American Vanguard Corporation
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American Vanguard Corporation
American Vanguard Corporation, through its subsidiary AMVAC Chemical Corporation, is an American producer of agrochemicals and pesticide delivery systems. The company was cofounded by Glenn Wintemute, who stepped down as president in 1994. His son, Eric Wintemute, now serves as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. American Vanguard trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol "AVD." The company operates factories in Los Angeles and Axis, Alabama. Products have included dichlorvos (DDVP), metam sodium, mevinphos, pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) and terbufos. History In 1991, over 19,000 gallons of metam sodium manufactured by Amvac Chemical Corporation spilled from a train derailment into Shasta Lake. AMVAC settled resulting lawsuits for $2 million while Southern Pacific Transportation Company paid $30 million in settlements. In 2001, AMVAC began producing the herbicide DCPA ( Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate, trade name Dacthal) for the American market. ...
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Agrochemical
An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of ''agricultural chemical'', is a chemical product used in industrial agriculture. Agrichemical refers to biocides ( pesticides including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and nematicides) and synthetic fertilizers. It may also include hormones and other chemical growth agents. Agrochemicals are counted among speciality chemicals. Categories Biological action In most of the cases, agrochemicals refer to pesticides. * Pesticides **Insecticides ** Herbicides **Fungicides **Algaecides **Rodenticides **Molluscicides **Nematicides *Fertilisers *Soil conditioners * Liming and acidifying agents *Plant growth regulators Application method * Fumigants * Penetrant Ecology Many agrochemicals are toxic, and agrichemicals in bulk storage may pose significant environmental and/or health risks, particularly in the event of accidental spills. In many countries, use of agrichemicals is highly regulated. Government-issued permits for p ...
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Dimethyl Tetrachloroterephthalate
Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA, with the main trade name Dacthal) is an organic compound with the formula C6Cl4(CO2CH3)2. It is the dimethyl ester of tetrachloroterephthalic acid, used as a preemergent herbicide with the ISO common name chlorthal-dimethyl.American Vanguard Dacthal Webpage
It kills ''annual'' es and many common weeds without killing sensitive plants such as ''turf'' grasses, s, s,

Bromacil
Bromacil is an organic compound with the chemical formula C9H13BrN2O2, commercially available as a herbicide. Bromacil was first registered as a pesticide in the U.S. in 1961.United States Environmental Protection Agency. "Bromacil". 1996, p.1-11. Accessed October 9, 2012 It is used for brush control on non-cropland areas.Cornell University. “Bromacil”. 1993, p. 1. Accessed October 9, 2012 It works by interfering with photosynthesis by entering the plant through the root zone and moving throughout the plant.USDOE-Bonneville Power Administration. 2000, p.1-9. Accessed October 9, 2012 Bromacil is one of a group of compounds called substituted uracils. These materials are broad spectrum herbicides used for nonselective weed and brush control on non-croplands, as well as for selective weed control on a limited number of crops, such as citrus fruit and pineapple. Bromacil is also found to be excellent at controlling perennial grasses. Safety There are quite a few safety precautio ...
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ADAMA Agricultural Solutions
ADAMA Ltd. (Hebrew: אדמה בע"מ ; Chinese: 安道麦), formerly known as Makhteshim-Agan, is a crop protection company. Overview Together with its wholly owned subsidiary, Adama Agricultural Solutions Ltd., ADAMA manufacturers and retails herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. The company has research and development (R&D) and manufacturing facilities in various locations worldwide, with two main centers in Israel and China. It is traded on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange and is headquartered in Ashdod City, Israel. In 2017, Adama Agricultural Solutions Ltd. was acquired by Hubei Sanonda Co. Ltd., a Chinese agro-chemical producer and partially owned subsidiary of ChemChina. History Agan was founded in 1949 as a cooperative, while Makhteshim was created in 1952. In 1973 Agan and Makhteshim partnered to distribute their products and 24 years later merged to form Makhteshim Agan Industries Ltd. In October 2011 ChemChina acquired a 60% stake in Makhteshim Agan, delisting from th ...
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Paraquat
Paraquat (trivial name; ), or ''N'',''N''′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride (systematic name), also known as methyl viologen, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H7N)2l2. It is classified as a viologen, a family of redox-active heterocycles of similar structure. This salt is one of the most widely used herbicides. It is quick-acting and non-selective, killing green plant tissue on contact. It is also toxic (lethal) to human beings and animals due to its redox Redox (reduction–oxidation, , ) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of substrate (chemistry), substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of Electron, electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction ... activity, which produces superoxide anions. It has been linked to the development of Parkinson's disease and is banned in several countries. Paraquat may be in the form of salt (chemistry), salt with chloride or other anions; quantities of the substan ...
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Chlorothalonil
Chlorothalonil (2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile) is an organic compound mainly used as a broad spectrum, nonsystemic fungicide, with other uses as a wood protectant, pesticide, acaricide, and to control mold, mildew, bacteria, algae. Chlorothalonil-containing products are sold under the names Bravo, Echo, and Daconil. It was first registered for use in the US in 1966. In 1997, the most recent year for which data are available, it was the third most used fungicide in the US, behind only sulfur and copper, with used in agriculture that year. Including nonagricultural uses, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates, on average, almost were used annually from 1990 to 1996.Reregistration Eligibility Decision for chlorothalonil
US EPA, 1999.
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Abamectin
Abamectin is a widely used insecticide and anthelmintic. Abamectin, is a member of the Avermectin family and is a natural fermentation product of soil dwelling actinomycete ''Streptomyces avermitilis''. Abamectin (also called Avermectin B1), differs from Ivermectin, the popular member of the Avermectin family, by double bond on C-22-25. Fermentation of ''Streptomyces avermitilis'' yields 8 closely related Avermectin homologues out of which B1 (a and b) forms the bulk of the fermentation. The non proprietary name, abamectin, is a combination of Bla (~ 80%) and B1b (~ 20%). Out of all the Avermectins, abamectin is the only one that is used both in agriculture and pharmaceuticals. Mode of Action Avermectins bind to the glutamate-gated chloride channels that are found in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells. They cause hyperpolarization of these cells resulting in paralysis and death. Mammals only possess glutamate-gated chloride channels in the brain and spinal cord and as the Avermec ...
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Dole Food Company
Dole plc (previously named Dole Food Company, Standard Fruit Company) is an Irish agricultural multinational corporation headquartered in Dublin, Ireland. The company is among the world's largest producers of fruit and vegetables, operating with 38,500 full-time and seasonal employees who supply some 300 products in 75 countries. Dole reported 2021 revenues of $6.5 billion. As of 2021, the company had approximately 250 processing plants and distribution centers worldwide in addition to of farmland and real estate. The company operates through four segments: Fresh Fruit (bananas and pineapples; about 35% of 2020 revenues); Diversified Fresh Produce in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa; Diversified Fresh Produce in the Americas and other world regions (combined 37% of 2020 revenues); and Fresh Vegetables (29% of 2020 revenues). Dole grows and markets bananas, pineapples, grapes, berries, deciduous and citrus fruits, and vegetable salads. Dole operates a 13-vessel shipping line ...
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Southern Pacific Transportation Company
The Southern Pacific (or Espee from the railroad initials- SP) was an American Class I railroad network that existed from 1865 to 1996 and operated largely in the Western United States. The system was operated by various companies under the names Southern Pacific Railroad, Southern Pacific Company and Southern Pacific Transportation Company. The original Southern Pacific began in 1865 as a land holding company. The last incarnation of the Southern Pacific, the Southern Pacific Transportation Company, was founded in 1969 and assumed control of the Southern Pacific system. The Southern Pacific Transportation Company was acquired in 1996 by the Union Pacific Corporation and merged with their Union Pacific Railroad. The Southern Pacific legacy founded hospitals in San Francisco, Tucson, and Houston. In the 1970s, it also founded a telecommunications network with a state-of-the-art microwave and fiber optic backbone. This telecommunications network became part of Sprint, a compa ...
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world's most populous megacities. Los Angeles is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Southern California. With a population of roughly 3.9 million residents within the city limits , Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic and cultural diversity, being the home of the Hollywood film industry, and its sprawling metropolitan area. The city of Los Angeles lies in a basin in Southern California adjacent to the Pacific Ocean in the west and extending through the Santa Monica Mountains and north into the San Fernando Valley, with the city bordering the San Gabriel Valley to it's east. It covers about , and is the county seat of Los Angeles County, which is the most populous county in the United States with an estim ...
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Shasta Lake
Shasta Lake, also popularly known as Lake Shasta, is a reservoir in Shasta County, California, United States. It began to store water in 1944 due to the impounding of the Sacramento River by Shasta Dam, the ninth tallest dam in the United States. Shasta Lake is a key facility of the Central Valley Project and provides flood control for the Sacramento Valley downstream of the dam. Water outflow generates power through the Shasta Powerplant and is subsequently used for irrigation and municipal purposes. The reservoir lies within the Whiskeytown–Shasta–Trinity National Recreation Area, operated by the Shasta-Trinity National Forest. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has developed a safe eating advisory for fish caught in the lake based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in local species. Geography With a capacity of at full pool, the lake has an elevation of , and a surface area of , making it the state's largest reservoir, and its th ...
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