristan and Khurasan. The titles of ''Ispahsalar'' and ''Sipahsalar'' came into prominence in the Islamic world in the later 10th century, with the rise to power of Iranian dynasties during the so-called "Iranian Intermezzo". In its sense of " commander-in-chief", the title was used in para ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demetrius I Of Georgia
Demetrius I ( ka, დემეტრე) ( 1093 – 1156), from the Bagrationi dynasty, was King of Georgia from 1125 to 1156. He is also known as a poet. He was King of United Georgian kingdom two times, first in 1125 to 1154 and second in 1155 before his death in 1156. Life Demetrius was the eldest son of King David the Builder by his first wife Rusudan. He was brought up in Kutaisi. As a commander, he took part in his father's battles against Seljuks, particularly at Didgori (1121) and Shirvan (1123). In 1117, he was sent by David at the head of a Georgian army into Shirvan, where Demetrius reduced the fortress of Kaladzor (later Alberd, now Ağdaş) and put to flight the men of Sökmen II, "commander of all the forces of Persia" — as a Georgian chronicler suggests. This Sökmen was probably a Shah-Armen prince, and subsequently, ruler in his own right, Sökmen II, whom the Shirvanshah Afridun I must have applied for help. Demetrius succeeded on his father's death on Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Military Ranks Of Persian Origin
Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) **Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group **Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scripts used to write the language **Georgian (Unicode block), a Unicode block containing the Mkhedruli and Asomtavruli scripts **Georgian cuisine, cooking styles and dishes with origins in the nation of Georgia and prepared by Georgian people around the world * Someone from Georgia (U.S. state) * Georgian era, a period of British history (1714–1837) **Georgian architecture, the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1837 Places *Georgian Bay, a bay of Lake Huron *Georgian Cliff, a cliff on Alexander Island, Antarctica Airlines *Georgian Airways, an airline based in Tbilisi, Georgia *Georgian International Airlines, an airline based in Tbilisi, Georgia *Air Georgian, an airline based in Ontario, Canada *Sky Georgia, an airlin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Words And Phrases
Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) **Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group **Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scripts used to write the language **Georgian (Unicode block), a Unicode block containing the Mkhedruli and Asomtavruli scripts **Georgian cuisine, cooking styles and dishes with origins in the nation of Georgia and prepared by Georgian people around the world * Someone from Georgia (U.S. state) * Georgian era, a period of British history (1714–1837) **Georgian architecture, the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1837 Places *Georgian Bay, a bay of Lake Huron *Georgian Cliff, a cliff on Alexander Island, Antarctica Airlines *Georgian Airways, an airline based in Tbilisi, Georgia *Georgian International Airlines, an airline based in Tbilisi, Georgia *Air Georgian, an airline based in Ontario, Canada *Sky Georgia, an airlin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of The Kingdom Of Georgia
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noble Titles Of Georgia (country)
A noble is a member of the nobility. Noble may also refer to: Places Antarctica * Noble Glacier, King George Island * Noble Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land * Noble Peak, Wiencke Island * Noble Rocks, Graham Land Australia * Noble Island, Great Barrier Reef United States * Noble (SEPTA station), a railway station in Abington, Pennsylvania * Noble, Illinois, a village * Noble, Indiana, an unincorporated community * Noble, Iowa, an unincorporated community * Noble, Louisiana, a village * Noble, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Noble, Oklahoma, a city * Noble County (other) * Noble Township (other) People * Noble (given name) * Noble (surname) Animals * Noble (horse), a British Thoroughbred * Noble Decree, an American-bred British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse * Noble snipe, a small stocky wader * Vaguely Noble, an Irish-bred Thoroughbred racehorse Arts, entertainment, and media Characters * Noble, the humanoid werewolf form of Savage/Noble, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Ranks Of Georgia (country)
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spaspet
''Spaspet'' ( ka, სპასპეტი) was a feudal office in Georgia that originated in ancient Iberia. It is usually translated in English as High Constable. The institution of ''spaspet'', like its rough equivalent '' sparapet'' in neighboring Armenia, was designed under the influence of the Sassanian Persian ''spahbed'', but differed in that it was a non-hereditary rank and included not only military, but also civil functions.Robert Bedrosian, "Sparapet", in: Joseph Reese Strayer (1983), ''Dictionary of the Middle Ages'', p. 460. Scribner, . According to the medieval Georgian chronicles, the rank of ''spaspet'' was introduced by the first king P’arnavaz in the 3rd century BC. At the same time, it served as '' ex officio'' duke of Inner Iberia (Shida Kartli), around Mtskheta and Uplis-Tsikhe. It seems that this office was in fact occupied by the member of the Iberian royal family or an especially high dignitary next in seniority to the king. The Roman geographer St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court Officials Of The Kingdom Of Georgia
The court officials of the Kingdom of Georgia, were in charge of the royal court. The chronological lists below are not exhaustive, since there exist large gaps in the historical record. Majordomo The majordomo (Georgian: msakhurtukhutsesi) was the chief official of the court. Chancellor The Chancellor (Georgian: '' mtsignobartukhutsesi'') was the head of the government. Treasurer The treasurer (Georgian: m''echurchletukhutsesi'') was the official responsible for running the treasury. Master of ceremonies The master of ceremonies (Georgian: ''mandaturtukhutsesi'') was responsible for conducting ceremonies such as coronations and receptions of foreign ambassadors. Marshal The marshal (Georgian: ''amirspasalar'') had charge of the royal stables. Tutor The tutor (Georgian: a''tabeg'') came to be denominated as Samtskhe-Saatabago, the latter element meaning "of the atabags".Toumanoff, Cyril (1967). ''Studies in Christian Caucasian History'', p. 438, n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaqeli
The House of Jaqeli ( ka, ჯაყელი) was a Georgian princely (''mtavari'') family and a ruling dynasty of the Principality of Samtskhe, an offshoot of the House of Chorchaneli. History "Jaqeli", literally meaning "of/from Jaqi", was originally a territorial epithet. The family received this name from the castle of Jaqi on the Jaqis-tsqali, one of the left affluents of the Mtkvari (Kura) (now in Turkey). The Jaqeli traced their origin to the late 9th-century nobleman Beshken, of the Chorchaneli, whose descendants possessed the valleys of Jaqi, Postkhovi (modern Posof, Turkey), and Uraveli (near Akhaltsikhe, Georgia). The title "Jaqeli" first appears in the names of Beshken (I), lord (eristavi) of Tukharisi, and Murvan, lord of Q'ueli and Beshken's possible son. Beshken (II), Murvan's possible son, died fighting the Seljuk Turks in Javakheti in 1118. From the 1050s to the 1190s, the Jaqeli took part in several feudal uprisings against the Bagratid kings of Georgia. Eventu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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